黄河三角洲下三角洲平原沉积环境

现代黄河三角洲活动叶瓣上河口附近发育着决口扇沉积物,潮汐影响不明显。两侧发育着具有进积潮滩特点的沉积物。叶瓣废弃后由于压实下沉和波浪作用海岸后退,形成退积潮滩。在废弃河口侧部发育较好。那里高潮线处没有侵蚀陡坎,海岸后退是由于压实下沉引起的。废弃河口附近侵蚀作用明显,高潮线处发育侵蚀陡坎,潮间带变窄。     

Polymorphic Zooids in Deitaic Species Populations of Conopeum seurati (CANU, 1928) (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Abstract. Deltaic populations of Conopeum seurati from diverse environmental settings have variable phenotypes related to strong competitive regimes and to dissolved oxygen minima. Under extremely stressful conditions, the poorly canalized phenotype of C. seurati displays new additional features such as kleistozooids ( kleistós = closed) and chaotic celleporoid layers. Kleistozooids are clearly distinguishable polymorphs characterized by the presence of a compact, imperforate frontal membrane and by a strongly reduced lumen of the "opesium". They commonly aggregate in clusters of regularly-arranged individuals that store a large quantity of proteic material. The inferred function of these cell-like structures is to supply nutrients for basic colony activities. Celleporoid layers are, possibly, a developmental relaxation of the colony of C. seurati for a more efficient use of space in competitive interactions.
Both celleporoid layers and kleistozooids reveal the magnitude of intracolony variability of a widespread opportunistic bryozoan species.     

白沙河平原区需水预测

白沙河平原区为青岛市蔬菜基地，农业为主要用水户，根据本区未来菜粮比例进一步提高、城乡生活水平不断提高、乡镇工业迅速发展、节水意识有所提高等特点．设计了包括工业、农业和生活需水的需水预测模型，预测结果表明，工业及生活用水比例将不断提高，农业用水仍占主要地位，但增幅不大。预测结果为管理模型设计提供了信息．     

提高南四湖综合治理工程的投资效益

南四湖治理的中心任务是降低洪水位,在尽快续建两项主要工程—扩大韩庄运河和扩大湖腰—的前提下,湖内清障是保证洪水畅泄、降低水位、缩短滞洪时间,减少洪灾损失的重要措施。本文着重对以往湖内清苇实施困难、效果不佳的原因进行了分析,为了提高今后治湖工程的综合经济效益,对开展清障工作提出了建议。     

Nitrogen loads to New Zealand aquatic receiving environments: comparison with regulatory criteria

ABSTRACT

There is concern about the deteriorating nutrient status of aquatic receiving environments in New Zealand. We estimated the amount by which current nitrogen (N) concentrations and loads exceed criteria in rivers, lakes and estuaries nationally. Criteria corresponded to national ‘bottom-line’ (i.e. minimal) environmental objectives set by government policy. Three metrics were evaluated: (1) degree of compliance describes the current TN loads in receiving environments relative to criteria; (2) catchment N status describes the acceptability of catchment N loads compared to criteria; and (3) excess load indicates the amount by which the N load exceeds the maximum allowable load (kg yr^?1). Non-compliance with N criteria was broadly distributed nationally particularly in low-elevation catchments. Catchments with unacceptable N status constituted at least 31% of New Zealand’s land area, which corresponds to at least 43% of the country’s agricultural land. The national excess load was estimated to be at least 19.1 Gg yr^?1. We are 97.5% confident that estimated excess loads exceed zero for nine of 15 regions and for the nation as a whole. The analyses provide a strategic assessment of where reductions in N emissions are required to achieve the minimal national objectives.     

黄海海底地貌分区及地貌类型

本文通过多年来大量的实际调查资料,将黄海划分成北黄海海湾潮流脊与岛礁、山东半岛沿岸水下堆积岸坡及水下阶地、南黄海西部弱堆积侵蚀平原、旧黄河-古长江三角洲堆积平原、海峡等七个地貌区,它们都各具特有的地貌类型。北黄海和南黄海原为两个大型的山间盆地,尔后由于海侵、被大量沉积物充填,成为今日连成一体的黄海浅海平原。     

苏北中部滨海平原成陆机制研究

苏北中部滨海平原位于废黄河三角洲和长江三角洲之间，其形成与全新世最大海侵之后长江、古黄河的供沙历史和供沙状况密切相关，并且现今海域南黄海辐射沙洲的辐聚点也位于这段海岸，故探讨其成陆机制具有重要意义。本文数值模拟了公元８世纪时该区的Ｍ２潮汐、潮流，在此基础上，计算了７种粒径泥沙在当时潮流场中的净输运状况，划分了海底冲淤区。计算结果表明，公元８世纪时苏北岸外存在大致以东台为顶点的辐射状古潮流场，其分布格局与现今苏北岸外大致以京港为顶点的辐射关潮流场基本一致，该辐射状潮流场的存在是由当时台东岸外的独特驻潮波波腹所决定的。进入苏北岸外古辐射状潮流场中的泥沙，在辐聚、辐散的潮流作用下，每一个潮周期均自ＮＥ、ＳＥ方向向东台附近海域净输运泥沙，在东台附近海域发生淤积。由此认为，苏北中部滨海平原是大致以东台为顶点的辐聚、辐散潮     

浅海底层流与沉积物磁组构参数P、Fs对应关系的初步探讨

对海阳湾外侧浅水区域实测水体运动特征及其对应的沉积磁组构参量 ,采用线性回归方法进行统计分析 ,取得的结果是 :EV1 (估算流速 1) =17.372 4- 2 .16 87(P- 1.0 )× 10 0 +10 .890 9(Fs- 1.0 )× 10 0 ,其估计平均误差 (V(实测流速 ) - EV1 ) =0 .2 83;EV2 (估算流速 2 ) =- 886 .1178- 2 87.6 32 1P+1191.1870 Fs,其估计平均误差 (V- EV2 ) =0 .2 98。初步探讨结果表明 ,水体运移小潮期最大涨潮流底层流流速与沉积磁组构参量 P、Fs对应关系研究是可行的。     

Postglacial development of a marl and peat complex on the Precambrian Shield of northwestern Ontario

This paper presents the first paleolimnological study of the postglacial development of a marl and peat complex on the Canadian Precambrian Shield. Ring Lake (48° 46 N, 85° 51 W), situated within the carbonate glacial drift area of northwestern Ontario, originated about 9000 BP in a basin exposed by the retreating waters of proglacial Lake Superior. The development of Ring Lake was interpreted from pollen and diatom analysis of one sediment core from the littoral zone and another core from near the lake centre.The sequence of postglacial vegetation development parallels published accounts of forest history in northern Ontario. The predominant diatom throughout the littoral core was the alkaliphilous Cymbella diluviana. The central core was dominated by circumneutral and alkaliphilous species of Achnanthes Navicula, Fragilaria, and Cymbella, except in recent samples where acidophilous species of Anomoeoneis were common.Diatom-inferred (DI) pH shows that the early lake was alkaline because of drainage from base-rich tills. The presence of marl in the littoral core indicates deposition of calcareous materials until the site dried out during the Hypsithermal period. There is evidence that beaver activity around 5000 BP caused a temporary change in lake hydrology. A decline in DI pH over much of the postglacial reflects gradual exhaustion of carbonates in the drainage area. An increase in acidophilous diatoms in samples representing the past 3500 y is consistent with gradual acidification of the system and development of a littoral peatland in a cooler neoglacial climate.