深厚淤泥地基中高路堤桥台基桩工作性状的现场实测与分析

针对位于深厚淤泥地基上的高路堤桥台的冲孔灌注桩,进行了1.5 a的现场实测,测试了修筑承台前、修筑桥台期间、邻近过渡段的路基填土期间、过渡段的路基填土期间及跨梁修筑后的桩身应变和桩侧土体孔隙水压力,也测试了基桩的挠曲变形和桥台的倾斜变形,基于实测结果对基桩的受力变形性状进行研究。结果表明,桥台基桩在承受上部结构荷载以前就产生了压缩变形;在上部桥台和台后填土的共同作用下,桩身前后侧的轴向应变虽都表现为压应变,但应变值相差较大;台后路基填土完成后,桩身最大负弯矩出现在淤泥层浅部,最大正弯矩出现在软硬土层交界处,桥台发生较小倾斜;跨梁的修筑使桥台台身又恢复到竖直状态。     

大亚湾营养物质变异特征

利用大亚湾现场调查和室内模拟数据,以及大亚湾生态网络17～18年8个航次的现场调查资料,采用营养状态质量指数(NQI)的方法评价大亚湾海域富营养化水平,结果表明,大亚湾海域除部分养殖海区为中营养状态外,大部分为贫营养状态;溶解态的无机磷和硅在过去10a多有较大幅度的下降,而溶解态的无机氮、溶解氧和叶绿素a则上升;浮游植物生长由过去认为由氮控制转变为现在由磷控制.分析了养殖海区底层海水、上覆水、沉积物间隙水中营养盐的含量及其化学形态.估算了沉积物-海水界面营养盐扩散通量,NH₄+,NO₂-,NO₃-,HPO₄2-,H₄SiO₄平均通量分别为302.0,-0.06,-1.82,2.53,47.6μmol/(m2·d).室内模拟了天然海水体系表层沉积物营养盐的吸附-解吸及其磷酸盐在沉积物上的吸附等温线.论述了大亚湾海域营养盐与赤潮的关系.     

Effect of Earth''s solid tides on pulsar observations

It is shown that the effect of the solid tide in the Earth's crust is not negligible in the observed period changes ΔP/P and period rate changes of pulsars.     

Anomalous Variation of VLF Signals in the Total Solar Eclipse of 22nd July 2009

Using the sudden ionospheric disturbance (SID) monitor provided by the Stanford University, the very low frequency (VLF) signals were observed in Nanjing during the total solar eclipse on 22nd July 2009. It is found that the intensity of the VLF signal varied anomalously during the total solar eclipse, exhibiting the effect similar to the sunrise and sunset, and that the intensity of the VLF signal strongly fluctuated, exhibiting the effect similar to thunderbolts. Moreover, the signal intensity enhanced in short periods both before and after the total eclipse. Based on the discussion on the reliability of the observed data and the comparison with the previous observations, it is found that the ionosphere exhibits some variations previous to the total solar eclipse.     

北京地震台gPhone重力仪对尼泊尔M8.1强震所激发地球自由振荡的探测

利用北京地震台gPhone重力仪观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,检测2015-04-25尼泊尔M8.1地震激发的0S0～0S60之间的地球球型自由振荡,并与地球初步参考模型(PREM)的理论自由振荡周期进行对比。结果表明,0S2～0S56基频自由振荡的实测周期值与PREM 模型的理论值基本一致,证实了gPhone重力仪能有效检测出地球自由振荡信号。     

论空天地一体化对地观测网络

空天地一体化对地观测网不仅是最具发展前途的高新技术领域之一,也是保障国家安全、经济社会发展的重要基础设施。本文首先全面论述了对地观测网研究的主要理论问题、关键技术、发展现状和趋势;然后,介绍了国产卫星遥感数据的一体化综合快速处理技术,在此基础上论述了广义空间信息网格的概念和内涵;最后指出,需以提供快速、精确和实时的空间信息服务为目标,加快开展对地观测网的理论与技术研究,推进数字地球走向智慧地球的转变。     

Earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature

"La Madre" is a kind of upper atmospheric air current, and occurs as "warm phase" and "cold phase" in the sky of Pacific Ocean alternately. There exists this phenomenon, called "Oscillation Decade in the Pacific" (ODP), for 20～30years. It is concerned with 60 year cycle of the tides. Lunar oscillations explain an intriguing 60-year cycle in the world's temperature. Strong tides increase the vertical mixing of water in the oceans, drawing cold ocean water from the depths to surface, where it cools the atmosphere above. The first strong seismic episode in China was from 1897 to 1912; the second to the fifth was the in1920-1937, 1946-1957, 1966-1980, 1991-2002, tsrectruely. The alternative boundaries of"La Madre" warm phase and cold phase were in 1890, 1924, 1946 and 2000, which were near the boundaries of four strong earthquakes. It indicated the strong earthquakes closedly related with the substances' motion of atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, the change of gravity potential, and the exchange of angular momentum. The strong earthquakes in the ocean bottom can bring the cool waters at the deep ocean up to the ocean surface and make the global climate cold. the earthquake, strong tide and global low temperature are close inrelntion for each othen.     

天津测震台网子台地脉动分析与应用

利用地脉动信号波形数据,计算了天津台网31个地震台站背景噪声水平、地动噪声功率谱,进一步研究了台站观测环境随时间和季节的变化情况,并对整个台网的监测能力进行了重新估算,同时也对天津周边的一些大震前的地脉动进行了分析,希望能捕捉到明显的震前异常变化。     

利用积谱研究气压对SGC053超导重力仪的影响

利用中国地震局武汉九峰地震台SGC053超导重力仪超过13 000小时的重力固体潮和气压观测数据进行相关分析和积谱分析。结果表明：重力残差信号主要是由气压变化引起的,相关分析的气压导纳值为-3.116 nms ^-2/mbar;气压导纳值和频率之间具有依赖性,气压导纳绝对值频率依赖方程为y=7.036x+2.524;利用固定气压导纳值和导纳值频率依赖的方程进行气压改正结果几乎一致,相差不超过±(1~2) nms^-2_。     

利用LS+AR模型和激发函数预报地球自转参数

分别采用LS+AR组合模型和包含大气角动量、海洋角动量的流体激发函数对地球自转参数进行长期预报。数值实验表明,激发函数预报精度优于LS+AR组合模型,其中大气角动量激发函数预报精度优于海洋角动量激发函数。