异育银鲫气单胞菌病原菌鉴定和药敏试验

从患病异育银鲫体内分离到5株可疑菌株,经API 20NE细菌生化鉴定,YCS07-03和YZ07-11株鉴定率为99.2%和99.3%。注射感染中5×108 CFU.mL-1剂量组表现出较强的致病性,12 d死亡率100%。菌株在营养肉汤培养液中呈均匀混浊状;在营养琼脂平皿中呈灰白色半透明菌落;在血琼脂培养基中呈光滑灰白色菌落,YZ07-11株出现透明的β溶血环;在TCBS培养基呈黄色菌落;在SS和麦康凯培养基中形成无色透明的扁平菌落。经负染电镜观察,菌株两端圆,呈直杆状,无芽孢,极生单鞭毛,菌株大小(短径×长径)分别为1.53μm×2.71μm和0.80μm×2.12μm。菌株经生化实验鉴定为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)和嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)。试验结果表明:菌株对丁胺卡那霉素、头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、左氟沙星、复合磺胺、氟嗪酸、洛美沙星、复方新诺明、链霉素和新霉素均产生高度敏感;对万古霉素为中度敏感;氨苄青霉素、羧苄青霉素、强力霉素和青霉素产生耐药。     

基于地缘政治学视角的缅甸内战与毒品经济相互关系解析

中国西南地区面临着因缅甸内战和毒品经济产生的跨国影响而形成的恶劣的地缘政治环境。通过文本分析法,本文聚焦缅甸内战和毒品经济,在分析缅甸内战历史和现实致因、缅甸毒品经济起源与发展的基础上,从地缘政治学视角,揭示了缅甸内战与毒品经济之间的相互关联。本文试图回答的问题是：缅甸内战状态下的毒品经济为何在缅甸蔓延？毒品经济又如何加深缅甸内战并阻碍内战的终结？缅甸内战与毒品经济相互纠缠,即缅甸内战不是由毒品经济利益所触发,但缅甸内战刺激了鸦片种植和催生了畸形的毒品经济,而毒品经济重塑了缅甸联邦政府与少数民族地方武装等各方利益,从而为缅甸内战解决蒙上了阴影。     

Hydrogen Incorporation in Crystalline Jadeite: Insight from First Principles Calculations

Hydrogen incorporation is critical for explaining defect energies, structure parameters and other physical characteristics of minerals and understanding mantle dynamics. This work analyzed the hydrogen complex defects in jadeite by the plane-wave pseudo-potential method based on density functional theory, and optimized the atomic positions and lattice constants in all configurations(different defective systems). Incorporation mechanisms considered for hydrogen(H) in jadeite include:(1) hydrogen incorporating with the O2 site oxygen and coexisting with M2 vacancy;(2) one H atom combined with an Al atom replacing Si in tetrahedron;(3) 4H atoms directly replacing Si in tetrahedron and(4) 3H atoms replacing Al on the M1 site. The four incorporation mechanisms mentioned above form the corresponding V_(Na)-H_i, Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i point defects. The molecular dynamics simulation to the ideal, V_(Na)-H_i, Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i point defects under the P-T conditions of 900 K, 2 GPa, the V_(Na)-H_i and Al_(Si)-H_i point defects under different pressures at T = 900 K, and Al_(Si)-H_i point defects under different temperatures at P = 3 GPa was performed to examine the preferential mode of hydrogen incorporation in jadeite by means of first-principles calculations. The calculations show that the averaged O–H bond-length in the hydrogen point defects system decreased in the order of Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Na)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i. V_(Na)-H_i complex defects result in a contraction of the jadeite volume and the presence of Al_(Si)-H_i, V_(Si)-4H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i defects could increase the supercell volume, which is the most obvious in the V_(Al)-3H_i defects. The energy of formation of Al_(Si)-H_i and V_(Al)-3H_i complex defects was much lower than that of other defect systems. The V_(Al)-3H_i defects system has the lowest energy and the shortest O–H bond-length, suggesting that this system is the most favorable. The analytical results of vacancy formation energy, O–H bondlength, and the stability of the hydrogen defects in jadeite have suggested that the preferred hydration incorporation mode in jadeite is V_(Al)-3H_i complex defect.     

海藻主要药用成分的研究和展望

对海藻主要药用成分的研究进行了综述。海藻内含有大量有益于人类健康的药用活性成分 ,其多糖、不饱和脂肪酸、蛋白质、氨基酸、多肽、牛磺酸、多萜、甾类和酶等成分具有抗凝血、降血压、降血脂、抗肿瘤等独特功能 ,可用于预防和治疗高脂血症、动脉硬化、肿瘤等多种疾病 ,改善人体微循环 ,并可用于生产中、老年人抗衰老、抗疲劳及增强免疫力的保健品 ,现已在医药、食品、工业等各个领域得到广泛的应用 ,并有着广阔的开发前景。     

不同性味矿物药的特征元素组成

应用自适应模式识别的ＩＤ３方法，通过３０种和３６种矿物药模式，分别建立起矿物药的“性”与其溶出元素的种类及含量之间和矿物药的“味”与其溶出元素的种类及含量之间的一般关系．矿物药的性与Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ、Ａｌ、Ｓｒ的不同含量有关，矿物药的味与Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ的不同含量有关．上述元素为决定矿物药性味的特征元素．     

