蒸发波导环境下风浪对电磁波传播影响的数值模拟研究

蒸发波导是一种特殊的大气波导,在其中传播的电磁波信号会被陷获在近海大气层中,实现超视距传播。受海表面温度、湿度、风速、微波频率等因素的影响,海洋蒸发波导环境中的微波传播特性起伏变化很大,规律十分复杂。以往的工作主要通过计算这些气象因素对蒸发波导条件下大气折射率剖面的影响来分析它们对路径损失的作用,其结果与实验数据仍有较大差异。本文在一定的蒸发波导条件下,利用一维分形海面模型产生海面"地形",将其作为抛物方程电磁波传播模型的边界条件进行计算,得到相应的路径损失,并与传统计算方法进行对比,分析了不同蒸发波导高度、不同频率及不同接收天线高度时的数值模拟情况,可为舰艇通信系统或者雷达系统的设计提供相应的依据。     

基于ANUSPLIN的京津冀区域逐日气温格点数据集建立方法研究

为建立一个高精度、高空间分辨率的逐日气温格点数据集,满足公共气象服务对于精确信息及实时信息的需要,利用2018年6—8月京津冀区域以及临近省区共3 974个国家级及区域气象观测站质控后的逐日气温资料,采用ANUSPLIN软件对逐日气温数据进行空间内插,得到了京津冀区域逐日气温格点数据集(0.01°×0.01°),并分别利用反距离权重插值法、普通克里金插值法、样条函数法对逐日气温数据进行空间插值,采用相关系数(Corr)、平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)等作为评估指标来检验插值精度。结果表明:1) ANUSPLIN软件满足了空间插值对精度及曲面平滑度的要求,能直观体现京津冀区域气温由北向南递增的空间分布特征; 2) 4种插值方法中,基于ANUSPLIN软件的插值结果最优,相关系数平均达0.97,其样本误差在1℃之内占比为90.59%,MAE为0.46℃,MRE为1.81%; 3)插值误差较大的区域位于冀北高原、燕山丘陵及太行山脉一带,高海拔、低站点密度等是造成插值误差的主要原因。基于ANUSPLIN插值方法建立的逐日气温格点数据集具有分辨率高、空间插值误差小的优势,ANUSPLIN对气温的空间分布具有较好的预测能力。     

三次样条插值在浮性频率计算中的应用

在普遍利用海洋观测站标准层的温度、盐度数据估算稳定层化海水浮性频率的传统算法中引入自然三次样条插植方法，不仅可使计算结果的精度得以提高，而且还可方便地对观测深度范围内的任一水层进行插值，从而获得总体曲率最小的温度、盐度和浮性频率随深度的分布。本文以南海（13°30’N，118°30’E；9°30’N，lll°30’E）及北太平洋（40°00’N130°00’W）3个测站为例，说明了在浮性频率的传统算法中引入自然三次样条插值法的可行性。     

Triple diagram method for the prediction of wave height and period

Many formulations have been developed so far to predict the wave height and period from fetch length and wind blowing duration for a constant wind speed. This study aimed to predict wave parameters from fetch length and meteorological factors by using triple diagram methodology based on Kriging principles. Proposed model results were compared with Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) model which is used so commonly in the ocean and coastal engineering studies. For the implementation of the methodology hourly wave and wind data were obtained from a buoy located in Lake Ontario. Numerical and graphical comparisons demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms the classical formulation.     

A Compact Explicit Difference Scheme of High Accuracy for Extended Boussinesq Equations

Presented here is a compact explicit difference scheme of high accuracy for solving the extended Boussinesq equations.For time discretization,a three-stage explicit Runge-Kutta method with TVD property is used at predicting stage,a cubic spline function is adopted at correcting stage,which made the time discretization accuracy up to fourth order;For spatial discretization,a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order accuracy is employed.The extended Boussinesq equations derived by Beji and Nadaoka are solved by the proposed scheme.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data.At the same time,the comparisons of the two numerical results between the present scheme and low accuracy difference method are made,which further show the necessity of using high accuracy scheme to solve the extended Boussinesq equations.As a valid sample,the wave propagation on the rectangular step is formulated by the present scheme,the modelled results are in better agreement with the experimental data than those of Kittitanasuan.     

