纤维矿物粉尘环境矿物学与环境医学研究的新进展

本文全面评述了纤维矿物粉尘在环境安全性方面的研究成果与目前存在的主要不足,提出除应注重纤维间的特性差异（纤维剂量、长度、细度）的要求外,还应注意制样方法、样品产地、成因、成分等方面的影响,强调纤维断键、活性自由基、活性中心、纤维电荷、催化性质、氧化－还原强度,“表面介体”等因素的作用,阐明从表面活性及矿物－生物化学作用方面揭示纤维粉尘致病机理的重要性、即从矿物表面官能团、表面综合性状来探讨天然纤维     

应用碳纤维布增强钢筋混凝土柱抗震能力的研究

本文通过8根钢筋混凝土柱在周期反复荷载作用下受力性能的试验研究,验证了使用碳纤维布包裹钢筋混土柱来提高其延性这种补强加固方法的有效性,本文分析了轴压比,混凝土强度,碳纤维布强度以及碳纤维布的包裹范围,包裹层数等因素对抗震加固效果的影响,最后,还对碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土柱使其延性提高的机理进行了分析。     

钢纤维掺量对钢筋混凝土桥面板冲切性能影响

通过对钢纤维体积率为0和0.38%的双向板试件进行冲切试验,得到试件的破坏形态、钢筋和混凝土荷载-应变规律等,进而量化评估钢纤维掺量对钢筋混凝土桥面板冲切性能的影响。结果表明:钢纤维体积率为0与0.38%的试件相比,相同荷载作用下后者的钢筋、混凝土应变较小;首条裂缝的出现时间推迟;试件在冲切破坏时挠度变形较大且板底表面混凝土脱落较少。     

Experimental and numerical studies on buckling restrained braces with posttensioned carbon fiber composite cables

There has been an increasing interest in using residual deformation as a seismic performance indicator for earthquake resistant building design. Self-centering braced structural systems are viable candidates for minimizing residual deformations following a major earthquake. Hence, this study proposes an alternative type of buckling restrained brace (BRB) with externally attached posttensioned (PT-BRB) carbon fiber composite cables (CFCCs). The steel core of the brace is used as an energy dissipator, whereas the CFCCs provide the self-centering force for minimizing residual story drifts. Three proof-of-concept specimens are designed, fabricated, and cyclically tested at different posttensioning force levels. The CFCC behavior to obtain cyclic response, including the anchorage system, is examined closely. A parametric study is also conducted to show the effect of the different configurations of PT-BRBs on the inelastic response. Furthermore, optimal brace parameters are discussed to realize design recommendations. The results indicated that the implementation of partially self-centering BRBs in building frames can lead to the target residual displacements. A stable behavior is obtained for the proposed PT-BRBs when subjected to the loading protocol specified in the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) 2016 Seismic Provisions.     

反复荷载作用下矩形钢管混凝土树状节点的非线性分析

本文在确定了往复应力作用下钢管混凝土的钢材和核心混凝土的应力-应变关系的基础上,利用纤维杆元模型,有限元模型对钢管混凝土Y形柱和十字形钢梁连接的节点的荷载-位移滞回关系曲线及其骨架曲线进行了计算,并与试验结果进行了比较。结果表明：由纤维杆元模型与试验所得的低周反复荷载作用下的骨架曲线极为相似,但在峰值荷载后差异较大;由纤维杆元模型和有限元所得的在低周反复荷载作用下滞回曲线也与在反复荷载作用下试验所得的结果相一致。纤维杆元模型能准确地预测节点的弹塑性行为和整体抗震性能,可用于节点滞回性能的非线性参数分析研究。在此基础上研究了方钢管混凝土柱的轴压比,宽厚比及核心混凝土强度对节点受力性能的影响。     

桥面铺装低掺聚丙烯纤维混凝土耐久性试验与分析

试验研究以本地化的材料,针对寒区桥面铺装这一特殊应用领域要求进行低掺聚丙烯纤维混凝土配合比设计及优选。然后对不同掺入量组成的低掺聚丙烯纤维混凝土的冻融循环、冻融-氯盐共同作用下的耐久性试验研究,并对试验结果进行分析评价。     

Seismic response of continuous span bridges through fiber-based finite element analysis

1 Introduction Older design codes based on equivalent elastic force approaches proved to be ineffective in preventing damage caused by destructive earthquakes. After recent major earthquakes (e.g. Northridge 1994, Kobe 1995, and Kocaeli 1999 etc.), the necessity for using more accurate methods, which explicitly account for geometrical nonlinearities and material inelasticity, to evaluate seismic demand on structures, became evident. Within this framework, two analysis tools are currently offe…     

复合墙板计算模型与试点工程动力特性分析

本文将均质化理论引入混凝土灌芯纤维增强石膏板(简称复合墙板)的计算。建立了复合墙板的代表性体积单元(RVE)模型,应用有限元分析程序ANSYS对此RVE模型进行模拟,获得其等效弹性常数,为结构的有限元计算提供了有效途径。对一复合墙板结构试点工程进行动力特性测试,测试结果与均质化的计算结果比较吻合,表明这种模型用于计算复合墙板结构的可行性。最后将复合墙板结构与钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的动力反应特性进行了比较,结果表明复合墙板结构具有优于钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构的抗震性能。     

Structural and nonstructural performance of a seismically isolated building using stable unbonded fiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolators

Stable unbonded fiber‐reinforced elastomeric isolators (SU‐FREIs) exhibit a characteristic horizontal softening and stiffening response, similar to other adaptive devices such as the triple friction pendulum and sliding systems with variable curvature. The transition between the softening and stiffening occurs at a displacement corresponding to a unique deformation known as full rollover. In this paper, the full rollover displacement of SU‐FREIs is altered by using modified support geometry (MSG), a geometric modification of the upper and lower supports applied to tailor the hysteresis loops of the isolator. Experimental results are used to calibrate a numerical model of a base‐isolated structure. The model demonstrates that the stiffening regime provides minimal restraint against displacements during events that meet or exceed the maximum considered earthquake. A parametric study revealed that the level of stiffening required to restrain displacements during large events is significant. This increase in stiffness is reflected in an increase in the response of the structure and light nonstructural components. Full rollover and MSG is considered advantageous to maintain horizontal stability and provide control over the stiffening of SU‐FREIs. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青藏冻结粉土与玻璃钢接触面本构模型研究

冻土与构筑物基础接触面的本构模型是分析冻土区构筑物与冻土相互作用、评价工程安全稳定性的基础和关键.为了降低切向冻胀力对基础的上拔作用,防止发生冻拔失稳破坏,青海-西藏±400 kV直流联网工程基础广泛采用玻璃钢覆盖基础表面,以消减冻胀力.为了合理描述玻璃钢与冻土接触面力学特性,采用应变直剪仪开展了青藏冻结粉土与玻璃钢基础接触面直剪试验,获取了不同冻结温度条件下接触面剪应力-位移曲线,分析总结了接触面的强度变化规律和受力变形特性,基于试验得到的接触面本构规律建立了耦合温度效应的冻结粉土与玻璃钢基础接触面剪切应力-位移关系.模型预测结果与试验结果的比较表明,预测结果与试验结果吻合良好,该模型能够较好的描述接触面的力学特性.