地震作用对轻轨铁路车桥系统耦合振动的影响

本文分析地震作用对考虑土-结构相互作用的轻轨铁路车桥系统耦合振动的影响。文中建立了车桥系统考虑土-结构相互作用的三维空间模型，推导了考虑地震作用车桥系统的耦合振动方程，并编制了相应的计算程序。以时速100km的列车通过天津轻轨的一座四跨预应力混凝土连续刚构桥为例，对受天津波和El Centro波地震作用的车桥系统的耦合振动响应进行了仿真分析。结果表明：地震作用下车桥系统的耦合振动响应近似为桥梁地震响应与车桥系统耦合振动响应之和；地震作用对车桥系统横桥向耦合振动响应的影响最大，对竖向耦合振动响应的影响较小，而对顺桥向耦合振动响应的影响甚微；且不同地震波激励的影响程度有所不同。由此得出结论，地震作用与车桥系统的耦合振动存在很大程度的耦合，因此，在对高架桥梁上的轻轨铁路进行车桥耦合振动分析时必须考虑地震作用的影响，以保证列车运行的安全性和稳定性。     

Modal model identification of structures under unmeasured seismic excitations

Techniques developed for structural identification of a structural model are typically based on information regarding the response and the forcing actions. However, in some situations it can be necessary, or simply useful, to refer only to the measured responses. In this paper we describe a technique suitable for identifying the modal model of a spatial frame in the frequency domain when the seismic input is unknown both in time contents and direction. In some previous theoretical works we established that this identification problem has a unique solution when at least three time‐history responses are known. Here numerical techniques are developed which allow the evaluation of the modal quantities in practice. Numerical applications are carried out on plane and spatial framed structures by using a modal model which may be complete, including all the structure's modes, or incomplete, including only the lowest modes. In most cases the obtained results are satisfactory. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bound of earthquake input energy to soil–structure interaction systems

A new critical excitation method is developed for soil–structure interaction systems. In contrast to previous studies considering amplitude nonstationarity only, no special constraint of input motions is needed on nonstationarity. The input energy to the soil–structure interaction system during an earthquake is introduced as a new measure of criticality. It is demonstrated that the input energy expression can be of a compact form via the frequency integration of the product between the input component (Fourier amplitude spectrum) and the structural model component (so-called energy transfer function). With the help of this compact form, it is shown that the formulation of earthquake input energy in the frequency domain is essential for solving the critical excitation problem and deriving a bound on the earthquake input energy for a class of ground motions. The extension of the concept to MDOF systems is also presented.     

垦东地区海陆过渡带地震采集技术应用

分析了垦东地区海陆过渡带勘探的难点,针对地震波激发和接收条件差、干扰波发育等特点,在海陆过渡带地震波的激发、接收以及测量等方面进行研究:优选了气枪震源和炸药震源激发参数;改进了检波器及检波器固定方法,从而提高了检波器与地表的耦合效果;对检波器进行实时定位监测。采用上述措施,提高了地震采集资料的信噪比和分辨率,顺利完成了该区的地震采集任务。     

碳酸盐岩出露区地震资料采集激发方式探讨

南方海相勘探区地表普遍存在着碳酸盐岩裸露区的问题,而碳酸盐岩自身的物性条件严格限制了激发有效能量的产生、传播和接收,致使碳酸盐岩裸露区的地震资料品质大都很差。虽然影响碳酸盐岩出露区地震资料品质的因素很多,但激发能量的下传问题应该是碳酸盐岩出露区资料采集需要首先解决的问题。在研究碳酸盐岩激发原理的基础上,在地表条件允许的情况下优选可控震源激发及多井组合激发,可获取较高信噪比资料,这些采集方法均在南方碳酸盐岩裸露区的地震采集中取得了较好的效果。     

上海城市水网地区电火花震源地震探测隐伏断裂的应用探索

人工地震勘探是目前公认最为有效的城市地区隐伏断裂探测手段之一,但其受限于激发震源和城市高干扰环境背景,在高度城市化区域往往难以获取良好的地震勘探资料。文章通过利用上海市城市水网发育的优势,在大治河水域开展大功率电火花震源激发方式的地震探测,对电火花震源激发能量、放电水深、不同震源的地震成像效果等对比试验,获得了上海地区内河水域（大治河东段）最佳地震勘探激发参数,确认了在城市水网开展电火花震源激发地震勘探方式的有效性。与其他常规激发方式相比,电火花激发地震勘探资料具有较高的信噪比,并且可以达到较深的勘探深度,对城市地区隐伏断裂探测具有良好效果。      

过盖层断裂的垂向封闭性预测方法及其在冀中坳陷中的应用

为了研究含油气盆地断裂发育区油气纵向分布规律,在不同方向运移油气过盖层断裂的垂向封闭机制研究的基础上,通过比较泥岩盖层断接厚度与其油源断裂或输导断裂在泥岩盖层内分段生长连接所需的最大断接厚度的相对大小,建立了一套不同方向运移油气过盖层断裂垂向封闭性的预测方法,并将其分别应用于渤海湾盆地冀中凹陷留楚地区东二、三段垂向运移油气过东一、二段泥岩盖层断裂垂向封闭性和文安斜坡沙二段侧向运移油气过沙一段底部泥岩盖层断裂垂向封闭性的预测中,结果表明:留楚地区东二、三段垂向运移油气过东一、二段泥岩盖层断裂垂向不封闭区主要分布在北部留楚背斜核部局部地区和西南广大地区,其余地区为过盖层断裂垂向封闭区。文安斜坡沙二段侧向运移油气过沙一段底部泥岩盖层断裂垂向不封闭区主要分布在东部和中部地区,其余地区为过盖层断裂垂向封闭区。与目前留楚地区东一段、馆陶组和文安斜坡区沙一段已发现油气分布相吻合,表明该方法用于预测不同方向运移油气过盖层断裂的垂向封闭性是可行的。     

Two drifting paths of Sargassum bloom in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea during 2019-2020

The macroalgal blooms of floating brown algae Sargassum horneri are increasing in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea during the past few years. However, the annual pattern of Sargassum bloom is not well characterized. To study the developing pattern and explore the impacts from hydro-meteorologic environment, high resolution satellite imageries were used to monitor the distribution, coverage and drifting of the pelagic Sargassum rafts in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea from September 2019 to Au...     

弹性波逆时偏移中的稳定激发振幅成像条件

本文针对弹性波逆时偏移,提出稳定的激发振幅成像条件.在震源波场的正向传播过程中,计算每个网格点的能量,并保存最大能量密度的时刻和相应的波场值;在检波器波场的逆时传播过程中,在每个网格点提取最大能量密度时刻的检波器波场值,并利用保存的最大能量震源波场做归一化,获得角度依赖的反射系数成像剖面.相比于归一化互相关成像条件,该成像条件在震源波场的正向传播过程中无需存储波场快照,节省大量磁盘空间和I/O吞吐任务,提高了计算效率;相比于弹性波的激发时间成像条件,该成像条件自动校正了水平分量在震源两侧的极性反转,在多炮叠加时避免振幅损失.数值试验表明,与归一化成像条件相比,稳定激发振幅成像条件具有更小的计算量,偏移剖面的低频假象更弱,水平分量的成像能力更优,具有更高的空间分辨率.