导航雷达近海回波图像丢帧内插技术研究

研究了在连续的X波段导航雷达图像序列中丢失一帧图像状态下的一种快速修复算法.该算法主要采用基于运动估计与运动补偿的视频序列修复技术进行插帧修复.具体步骤是根据雷达图像中像素点的运动特点,采用改进的三步搜索算法并结合双向运动估计进行搜索,然后对矢量场进行后续处理,最后内插出重建帧.为了提高图像修复的精度,还引入了亚像素运...     

Prediction of Load Carrying Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam

A novel method for prediction of the load carrying capacity of a corroded reinforced concrete beam (CRCB) is presented in the paper. Nine reinforced concrete beams, which had been working in an aggressive environment for more than 10 years, were tested in the laboratory. Comprehensive tests, including flexural test, strength test for corroded concrete and rusty rebar, and pullout test for bond strength between concrete and rebar, were condueted. The flexural test results of CRCBs reveal that the distribution of surface cracks on the beams shows a fractal behavior. The relationship between the fractal dimensions and mechanical properties of CRCBs is then studied. A prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is established by the use of the fractal dimension as the corrosion index, together with the basic intbrmation of the beam. The validity of the prediction model is demonstrated through the experimental data, and satisfactory resuits are achieved.     

中国海岸线分维及其性质研究

根据分形理论,系统研究了中国海岸线分维及其性质。得出了基本结论：(1)中国海岸线的分形结构客观存在,在1：2500000地图上标定中国大陆海岸线长度的分形关系式为lgL=-3．9929-O．1597lgr(式中,L为中国大陆海岸线长度;r为测量标度);(2)使用量规法与网格法计算出中国大陆海岸线分维分别为1．1597和1．0707,台湾岛海岸线分维分别为1．0381和1．0025,等等;(3)进行海岸线分维横纵向比较,应遵循相同的分维计算方法。对于同一条海岸线而言,用量规法所得分维大干用网格法所得分维,且用量规法所得分维相对较大,则根据网格法所得分维亦相对较大;(4)在中国海岸线量规法与网格法分维计算结果之间可以建立关系式Dd=2．5932Db-1．5363(式中,Db为根据网格法计算所得分维;Dd为根据量规法计算所得分维);(5)随着从渤海到南海(由北至南)的空间变化,中国各大海域海岸线分维显现出一个由北至南逐渐变大的趋势,而海岸带物质组成、生物、气候等因素的南北变化或差异是导致中国海岸线分维南北空间变化的内在原因;(6)整个中国大陆海岸线的分维并不等于其组成部分分维的算术平均值;(7)台湾岛海岸线受到了断层系的强烈影响,这可能是台湾岛(东部)海岸线分维较小的内在机制所在。     

宏观尺度下基岩海岸岸线分形机制研究--以中国基岩海岸为例

在跟踪国际、国内海岸线分形研究进展的基础上,以中国基岩海岸为例,对宏观尺度下构造对基岩海岸岸线走向、形状与分维大小的影响进行了研究,基本结论为：在宏观尺度下,构造在总体上控制着福建与台湾基岩海岸岸线的基本走向与分维大小,构造分维相对较大则其对该区域海岸线的控制作用相对较强,而区域海岸线分维相对较小;当构造分维相对较小则其对该区域海岸线的控制作用相对较弱,而区域海岸线分维相对较大。     

广西沿岸海平面变化的关联维数研究

采用相空间重构和关联维数方法，研究了广西沿岸月平均海平面变化的分形特征，结果表明，相空间重构的延迟时间τ为3△t，当关联维数趋于饱和时，石头埠，北海和龙尾的相空间维数为7，而涠洲岛为9，它们的关联维数平均值平均值分别为6.6507,6.5414,6.7059.