锯缘青蟹细菌性传染病的病原菌研究

从宁波市青蟹主要养殖海区5－9月间不同症状的病蟹体分离到6株细菌，S9901，S9902，S9903，S9904，S9905和S9906，经感染试验确定S9902、S9903、S9905和S9906均为病原菌；此4株菌革兰氏染色呈阴性，具1根极生鞭毛，氧化酶反应阳性，发酵葡萄糖，不产气，不发酵肌醇，对0／129试剂敏感，为弧菌属种类；经赖氨酸、精氨酸、乌氨酸脱羧酶、蔗糖、甘露醇发酵、6％氯化钠胨水生长、水杨素、枸橼酸盐利用等试验，根据第二代GYZ－9V系统，分别将其归为辛辛那提弧菌、溶藻弧菌和副溶血弧菌。4株菌对氯霉素、环丙沙星和硫酸庆大霉素等抗菌素表现出强敏感性，对诺氟沙星、磺胺甲异恶唑等中度敏感，而对头咆唑啉钠、呋喃唑酮不敏感；中草药五倍子和五味子煎出液对4株菌均 表现出较强的抑菌性能。     

相转移催化法制备抗癌新药工艺

提出采用相转移催化法,一步合成了抗癌新药ASF。工艺条件达到最简。利用正交实验法确定了最佳反应条件,通过一系列分析手段确定产物结构。     

Quantitative estimation of petroleum prospect outcome probabilities: an overview of procedures

Estimation of prospect outcome probabilities in numerical form should be a central objective for petroleum geologists. Most numerical estimates of outcome probabilities represent subjective guesses. While the effectiveness of subjective procedures is difficult to gauge, several postmortem analyses suggest that subjective procedures are ineffective. Objective procedures for estimating outcome probabilities should yield much improved estimates. Objective procedures require that geological, geophysical and production data be organized so that geological and geophysical characteristics of prospects interpreted before they were drilled can be compared systematically with outcomes of prospects after they have been drilled. An example application that involves well data and an example application that involves seismic data demonstrate that objective procedures are simple in principle, but require organization of information in a form suitable for computation of frequencies, on which objective estimates of probabilities can be based.     

The dependence of the concentration of OH on its precursors under moderately polluted conditions: A model study

Oxidation of trace gases emitted into the atmosphere is frequently promoted by free radicals. During daytime, the most important radical is the hydroxyl radical, since it reacts with almost all pollutants thereby initializing their ultimate removal from the atmosphere. Since the reaction with OH is in many cases the rate-determining step, the ambient OH concentration is a measure for the atmosphere's oxidation capacity. This paper investigates the influence of the chemical precursors and the photolysis frequencies on the atmospheric OH abundance under moderately polluted and rural conditions. The dominant controlling parameter are the photolysis of ozone and the concentrations of the nitrogen oxides.     

Porphyry Cu–Au mineralisation associated with a multi-phase intrusion, and related replacement fronts in limestones in an island arc setting near the Gümü hane village (Artvin) in the Eastern Black Sea Province (Turkey)

The Gümü hane area near Artvin is highly characteristic due to a significant hydrothermal alteration zone genetically associated with a microdiorite stock and its late-stage derivatives in the form of porphyry plugs that intruded into all the pre-Middle Eocene lithologies. The porphyry intrusion is multi-stage, intermediate to felsic in composition, and divided into pre-ore feldspar porphyries and quartz–feldspar porphyries, syn-ore feldspar–amphibole porphyries, and post-ore feldspar porphyries. Sericitic alteration is dominant, but K-silicate alteration is also observed and is characterised mainly by secondary feldspars, biotites, quartz, anhydrite, magnetite and pyrite veinlets. The central part of the alteration and the porphyry system where syn-ore feldspar–amphibole porphyry outcrops coincides with intense quartz stock-working with anomalous but uneconomical Cu and Au values. In this zone, pyrite is ubiquitous and is accompanied by chalcopyrite and lesser sphalerite, sulphosalts, molybdenite, bornite and magnetite. Chemical analyses of surface and drill core samples show that overall Au and Cu values are around 0.5 ppm and 0.3%, respectively, and that they are in the ranges of 1–2 ppm and 0.3–0.4%, respectively, in the densest stock-work zones.Multi-phase intrusion of porphyries into Late Cretaceous limestone also caused replacement fronts along re-crystallised limestone and porphyry contacts. This type of mineralisation is enriched in Mn, Zn, Cu, Au and Ba, and contains on average 4.7% MnO, 3.2% FeO, 3.1% Zn, 0.95% Cu, 0.3% Pb, 200 ppb Au, 900 ppm Bi and 660 ppm Ba, present in Fe- and Mn-oxides, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite and lesser bornite, sulphosalts and gold. Supergene oxidation is well developed in these zones.Hydrothermal alteration mass change calculations reflect an intimate relationship between the two types of mineralisation. The lithologies near mineralised fronts are highly depleted in MnO and Zn, and the intensity of depletion is reduced away from the contact into the porphyry. The leached elements are added to the re-crystallised limestone block in which MnO and Zn show an 81-fold and 472-fold increase, respectively, over the least altered limestone. Au and Cu are enriched along the contact both in the porphyry and in the limestone, implying that they may have been derived either from other lithologies in the vicinity or the magma itself.