全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3379篇 |
免费 | 661篇 |
国内免费 | 491篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 155篇 |
大气科学 | 721篇 |
地球物理 | 1089篇 |
地质学 | 1472篇 |
海洋学 | 202篇 |
天文学 | 10篇 |
综合类 | 164篇 |
自然地理 | 718篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 24篇 |
2023年 | 41篇 |
2022年 | 71篇 |
2021年 | 135篇 |
2020年 | 150篇 |
2019年 | 152篇 |
2018年 | 115篇 |
2017年 | 131篇 |
2016年 | 152篇 |
2015年 | 150篇 |
2014年 | 198篇 |
2013年 | 320篇 |
2012年 | 152篇 |
2011年 | 158篇 |
2010年 | 160篇 |
2009年 | 164篇 |
2008年 | 165篇 |
2007年 | 211篇 |
2006年 | 192篇 |
2005年 | 193篇 |
2004年 | 196篇 |
2003年 | 189篇 |
2002年 | 140篇 |
2001年 | 136篇 |
2000年 | 135篇 |
1999年 | 117篇 |
1998年 | 100篇 |
1997年 | 103篇 |
1996年 | 82篇 |
1995年 | 61篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 52篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4531条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
张建超 《测绘与空间地理信息》2002,25(3):68-69
文章简要介绍了黑龙江省防汛指挥系统建设的目标 ,论述了 3S技术是该系统应用的关键技术 ,以及展现了 3S技术在该系统应用的发展趋势。 相似文献
32.
33.
A practical method for visualizing flood area and evaluating damage is presented, which consists of two technical approaches: self-programming and adapting commercial GIS platforms. The low-cost and easy-to-use GIS-Based model developed by self-programming can meet current requirements of most local authorities, especially in developing countries. In this model, two cases, non-source flood and source flood, are distinguished and the Seed-spread algorithm suitable for source-flood is discussed; The flood damage is assessed by overlaying the flood area range with thematic maps and other related social and economic data. and all thematic maps are converted to raster format before overlay analysis. Two measures are taken to improve the operation efficiency of speed seed-spreed algorithm. The accuracy of the model mainly depends on the resolution and precision of the DEM data, and the accuracy of registering all raster layers and the quality of attribute data. 相似文献
34.
Umberto Lombardo 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):340-347
Quantitative measures of polygon shapes and orientation are important elements of geospatial analysis. These kinds of measures are particularly valuable in the case of lakes, where shape and orientation patterns can help identifying the geomorphological agents behind lake formation and evolution. However, the lack of built-in tools in commercial geographic information system (GIS) software packages designed for this kind of analysis has meant that many researchers often must rely on tools and workarounds that are not always accurate. Here, an easy-to-use method to measure rectangularity R, ellipticity E, and orientation O is developed. In addition, a new rectangularity vs. ellipticity index, REi, is defined. Following a step-by-step process, it is shown how these measures and index can be easily calculated using a combination of GIS built-in functions. The identification of shapes and estimation of orientations performed by this method is applied to the case study of the geometric and oriented lakes of the Llanos de Moxos, in the Bolivian Amazon, where shape and orientation have been the two most important elements studied to infer possible formation mechanisms. It is shown that, thanks to these new indexes, shape and orientation patterns are unveiled, which would have been hard to identify otherwise. 相似文献
35.
Stream flow forecast and its inundation simulations prior to the event are an effective and non-structural method of flood damage mitigation. In this paper, a continuous simulation hydrological and hydrodynamic model was developed for stream flow forecast and for spatial inundation simulation in Brahmani–Baitarani river basin, India. The hydrologic modelling approach includes rainfall-run-off modelling, flow routing, calibration and validation of the model with the field discharge data. CARTOSAT Digital Elevation Model of 30 m resolution, land use/land cover derived from the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P6) AWiFS and soil textural data of the study area were used in the modelling to compute topographic and hydraulic parameters. The hydrological model was calibrated with the help of field observed discharge data of 2006 and 2009 and validated with the data of 2008 and 2011. From the results, it is found that computed discharges are very well matching well with the observed discharges. The developed model can provide the stream flow forecast with more than 30 h lead time. Possible flood inundations were simulated using hydrodynamic modelling approach. CARTO Digital Elevation Model of 10 m resolution, landuse and the computed flood hydrographs were used in inundation simulations. 相似文献
36.
37.
38.
清江库区丹水撇洪渠边坡变形监测与变形分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
丹水撇洪渠属4级建筑物,能否安全运行关系到丹水及上游人民的生命和财产安全。撇洪渠运行几年来,两岸边坡已先后出现了多处拉裂缝。在该边坡治理过程中,对边坡进行了变形监测工作。通过监测,及时预报了左岸89m马道TP23处2004年8月22日凌晨1时左右的坡体滑塌,并对稳定性进行了分析。 相似文献
39.
Swades Pal 《国际地球制图》2019,34(10):1055-1074
Punarbhaba river of Indo-Bangladesh has experienced hydro-ecological alteration after installation of Komardanga dam in 1992 and consequently wetland and inundation areas have undergone into transformation. The present work intends to explore the impact of flow attenuation on contemporary and upcoming flood extent and flood plain wetlands. In post-dam condition, average and maximum flows are attenuated by 36 and 41%, respectively, and as a result the active flood prone area is squeezed considerably by 39.72%. Average flood water depth is also reduced by 37.87% (4.45metre) after flow modification. Due to shrinkages of flood prone areas, wetland area is also reduced from 215.70 to 90.40 km2 and larger part of the present wetland area is under stress and critical state. Predicted flood prone areas in next 25 years will be 328.91 km2 and consequently 65.63 km2 wetland areas may further be under hydro-ecological threats. Release of ecological flow is essential to restore and preserve the wetland. 相似文献
40.
It is important to identify and locate glacial lakes for assessing any potential hazard. This study presents a combination of semi-automatic method Double-Window Flexible Pace Search (DFPS) and edge detection technique to identify glacial lakes using Sentinel 2A satellite data. Initially, Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) has been used to identify water and non-water areas, while DFPS and Edge detection technique has been used to identify an optimum threshold value to distinguish between water and shadow areas. The optimal threshold from DFPS process is 0.21, while threshold value of gradient magnitude using edge detection process is 0.318. The number of glacial lakes identified using the above algorithm is in close agreement with previously published results on glacial lakes in Gangotri glacier using different techniques. Thus, a combination of DFPS and edge detection process has successfully segregated glacial lakes from other features present in Gangotri glacier. 相似文献