Online location of seismic damage to a water distribution system

As one of the most important urban lifeline systems, a water distribution system can be damaged under a strong earthquake, and the damage cannot easily be located, especially immediately after the event. This often causes tremendous difficulties to post-earthquake emergency response and recovery activities. This paper proposes a methodology to locate seismic damage to a water distribution system by monitoring watcr head online at some nodes in the water distribution system. An artificial neural network-based inverse analysis method is developed to estimate the water head variations at all nodes that are not monitored based on the water head variations at the nodes that are monitored. The methodology provides a quick, effective, and practical way to locate seismic damage to a water distribution system.     

乌鲁木齐遥测地震台网和新疆地震台网的地震定位与分析

利用新疆地震台网和乌鲁木齐遥测地震台网在乌鲁木齐地区１００ｋｍ范围内１９９３年６月至１９９３年１２月１０日各自定位的地震资料，以新疆地震台网为参考基准，将乌鲁木齐遥测地震台网的资料与其进行了对比。对比发现遥测地震台网比新疆地震台网在地震数量上多３２．９％，在定位精度上也相对要高一些。另外，根据地震定位的三种交切结果，分析了遥测台网地震定位现状。     

21世纪初长江干流地区经济持续发展的战略思考

长期以来长江干流地区始终承担着全国工业化主体发动机的作用。随着国家工业化及城市化进程的加快,21世纪初长江干流地区的这种作用还将得到明显增强。作为全国人地关系最为紧张的地区之一,长江干流地区需从自身特点出发,合理调整地区产业结构和布局方向,以期真正担负起国家和民族发展所赋予的历史使命。     

The current status ofAtriplexon the Cape Verde Islands

Extensive areas of low lying coastal plains on Santiago Island, Republic of Cape Verde, are virtually devoid of natural vegetation. Of many introduced trees and shrubs, onlyAtriplexspecies have been found to thrive. Several plantations have been established during the past 15 years by the Cape Verde Government, FAO and other agricultural development groups. Results from these, together with local perceptions, indicate that although growth and survival are good, the primary objective of providing forage is not being met, owing to the unpalatability ofAtriplexto local stock. In recent field trials, severalAtriplexspecies showed good growth, but none were browsed and survival was quite poor, with onlyA. undulata(65%) andA. canescens(100%) exceeding 60% survival. Forage analysis identified high salt content in all species tested, and the highest protein content was found inA. glauca(16%),A. vesicaria(17%) andA. canescens(20%), which also had the lowest salt levels.Atriptex canescenswas identified as worthy of further introduction. An establishedA. halimusplantation that was observed to be browsed was compared to unbrowsed stands in terms of forage, soil and local drinking water analyses. Possible reasons for the unpalatability ofAtriplexto local stock and its resolution are discussed, along with the potential future ofAtriplexon the Cape Verde Islands.     

基于结构分析的线划角点检测

针对线划图影像的特点，设计了一种完整的基于结构分析的角点描述和检测算法，并能给出不同类型角点的标识码     

多维粗差的同时定位与定值

提出了多维粗差同时定位定值的方法（ＬＥＧＥ法），它不仅能确定ｋ个粗差的位置（ｋ≤ｒ－１，ｒ为多余观测数），而且可以同时求出这些粗差的大小，从而开辟了粗差定位定值的一条新途径。     

Multifractal measures of earthquakes in west Taiwan

The generalized fractal dimension for epicentral distribution of earthquakes in west Taiwan is measured. The entire area is first divided into two zones, i.e., north and south zones, after which the two zones are further separated into three subzones for the former and two for the latter. The logC _q (r) versus logr function, whereC _q (r) is the generalized correlation integral andr is the distance between two epicenters, shows that a linear relation between logC _q and logr exists in the range ofr smaller thanr _c . The value ofr _c is 25 km for the north zone, 40 km for the south and 12 km for the three north subzones. The valuesr _c =25 and 40 km are almost the smallest ones of the width of epicentral distributions of the north and south zones, respectively. The value ofr _c =12 km for the three north subzones is approximately the smallest size of the cluster of epicenters. For the plots of two south subzones, the pattern of data points does not bend in the range ofr in consideration, and, thus, there is not such a critical radius. TheD _q –q relations forq=0, 1, 2,..., 15 are constructed for the two zones and five subzones. Results show significant multifractality and a spatial variation in multifractality for epicentral distributions of earthquakes in west Taiwan.     

数字观测时代的全球三维结构与地震定位研究

概述了地震学观测研究取得的地球内部结构的一些基本认识，并介绍了在数字地震观测时代，地震层析成像研究取得的一些进展，如敏感性分析、结构和定位联合反演、非线性反演和非规则的参量化方法等。同时就地震学的传统定位问题，概述了利用地震走时进行地球深部结构反演所涉及的一些基本问题，即数据资料、模型参量化、反演计算和敏感性分析中的具体细节问题。中就国际地学界近年来利用三维结构开展地震定位研究的动向，从地震精定位在地震成核、精细地质结构刻画、核查和震源破裂过程研究等方面的应用研究角度，希望在中国能尽快推进相应的地震精度定位工作。     

岫岩-海城MS 5.4地震序列空间分布特征的探讨

岫岩－海城Ms5.4地震序列分布范围较为集中，用平时使用的定位软件难以给出较为精确的地震参数。本文采用相对定位方法，利用辽宁遥测数字地震台网的数字记录资料，对整个序列ML≥2．0的地震进行了精确定位，并对整个地震序列的空间分布特征进行了探讨与研究。