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941.
942.
膨胀土裂隙图像处理及特征提取方法的改进 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
裂隙特征作为膨胀土裂隙研究的基础,其定量化描述有助于进一步研究裂隙对膨胀土工程性质的影响。以膨胀土平面裂隙为研究对象,使用数码摄影获取膨胀土裂隙图像,通过优化和改进裂隙图像处理方法及裂隙特征提取方法,获得膨胀土裂隙的各特征参数。对于裂隙图像处理方法,采用改进的局部阈值二值化方法,相比大津法能更好地将裂隙和背景区分开来,而通过标记连通区域的方法有效去除了裂隙二值图像中全局分布的细小杂点,同时,利用闭运算填充了裂隙图像中细小的孔洞和缺口,上述处理方法使裂隙二值图像更清晰可靠。对于裂隙特征提取方法,基于对裂隙端点和交点的快捷识别能力,选择了查找表方法作为裂隙条数统计的基础;改进了端点识别算法以去除毛刺,提高了裂隙长度统计的精度;采用改进的最小外接矩形算法进行裂隙宽度的统计,提高了计算精度,节省了计算时间;尝试采用玫瑰花图进行裂隙方向统计,更直观明了地分析裂隙方向及条数的变化规律。 相似文献
943.
944.
目前我国矿石化学物相分析方法,除少数方法具有较广泛的适应性外,多数方法均是针对某一具体矿区的样品而制定,在实际应用中无法确认分析结果的准确性和选择性分离流程的适应范围。验证化学物相分析方法的选择性分离流程及方法准确度是该领域必须解决的问题。本文以我国具有代表性的锑矿类型——单锑硫化矿为研究对象,通过岩矿鉴定确定锑的主要矿物相,从试验样品中挑选验证选择分离条件所需的单矿物,在无法获得锑华单矿物的情况下,通过价态分析确定了锑华与锑酸盐混合物中锑华的比例,并通过系列单矿物选择分离对比条件试验和X射线衍射分析,确定了锑华、辉锑矿和锑酸盐等锑物相的选择性分离条件。结果表明:对于硫化锑含量大于35%的样品,锑硫化相的选择浸出时间从传统的30 min调整为40 min,硫化锑的浸出率提高了4%~6%,硫化锑相对于锑酸盐的串相率降低了45%~70%,硫化锑相浸出完全,提高了硫化锑和黄锑矿相分析的准确度。该方法适用于不同地区、不同类型(氧化矿、硫化矿)锑矿石样品的锑化学物相分析。 相似文献
945.
中国畜禽养殖的空间分析及分区研究(英文) 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
The capacity of livestock breeding in China has increased rapidly since 1949, and the total output of meat, poultry and eggs maintains the world’s top first in recent 20 years. Livestock emissions and pollution is closely associated with its population and spatial distribution. This paper aims to investigate the spatial patterns of livestock and poultry breeding in China. Using statistical yearbook and agricultural survey in 2007, the county-level populations of livestock and poultry are estimated as equivalent standardized pig index (ESP), per cultivated land pig index (PCLP) and per capita pig index (PCP). With the help of spatial data analysis (ESDA) tools in Geoda and ArcGIS software, especially the Moran’s I and LISA statistics, the nationwide global and local clustering trends of the three indicators are examined respectively. The Moran’s I and LISA analysis shows that ESP and PCP are significantly clustering both globally and locally. However, PCLP is clustering locally but not significant globally. Furthermore, the thematic map series (TMS) and related gravity centers curve (GCC) are introduced to explore the spatial patterns of livestock and poultry in China. The indicators are classified into 16 levels, and the GCCs for the three indicators from level 1 to 16 are discussed in detail. For districting purpose, each interval between gravity centers of near levels for all the three indicators is calculated, and the districting types of each indicator are obtained by merging adjacent levels. The districting analysis for the three indicators shows that there exists a potential uniform districting scheme for China’s livestock and poultry breeding. As a result, the China’s livestock and poultry breeding would be classified into eight types: extremely sparse region, sparse region, relatively sparse region, normally sparse region, normal region, relatively concentrated region, concentrated region and highly concentrated region. It is also found that there exists a clear demarcation line between the concentrated and the sparse regions. The line starts from the county boundary between Xin Barag Left Banner and Xin Barag Right Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the west coast of Dongfang County, Hainan Province. 相似文献
946.
947.
Much debate has occurred in catchment hydrology regarding the connectivity of flow paths from upslope areas to catchment outlets. This study was conducted in two catchments, one with three upper branches, in a loess soil with a fragipan that fosters lateral flow and exhibits an extensive distribution of soil pipe collapse features. The study aimed to determine the connectivity of multiple soil pipe networks as well as determine pipe flow velocities during storm events. Fluorescein dye was injected directly into soil pipes at the upper most pipe collapse feature of four different hillslopes. Breakthrough curves (BTC) were determined by sampling multiple pipe collapse features downslope. The BTCs were used to determine the ‘average’ (centre of mass) and ‘maximum’ (first arrival) flow velocities. This study confirmed that these catchments contain individual continuous soil pipe networks that extend over 190 m and connect the upper most hillslopes areas with the catchment outlet. While the flow paths are continuous, the individual pipe networks consist of alternating reaches of subsurface flow through soil pipes and reaches of surface flow through gullies formed by pipe collapses. In addition, flow can be occurring both through the subsurface soil pipes simultaneous with surface flow generated by artesian flow from the soil pipes. The pipe flow velocities were as high as 0.3 m/s, which was in the range of streamflow velocities. These pipe flow velocities were also in the range of velocities observed in pinhole erosion tests suggesting that these large, mature soil pipes are still actively eroding. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
948.
微囊藻群体总RNA提取方法的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微囊藻群体富含多糖类物质是影响微囊藻RNA提取的关键因素.为了获得高质量的微囊藻群体总RNA,对比分析4种针对多糖含量较高的方法——方法 1 PGTX-bead法、方法 2 CTAB-bead法、方法 3 Fast RNAPro Blue Kit和方法 4RNeasy Mini Kit对微囊藻群体总RNA的提取效果.采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测微囊藻群体RNA的完整性,Nanodrop ND1000分光光度计检测RNA纯度及浓度,并采用q PCR检测DNA污染情况.结果表明,4种方法都能从微囊藻群体中提取获得RNA,并在去除DNA后都可以进行RT-PCR等后续实验.方法 1 PGTX-bead提取的RNA产量最高,纯度好,DNA污染小,成本低,适合从微囊藻群体中大量提取RNA;方法 2 CTAB-bead提取的RNA样品产量也较高,但DNA污染严重,适合需要同时提取DNA和RNA的样本;方法 3 Fast RNAPro Blue Kit和方法 4 RNeasy Mini Kit提取的RNA产量都较低,但方法 4操作简单,耗时短,所检测目的基因的相对表达量较高,更适合从少量的微囊藻群体中提取总RNA. 相似文献
949.
950.
非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构设计方法探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在建立非线形粘滞阻尼器消能结构性能曲线的基础上,建议了依据减震性能目标确定阻尼器参数的概略设计方法。提出了多自由度非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构的等效阻尼比计算公式。在此基础上建议了适用于多自由度非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构地震反应预测的模态叠加法,方法与时程分析结果对比吻合良好。为使各层阻尼器参数更好地满足减震性能要求,提出了将概略设计得到的层阻尼器参数依据减振性能目标进行调整的方法。 相似文献