张家界水环境演变与旅游发展关系

通过实地监测并全面分析张家界国家森林公园水环境演变趋势，发现金鞭溪水质下降最为明显，而且随着游客的逐年增多，呈现出加速恶化的趋势。金鞭溪水质恶化主要表现为蓝藻，绿藻迅速繁殖，感官质量下降，主要原因是上游接待区锣鼓塔排出的污水中总磷超标，通过建立基于环境脆弱因子的动态阈值模型，计算得出：在不超出张家界景区最为脆弱的环境因子－金鞭溪水质标准：总磷≤0．02前提下，金鞭溪上游接待区住宿设施生态阈值，春季临界床位数1186，夏季为3057，冬季为545，秋季为333。     

Ocean Model Open Boundary Conditions with Volume,Heat and Salinity Conservation Constraints简

Open boundary conditions （OBCs） for a regional ocean model that can be integrated stably over a long timeframe, as well as satisfy the volume, heat and salinity conservation constraints, were developed. First, the idea that the inward and outward flux information can be treated separately in the OBCs was adopted. Second, in order to maintain the property that the volume, heat and salinity remains conserved in the simulation domain, conservation constraints were added to the OBCs, and an inverse method utilized to solve the constraint equations. Ideal experiments were designed to investigate the conservation property, and the OBCs were found to work efficiently to maintain the volume, heat and salinity conservation. It was found that simulations were comparable to observations when the OBCs were applied to a regional ocean model.     

SuperMap Deskpro在数字校园建模方法中的应用

近几年许多高校都开始建立自己的＂数字校园＂,用以方便管理,提高人力、物力的利用效率。三维景观建模作为＂数字校园＂的基础和重要组成部分,它让管理更加直观和有效。以咸宁学院校区为例,利用国产软件SuperMap Deskpro,通过数据准备、三维建模、纹理映射,建立了咸宁学院中心校区三维景观模型,进行了数字校园建模方法的研...     

Spatial-temporal characterization of the San Andreas Fault by fault-zone trapped waves at seismic experiment site,Parkfield, California

In this article, we review our previous research for spatial and temporal characterizations of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) at Parkfield, using the fault-zone trapped wave (FZTW) since the middle 1980s. Parkfield, California has been taken as a scientific seismic experimental site in the USA since the 1970s, and the SAF is the target fault to investigate earthquake physics and forecasting. More than ten types of field experiments (including seismic, geophysical, geochemical, geodetic and so on) have been carried out at this experimental site since then. In the fall of 2003, a pair of scientific wells were drilled at the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) site; the main-hole (MH) passed a ～200-m-wide low-velocity zone (LVZ) with highly fractured rocks of the SAF at a depth of ～3.2 km below the wellhead on the ground level (Hickman et al., 2005; Zoback, 2007; Lockner et al., 2011). Borehole seismographs were installed in the SAFOD MH in 2004, which were located within the LVZ of the fault at ～3-km depth to probe the internal structure and physical properties of the SAF. On September 282004, a M6 earthquake occurred ～15 km southeast of the town of Parkfield. The data recorded in the field experiments before and after the 2004 M6 earthquake provided a unique opportunity to monitor the co-mainshock damage and post-seismic heal of the SAF associated with this strong earthquake. This retrospective review of the results from a sequence of our previous experiments at the Parkfield SAF, California, will be valuable for other researchers who are carrying out seismic experiments at the active faults to develop the community seismic wave velocity models, the fault models and the earthquake forecasting models in global seismogenic regions.     

