北半球夏季副热带西风急流变异及其对东亚夏季风气候异常的影响

探讨了东亚地区副热带西风急流(EAJS)位置的年际 变化特征、影响及其可能机制. EAJS南北变动的影响主要集中在亚澳季风区和气候平均的北 半球副热带西风急流轴的南北两侧,这与SOI或ENSO相联系的大气环流响应很不相同,后者的 影响主要表现在中、东太平洋上. 北半球副热带西风急流存在着两个显著不同的模态,其中 一个模态反映的是亚太尤其是东亚地区的西风急流的南北变异,另一个模态出现在150°E～1 20°W的中、东太平洋上. 它们分别联系着不同的太平洋海温异常分布,但都能对夏季200hPa 南亚高压的强度产生影响,尤其是南亚高压的东部,从而可以对我国东部夏季旱涝灾害的形成 产生作用.     

橡胶座非线性弹性拉伸特性的理论和试验研究

本文系统地研究分析了橡胶隔震支座(简称橡胶座)拉伸相关的基础理论,提出了原点拉伸纵弹性模量、拉伸刚度因子、原点拉伸刚度、偏拉原点刚度等基本概念,还提出了计算橡胶座非线性段拉伸刚度的双刚度和原点拉伸刚度应力应变模型等理论。基于原点拉伸刚度和偏拉原点刚度,提出了预测橡胶座的拉伸变形量计算理论。针对新提出的基本概念和计算理论采用低弹性天然橡胶和铅芯橡胶座原型试件进行了试验研究工作,结果表明本文建立的计算理论能够较理想地定量分析橡胶座拉伸相关的刚度和变形特性。     

压力型锚杆锚固段的应力分布规律研究

根据Kelvin解,推导了压力型锚杆锚固段的弹性黏结应力和正应力分布方程。在推导过程中,考虑了三向应力状态对锚固段黏结应力的提高作用。经过与现场试验实测数据的对比分析,验证了理论计算公式的可靠性。采用软质岩体条件下的参数,对锚固段应力分布进行了计算,总结了岩石条件下锚固段应力分布特点,并分析了各种岩土参数变化对锚固段应力分布的影响,为压力型锚杆的进一步理论研究和工程实践提供了基础。     

Geometric structure and formation mechanism of Lintong-Chang’an fault zone

The results from investigation of large quantity of fault outcrops and artificial earthquakes suggest that the Lin-tong-Chang’an fault zone mainly consists of two faults. One is the Majie-Nianwan fault that separates a branch of Wangjiabian-Houjiawan fault on the right bank of the Bahe River; the other is the Hujiagou-Shoupazhang fault that separates a branch of Zhongdicun-Tangjiazhai fault in Tongrenyuan and Shaolingyuan. As tensional dip-slip normal faults, the faults distribute with approximately parallel equal intervals in local regions and the profiles drop in a step-like form to the northwest, presenting a Y-shape combination. The result from deep seismic reflection indicates that the fault is about 5~8 km in depth, which is not only a basement fault, but also a listric normal fault in the deep stratum. The Lintong-Chang’an fault is a typical outstretching rift system under the NS-trending ten-sion stress field. At the same time, affected by the sinistral strike slip of the Yuxia-Tieluzi fault, the fault extends like a broom from the northeast to the southwest.     

Stress interactions between normal faults and adjacent strike-slip faults of 1997 Jiashi earthquake swarm

During a 4-month period starting from 21 January, 1997, an earthquake swarm of seven major events (Ms≥6.0) struck the Jiashi region at the northwestern corner of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang,, China. Previous relocation studies suggested that these strong earthquakes had occurred along at least two parallel rupture zones. According to the relocated hypocenters and focal mechanisms of the events, we have constructed fault models for these seven earthquakes to calculate the Coulomb stress changes produced by each of these events. Furthermore, we extended our model calculations to include an ad- jacent 1996 Ms=6.9 Artushi earthquake, which occurred one year before the Jiashi earthquake swarm. Our calculations show that the Coulomb stress change caused by the preceding events was around 0.05 MPa at the hypocenter of the 4th event, and higher than 0.08 MPa at the hypocenters of the 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th events. Our results reveal a Coulomb stress interactive cycle of earthquake triggering between two adjacent normal and strike-slip faults.     

深基坑双排桩支护结构设计计算方法研究

考虑了土压力的空间效应,分析并计算了冠梁对双排桩支护结构的变形协调作用;考虑了滑移面和排距对作用在前后排桩上的土压力的影响,在弹性地基梁法的基础上,提出了一种新的双排桩支护结构设计计算模型。将理论计算结果与工程实测资料进行了对比分析,结果表明应用该计算模型进行计算,能得到有效的计算结果。     

黏性土非线性弹性K-G模型的一种改进方法

为解决《土工试验规程》建议的K-G模型未考虑土体剪缩性问题并保持其简单性,在其基础上增加了一个剪缩模量,建议了一个3模量7参数K-G-D模型,给出了用 和 与 和 表示的完整的增量应力应变关系式;通过正常固结黏土的各向等压固结试验和等平均正应力的三轴压缩排水试验标定了模型参数;进行了黏土的常规三轴压缩排水试验,利用模型参数预测了相应路径下土样的体积与轴向变形,经与实测值对比,预测结果较好。该模型可考虑土体压硬性、剪缩性、应变强化特性,能较完善地描述欠固结和正常固结土及松砂和中密砂在等 和增 路径下的变形特性;模型并未在规程模型的基础上增加试验工作,且概念清晰、形式简单、便于实际应用。     

Influence of structural parameters on dynamic characteristics and wind-induced buffeting responses of a super-long-span cable-stayed bridge

A 3D finite element (FE) model for the Sutong cable-stayed bridge (SCB) is established based on ANSYS. The dynamic characteristics of the bridge are analyzed using a subspace iteration method. Based on recorded wind data, the measured spectra expression is presented using the nonlinear least-squares regression method. Turbulent winds at the bridge site are simulated based on the spectral representation method and the FFT technique. The influence of some key structural parameters and measures on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge are investigated. These parameters include dead load intensity, as well as vertical, lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder. In addition, the influence of elastic stiffness of the connection device employed between the towers and the girder on the vibration mode of the steel box girder is investigated. The analysis shows that all of the vertical, lateral and torsional buffeting displacement responses reduce gradually as the dead load intensity increases. The dynamic characteristics and the structural buffeting displacement response of the SCB are only slightly affected by the vertical and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder, and the lateral and torsional buffeting displacement responses reduce gradually as the lateral stiffness increases. These results provide a reference for dynamic analysis and design of super-long-span cable-stayed bridges.     

大地测量中法方程病态性问题的初探

在大地测量中,法方程病态问题大量存在。由于病态性的存在,致使按最小二乘法解算参数估值精度变差发生扭曲,最终使所得结果不能使用。重点研究奇异值分解法(SVD)和误差转移法解决病态问题的思想、途径、对关键问题的处理、适用范围等。最后通过GPS实测数据来验证这两种方法的有效性,其解算的结果表明:这两种方法能解决法方程病态性问题,且算法简便、易懂,有较强的应用价值。     

Draft effect on wave action with a semi-infinite elastic plate

1Introduction Wave action on coastal and offshore structuresis investigated by many researches. In the recent pa-pers we can seen that Li et al. (2006) developed athree-dimesional(3D) numerical model for obliquewave action on vertical walls, Li et al. (20…