川藏公路某滑坡抗滑桩工程效果的有限元后评价

在对川藏公路二郎山k2730段Ⅰ# 滑坡及其抗滑结构现场调研的基础上,依据预应力锚索抗滑桩中桩土相互作用特征引入接触单元,并改进了PCEP2D有限元软件,将滑坡和抗滑桩结构相互作用作为整体,对桩体位移、桩身弯矩、锚固段桩体接触单元应力分布做了分析。与传统计算方法、实际监测资料进行对比,结果表明,该滑坡治理工程效果较好。     

重力球面外部校正技术

山区重力勘探中，重力外部校正是重力勘探料处理和解释的前提，其内容包括地形校正、中间层校正等。本文在分析常规外部校正方法的基础上，提出了一套适合于山区重力勘探的球面地形校正及有限球壳中间层校正方法，并严格推出了球面地形校正公式。对中国南方ZJJ地区重力资料处理结果表明，该方法提高了地形校正的精度，使山区重力资料品质达到或接近平原区的水平。     

张衡地动仪的外形需要重新复原

目前,中国最流行的王振铎1951年复原的地动仪模型,不仅工作原理和内部结构不对,其外形也是错误的。这个外形既不符合中国古代文献记载,也不符合考古发现的汉代文物,更被灵台遗址的考古发掘结果所否定。因此,不能继续用这个模型的外形再进行广泛的社会宣传。重新复原已是不可阻档的历史潮流。坚持不改,拖延下去,会有损于中国古代文化乃至今天中国的形象。在重新复原时,对于模型的整体外形、蟾蜍、龙以及其他装饰的处理问题,提出了应该遵循的3个原则。     

深埋岩溶隧道限量排放条件下衬砌外水压力研究

针对深埋岩溶隧道衬砌外水压力展开研究,根据隧道排水量和衬砌水压力模型的理论推导,结合试验进行分析。结果表明,衬砌上水压在采取排水措施后随排水量的增加而减小;但是当注浆材料渗透系数降低到1.65×10-6 m/s、注浆厚度到55 cm后,衬砌上水压随注浆范围的增大变化已经不太明显,说明注浆半径的选取有一个合理范围。注浆圈可以起到控制排水的作用,当给定了隧道某一段的合理排放量以后,就可以确定注浆的范围和注浆水平。      

激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱准确测定锆石中钛的含量

外标物质及内标元素的选择是激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)准确测定元素含量的关键因素之一。文章选用玻璃标准参考物质NIST 610、GSE-1G、BHVO-2G、BCR-2G、ATHO-G、KL2-G和T1-G作为外标,Si或Zr作为内标,对锆石M257中的Ti进行LA-ICP-MS微区原位测定。结果显示,选择Si或Zr作内标,采用BCR-2G、ATHO-G、KL2-G和T1-G作外标时,Ti含量测定值与参考值之间差异均较大,因此它们不适合作外标物质。采用BHVO-2G作外标和Si作内标,NIST 610作外标和Zr作内标,Ti含量测定值与参考值之间的差异均小于4%,因此BHVO-2G和NIST 610可有条件地作为外标物质。选择Si还是Zr作内标,GSE-1G作外标时,Ti含量的测定值与参考值之间的差异均小于3%,说明GSE-1G是较为合适的外标物质。选用GSE-1G作为外标,Si作内标,对5个标准锆石中的Ti含量进行了测定,结果显示,Ti元素在锆石91500中分布不均匀,而在锆石GJ-1、M257、PENGLAI和MUDTANK中分布均匀。在Ti元素分布均匀的GJ-1、M257、PENGLAI和MUDTANK等4个锆石中,由于Ti的含量均小于5μg/g,不适合作为锆石中Ti元素测定用的外标物质,但可作为测定时的质量监控样品。     

γ场理论计算方法在矿山核辐射环境监测中的应用探讨

通过使用γ场理论计算方法计算某矿山γ场辐射剂量,探索了γ场理论计算方法在计算矿山辐射剂量方面的可行性。试验结果表明,应用γ场理论计算方法计算的某矿山γ场辐射剂量率误差较小,该方法可用于矿山核辐射环境监测。     

Forcing of large-scale cycles of coastal change at the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington

Anomalous morphological features within large estuaries may be: (1) recorders of external forces that periodically overwhelm the normal morphodynamic responses to estuarine energy fluxes, and (2) possible predictors of cycles of future coastal change. At the entrance to Willapa Bay, Washington, chronic beach erosion and frequent coastal flooding are related to the historical northward channel migration that destroyed the protective sand spits of Cape Shoalwater. Northward channel migration since the late 1800s conforms to the long-term net sediment transport direction. What requires explanation is periodic southward relocation of the trunk channel by as much as 5 km, and attendant construction of moderately large sand spits on the north side of the bay such as Kindred Island, Tokeland Peninsula, and Cape Shoalwater.Both autocyclic and allocyclic processes may have been responsible for trunk channel realignment and associated spit deposition. Channel recycling may occur when the main channel becomes overextended to the north and the tidal flow is inefficient because of its decreased gradient and increased susceptibility to shoaling by the growth and migration of tidal sand ridges. Under those conditions trunk channel relocation would be facilitated by increased wave heights and water levels of El Niño winter storms. However, co-seismic subsidence is the most likely mechanism for abruptly increasing sand supply and longshore transport that would favor discrete periods of channel relocation and spit deposition. Unless external forcing changes sand supply and predominant sediment transport directions in the future, the relative rise in sea level, frequent winter storms, and local deficit in the sand budget assure that beach erosion will continue at the mouth of this large estuary.     

Si2O2 molecule: structure of ground state and the excited properties under different external electric fields

Geometry and vibrational frequencies of the ground state of Si₂O₂ molecule are studied using density function theory (DFT) at the level of cc-pvtz and 6-311++G^**. It is found that the optimizing value by B3lyp/cc-pvtz is closer to the experimental data. The excited properties under different external electric fields are also investigated by the time-dependent-DFT method. Transitions from the ground state of Si₂O₂ molecule to the first singlet state under different external electric fields can take place more easily. The corresponding absorption spectral line is about 360 nm in wavelength and the excitation energy is about 3.4 eV.     

预应力锚索在边坡加固中方位角的确定

根据预应力锚索在边坡加固中的作用机理,结合工程实例讨论了确定预应力锚索方位２角时应考虑的因素,并介绍了方位角的确定过程。     

阿坝州壤塘地区天然放射性水平评价

利用γ能谱仪对阿坝州壤塘地区的天然放射性核素进行了现场测量,计算了内、外照射指数、γ照射量率和γ外照射有效剂量,并对该地区进行了天然放射性水平评价。研究结果显示,该地区γ照射量率平均值(100.07Gy/h),高于全国(81.5nGy/h)和世界(80nGy/h)的平均值,但内、外照射指数、γ照射量率和γ外照射有效剂量都在国家限量标准控制的范围内。由于地表水对放射性元素具有富集和运移作用,所以在断裂带附近的放射性水平相对偏高。目前,壤塘地区的天然放射性水平在安全的范围内,适合人类的居住和生活。