多点地质统计学建模研究进展

从精细油藏描述中地质建模的意义和现状入手,介绍了多点地质统计学建模研究现状及其与传统地质建模方法的差 异。以辽河盆地西部凹陷某蒸汽驱试验区为例,分析了多点地质统计学建模中建模的基础、训练图像的建立、多点地质统计学 建模与传统地质建模相比所具有的优势等内容。指出多点地质统计学在井间预测方面具有明显优于其他传统建模方法的特 点。在文献调研基础上,结合自身工作实践,探讨了多点地质统计学建模目前存在的问题和未来的发展方向。指出未来多点 地质统计学建模的发展方向主要包括多信息综合地质成因分析基础上的训练图像获取、多点地质统计学算法进行改进和完善 和多点地质统计学建模方法应用领域的扩大等。     

浙江省工业型村落：发展模式及其形成动力研究

工业型村落是中国新农村建设中的一种典型村落类型.浙江省工业型村落在空间表现为"块状经济"形态,其空间分布与各地级市的经济发展水平基本一致,局部地区出现了"跨越式"发展.浙江省工业型村落的形成模式与浙江省农村工业化密切相关,按照地域不同,表现分为综合型模式和内生型模式两种,而尤以内生型模式最具浙江特色.作者认为,这种特色村落模式是在其深刻的内部动力和外部动力的作用下形成的.通过对村落形成动力的综合分析,作者认为其发展路径表现为改革开放条件下的历史偶然性与路径依赖,并对此进行分析.最后,文章对主要观点做了概括和思考.     

宁夏土地利用时、空变化及其驱动机制

利用1990年和2000年两期遥感图像,通过遥感和GIS空间分析方法,研究了1990-2000年宁夏回族自治区的土地利用动态变化情况.宁夏土地利用变化最主要的特点是耕地增加,草地和未利用土地的减少,城镇居民建设用地有小规模快速增长,其它土地利用变化处于动态平衡中.空间变化表明,土地利用变化随自然和社会经济条件不同有不同程度和幅度的变化.宁夏土地利用变化的驱动机制,以反映人类活动强度和区域社会经济情况的人类活动综合度和距居民地距离因子,及自然属性方面的海拔与坡度对土地利用变化的驱动作用最显著,说明人类活动和社会经济的发达程度是宁夏土地利用变化的基本驱动力,而自然的限制因素海拔与坡度等则一定程度上限制了变化的分布.由于人口和社会经济发展的压力,宁夏在原有耕地分布基础上,新增耕地较多的位于远离灌渠、道路和居民地的地区,而且海拔和坡度均趋于不合理.     

多维动态GIS在海岛保护与利用管理中的应用

针对海岛空间信息的特点,分析了传统管理手段的缺陷,提出了利用多维动态GIS技术解决海岛及其周边海域三维特性和数据多源、多尺度、多时相以及海岛的历史变迁问题,并探讨了应用的关键技术,为海岛综合管理提供一个新的解决方案,提高了海岛管理的可视化、信息化、高效化和科学化.     

Microsimulation of Hurricane Evacuation Strategies of Galveston Island

This article investigates the effectiveness of simultaneous and staged evacuation strategies for hurricane evacuations of Galveston Island using agent-based microsimulation techniques. In the simultaneous strategy the entire population is informed to evacuate simultaneously, whereas in a staged evacuation strategy, people are informed to evacuate in a sequence. The results suggest that (1) the most efficient staged evacuation strategy can help reduce the evacuation time for Galveston Island by approximately one hour, (2) previous studies might have underestimated the evacuation time of Galveston, and (3) an evacuation under the rapid response assumption does not necessarily lead to an effective evacuation.     

Tectonic Dynamic Metallization of Silver-GoldHydrothermal Fluids in Proterozoic GneissTerrene Shear Zones, Suichang, Zhejiang, China

-,The well-known Suichang silvengold field is located inZhejiang Province of SOutheast China. It is the largest silver-gold deposit associated with copper and zinc in the Cathaysianmetallogenic province.There are a series of silver-gold dePOsits in the shear zonesof Proterozoic gneiss terrene, Suichang region. The volcanicapparatus at Mesozoic has complicated rpineralization. Respectively, there are two pieces of understanding on the origin ofore-formigg nuid: (l ) metamorphic fluid (Lia…