A STUDY ON REGIONAL DIFFERENCE OF CHINA＇S PAID URBAN LANDUSE SYSTEM AND GRADING

董黎明，李向明，冯长春ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＲＥＧＩＯＮＡＬＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＣＥＯＦＣＨＩＮＡ＇ＳＰＡＩＤＵＲＢＡＮＬＡＮＤＵＳＥＳＹＳＴＥＭＡＮＤＧＲＡＤＩＮＧ￥ＤｏｎｇＬｉｍｉｎｇ；ＬｉＸｉａｎｇｍｉｎｇ；ＦｅｎｇＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎ（ＰｅｋｉｎｇＵｎｉ...     

SOFTWARE REVIEWS

software reviews are in this article MACATLAS . Number Cruncher Statistical System (NCSS) TRANSPRO FIRE-ROUTER     

EXTERNAL CONTROL OF NONMETROPOLITAN INDUSTRY IN KENTUCKY

The organizational separation of management and other quaternary activities from production operations in American manufacturing has resulted in a divergent pattern of production and headquarter locations. We examine the external control relationships that arise from this separation between headquarter location and branch plant operations in nonmetropolitan Kentucky. Although corporate headquarters have diffused to the Sunbelt, no shift was found in the corporate control of branch plants in Kentucky. Nonmetropolitan manufacturing in Kentucky was oriented toward the metropolitan centers of the traditional manufacturing belt rather than the newer corporate centers of the South. Also control relationships are more likely to be local among smaller factories. Large plants having more autonomy in production or producing finished goods were more likely to be owned by a distant firm located in a large SMSA.     

Treatment of ground-motion predictive relationships for the reference seismic hazard map of Italy

In the framework of the 2004 reference seismic hazard map of Italy the amplitude of the strong-motion (expressed in terms of Peak Horizontal Acceleration with 10% probability of non-exceedence in 50 years, referred to average hard ground conditions) was computed using different predictive relationships. Equations derived in Italy and in Europe from strong-motion data, as well as a set of weak and strong-motion based empirical predictive relationships were employed in a logic tree procedure, in order to capture the epistemic uncertainty affecting ground-motion attenuation. This article describes the adjustments and conversions required to eliminate the incompatibilities amongst the relations. Particularly significant are distance conversions and style-of-faulting adjustments, as well as the problems related to the use of regional relations, such as the selection of a reference depth, the quantification of random variability and the strong-motion prediction. Moreover, a regional attenuation relationship specific for volcanic areas was also employed, allowing a more realistic evaluation of seismic hazard, as confirmed by the attenuation of macroseismic intensities.     

Ab-initio calculations of the proton location in topaz-OH,Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>SiO<Subscript>4</Subscript>(OH)<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The position of hydrogen in the structure of topaz-OH was determined by means of ab-initio quantum-mechanic calculations. Static lattice energy calculations predict the existence of four non-equivalent positions of protons, which are characterized by O4–H1... O1, O4–H2... O2, O4–H3... O3 and O4–H4... O4 hydrogen bonds. The distribution of the protons between positions of local equilibrium is controlled by the proton–proton avoidance rule and the strength of the hydrogen bonds. The most favourable configuration of hydrogen atoms is achieved for adjacent protons, which form O4–H3... O3 and O4–H4... O4 hydrogen bonds, respectively. The thermal excitation of atoms at a temperature of 55 K is large enough for the hydrogen atoms occasionally to change their positions to form O4–H1... O1 and O4–H2... O2 bonds. At ambient pressures and higher temperatures the protons are in a dynamic exchange between the allowed positions of local minima. As a consequence, for nearly room-temperature conditions, the dynamic change between different structural configurations leads to the violation of all possible symmetry elements and with that to space group #E5/E5#1. The flipping of the protons between different sites is achieved by simple rotation of the OH-dipole and does not produce any significant distortion of the framework of topaz, whose symmetry remains that of the space group Pbnm. Therefore, no reduction of symmetry has been observed in former X-ray studies on topaz-OH. Calculated IR absorption spectra of topaz-OH were found to be in good agreement with measured spectra. According to the calculations, the two favourable configurations of protons might correspond to the measured peak splitting within the OH-stretching range. An experimentally observed low-frequency band at 3520 cm^–1 was assigned to the OH-stretching of the O4–H3... O3 bond, while the band at 3600 cm^–1 was attributed to OH-stretching of the O4–H4... O4 hydrogen bond. The broad peak in FAR-IR frequency range at 100–150 cm^–1 is attributed to the stretching of H3... O3 and H4... O4 contacts. The rate of proton exchange at 670 K among different sites was estimated by ab-inito molecular dynamic simulations. The calculations predict that flipping of adjacent protons between O4–H3... O3 and O4–H4... O4 bonds at 670 K occur at a rate of about 1.96 THz.     

Canny算子对人工标志中心的亚像素精度定位

在使用圆型人工标志的计算机视觉检测中,人工标志的识别率和中心定位精度直接影响到检测的整体精度.传统的中心定位算法对人工标志识别率低、中心定位精度差,已不能满足精密检测的要求.文中采用Canny算子对带有圆形人工标志的数字图像进行边缘分割,通过模式识别方法、最小二乘拟合方法计算人工标志中心.该方法解决了标志识别率低的问题,提高了标志图像中心定位精度.其精度可达到亚像素级,能够满足高精度计算机视觉测量的要求.     

利用梯阶中值选址模型进行区域机场群布局适应性研究

研究了中值选址模型和梯阶选址问题,提出了利用梯阶中值选址模型的区域机场群选址布局模型,并对广东省机场群布局的适应性进行了实证研究。在模型实验中,应用地理信息技术对模型进行了计算,结果说明了该模型及模型计算方法对区域机场群选址规划的应用价值。     

智能移动终端:GIS应用的新天地

短短几年间智能移动终端的极大流行,将我们的生活快速推进到智能移动网络时代,也为基于桌面系统以及服务器的网络GIS应用,提供了一个新的发展天地。本文通过分析智能移动终端的发展阐述了移动应用服务的发展潜力,并介绍了移动应用的现状、种类、应用需求和技术构成。     

基于城市竞争力的资源型城市空间布局研究

在总结已有的界定原则基础上,对中国资源型城市进行了界定和划分,确定了51个地级市及以上资源型城市,并从地理空间和城市竞争力的角度分析了这些城市的在空间位置上的分布规律。研究发现,我国资源型城市大多分布在中西部和偏北地区,而城市竞争力排名靠前的城市,无论在资源类型还是地理区位条件上都有着很明显的共性。可见地理区位因素隐藏在资源禀赋背后,对城市发展有着显著的影响。