青岛原点与坎门零点(一)

回顾了我国大地测量高和基准点的历史变革过程,着重讨论坎门基准点、青岛基准点曾凝结了我国几代测绘工作者为国家的尊严、为中华民族的振兴和科学发展所付出的智慧和汗水。特别是坎门基准点,作为中国人自己确定(早期)的零点,在当今仍起着举足轻重的重大作用。     

Computation of Design Load and Motion for Floating Structures Navigating in Waves

—Analytical and numerical investigation is made of the source potential for floating structurewith forward speed in waves.A particular form is selected for numerical applications,where the double in-tegral of the Green function is transformed into the single one and the oscillation characteristics forintegrands in the specific computation domain are treated numerically.A comparison of calculated exam-p1es with published data is given and it shows that the numerical simulation is satisfactory and the accura-cy is adequate to engineering application.     

海流观测方法发展及应用

文章针对海流观测分类及命名在实际应用中存在部分专业术语使用不规范、分类不统一等问题,参考国家标准、行业规范和相关文献资料,结合观测原理、发展应用、优缺点和典型设备,按照漂浮法测流、定点测流、走航测流和表层遥感测流四大类,对海流观测方法进行梳理和分析,为业界提供借鉴和参考。     

Boundary-value problems in the complex world of geodetic measurements

A review of recent progress and current activities towards an improved formulation and solution of geodetic boundary value problems is given. Improvements stimulated and required by the dramatic changes of the real world of geodetic measurements are focused upon. Altimetry–gravimetry problems taking into account various scenarios of non-homogeneous data coverage are discussed in detail. Other problems are related to free geodetic datum parameters, most of all the vertical datum, overdetermination or additional constraints imposed by satellite geodetic observations or models. Some brief remarks are made on pseudo-boundary value problems for geoid determination and on purely gravitational boundary-value problems. Received: 17 March 1999 / Accepted: 19 April 1999     

冰塞下冰块起动分析

对冰塞下冰块临界起动条件进行了分析研究,指出了过去研究的缺陷是与实际情况吻合较差以及计算公式构造不合理有关。根据有关理论分析与推导,提出了冰塞下冰块临界起动计算公式应具有的合理形式。并就部分因子进行了试验研究,研究结果表明,在不考虑ｔｂ／Ｌ和ｎｉ／ｎｂ变化的情况下,冰塞下冰块起动流速和泥沙起动流速的计算公式具有相同的形式。     

马迹山工程中海平面的确定与高程基面关系的分析

以嵊泗列岛马迹山特大型矿石中转码头的项目为例,在对长期验潮站资料收集、计算与考证的基础上,通过相关分析及差比计算,确定了该工程处平均海平面及其与高程基面的关系,从而为大型工程的设计与建设提供了具有实用价值的依据。     

华北地区钢管基岩标稳定性和干扰因素再研究

在选定稳定参数基准基础上,利用各种联测资料分离了地下水位变化对基岩标的干扰,剖析了三个台点基岩标的稳定性、主要干扰因素及排除方法,讨论了基岩标的设置条件。     

多模块超大型浮体中连接器刚度对其运动响应的影响

多模块超大型浮体一般由连接器连接,实现海上浮动机场等功能。实际操作中,为约束超大型浮体模块之间的相对运动,连接器通常将承受非常巨大的载荷,给连接器的制造带来巨大的困难。通过对不同环境力情况下不同刚度连接器的研究,分析了连接器刚度对超大型浮体模块之间相对运动与连接器自身承受载荷的影响。研究发现,随着柔性连接器刚度的增加,连接器对超大浮体模块之间相对运动的约束逐渐增强,同时连接器也将承受更大的载荷;此外,较大的连接器刚度,并不利于抵抗模块之间的冲击载荷;最后,连接器刚度的改变会影响其固有振动频率,因此需要尽可能避开共振区域,否则系统容易出现较大的振动,导致模块间相对运动过大,连接器过载。研究结果确定了连接器刚度最佳匹配原则,以指导连接器的工程设计。     

一种基于状态空间模型的浮式海上升压站平台动力响应计算方法研究

浮式海上升压站的动力响应分析是其设计阶段的重要内容,对浮式升压站进行结构优化进而改进其水动力性能意义重大。提出一种基于状态空间模型的浮式海上升压站平台动力响应算法,该方法通过频域拟合的方法计算延迟函数频响函数有理分式的系数,得到延迟函数的极值和留数,进而构建延迟函数的状态空间模型,通过状态空间模型代替Cummins方程中的卷积项,从而计算浮式海上升压站的动力响应。采用日本福岛示范项目的浮式升压站模型对方法进行验证,结果表明计算得到的动力响应与商业软件SESAM计算结果吻合较好,说明方法的有效性。     

Modelling of multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves—Fluid forces on floating bodies

This work presents two-dimensional numerical results of the dependence of wave forces of multiple floating bodies in close proximity on the incident wave frequency, gap width, body draft, body breadth and body number based on both viscous fluid and potential flow models. The numerical models were validated by the available experimental data of fluid oscillation in narrow gaps. Numerical investigations show that the large amplitude responses of horizontal and vertical wave forces appear around the fluid resonant frequencies. The convectional potential flow model is observed to un-physically overestimate the magnitudes of wave forces as the fluid resonance takes place. By introducing artificial damping term with appropriate damping coefficients μ∈[0.4, 0.5], the potential flow model may work as well as the viscous fluid model, which agree with the damping coefficients used in our previous work for the predication of wave height under gap resonance. In addition, the numerical results of viscous fluid model suggest that the horizontal wave force is highly dependent on the water level difference between the opposite sides of an individual body and the overall horizontal wave force on the floating system is generally smaller than the summation of wave force on each body.