相干和方差数据体的算法研究及应用

研究了相干数据体的C3算法以及方差数据体算法,编制开发了利用相干和方差数据体技术进行地震资料处理的数据处理系统,利用相干和方差数据体的时间切片和顺层切片来分析相邻道地震信号的相似性,进而探测小断层和分析地质构造。通过对实际资料的分析解释可以看出,相干和方差数据体技术对断层解释是非常有效的,可以提高解释精度,缩短勘探周期。     

建筑基坑土钉支护时机探讨

本文采用FLAC软件，通过建筑物基坑随开挖深度增加而变形的模拟，得出基坑每一阶段开挖及土钉支护条件下的位移发展演变规律，跟踪最大不平衡力变量的变化提出了最佳土钉支护时机。     

灰色理论应用于轨道交通一号线一期工程承重墩沉降分析

介绍了沉降监测数据处理理论方法,讨论了灰色模型法预测沉降的过程,分析了武汉轨道交通一期工程承重墩沉降监测数据,结果表明其基础是基本稳定的。     

三峡库区水质数据时间序列分析预测研究

阐述了时间序列分析的概念、种类及分析方法,以三峡库区水质各指标的水期时间序列数据为研究对象,采用Holt-Winters时间序列预测模型进行了水质预测的试验研究.     

基于能力谱法的SSI体系抗震pushover分析方法

本文首先经过2次等效将土与结构相互作用的多自由度体系等效为单自由度体系,并给出了修正反应谱和等价能力谱的确定方法,进而提出了基于能力谱法考虑土与结构动力相互作用(SSI)效应的结构体系pushover分析方法(SSIPA);然后对3种不同高度考虑SSI效应的结构体系在5条地震动作用下采用本文提出的方法进行了算例分析,将结果与非线性时程分析的结果进行了比较,研究了本方法的适用性和准确性;最后,与建筑抗震设计规范的设计反应谱相结合,对9层考虑SSI效应的钢结构用本文提出的方法进行了弹塑性地震反应分析,根据我国抗震设计规范的规定进行抗震性能的评估验证了本方法的可行性。     

A tectonic stress map of China and adjacent regions from earthquakes occurred during 2000～2004

Earthquake focal mechanism solutions provide the basic information about the present-day regional tectonics stress distribution, which controls the activities of crustal faults. Therefore, continued efforts for updating the da-tabase of earthquake focal mechanism solutions are quite valuable and important. The international lithosphere program initiated the ″world stress map project″ (Zoback, 1992) since 1980′s. During this project, worldwide studies and measurements of present-day regional…     

地震层析成像技术在岩体完整性测试中的应用

地震波层析成像借鉴了医学上X射线断面扫描的基本原理,利用地震波穿过地质体后走时及能量的改变等物理信息,通过数学处理重建地质体内部图像,从而得到所研究地质体的岩性及构造分布。本文利用这种方法,在一个钻孔中利用电火花震源激了弹性波,在另一个钻孔布设多个检波点同时接收,拾取弹性波初至时间,将接收到的数据利用SIRT方法进行反演迭代计算,最终形成一个弹性波速度谱图,然后利用岩土体的弹性波速度差异推断岩体完整性分布。与其它测试方法比较,该方法分辨率高,空间位置准确,在工程物探、岩土工程勘察中具有较好的应用前景。     

Hydraulic analysis of cell-network treatment wetlands

When individual cells of a multiple-cell treatment wetland are hydraulically connected, the wetland has a cell-network structure. The hydraulic performance of treatment wetlands is often characterized using tracer residence time distributions (RTDs) measured between the wetland inlet and outlet, such that the wetland is considered as a single hydraulic unit, regardless of the extent of networking between individual internal cells. This work extends the single hydraulic unit approach to enable the specification of moments and RTD parameters for individual cells, or clusters of cells, within the cell-network based on inert tracer tests with injection only at the network inlet. Hydraulic performance is quantified in terms of hydraulic efficiency and travel time dimensionless variance using both the method of moments and RTD modeling. Cell-network analysis was applied to a case study from the Orlando Easterly Wetland (OEW), demonstrating the improvement in hydraulic performance of individual wetland cells following wetland restoration activities. Furthermore, cell-network analysis indicated that the location of water quality sampling station locations within the cell network can significantly affect the accuracy of pollutant removal effectiveness estimation when the individual sample station RTD does not represent the hydraulic unit RTD. At the OEW, it was determined that historical nutrient removal effectiveness estimation may be underestimated for one area and overestimated for another, and recommendations were provided for sample station locations to minimize future performance estimation errors.     

Errors due to the anisotropic-common-ray approximation of the coupling ray theory

The common-ray approximation eliminates problems with ray tracing through S-wave singularities and also considerably simplifies the numerical algorithm of the coupling ray theory for S waves, but may introduce errors in travel times due to the perturbation from the common reference ray. These travel-time errors can deteriorate the coupling-ray-theory solution at high frequencies. It is thus of principal importance for numerical applications to estimate the errors due to the common-ray approximation applied. The anisotropic-common-ray approximation of the coupling ray theory is more accurate than the isotropic-common-ray approximation. We derive the equations for estimating the travel-time errors due to the anisotropic-common-ray (and also isotropic-common-ray) approximation of the coupling ray theory. The errors of the common-ray approximations are calculated along the anisotropic common rays in smooth velocity models without interfaces. The derivation is based on the general equations for the second-order perturbations of travel time.     

Explicit formula for the geoid-quasigeoid separation

The explicit formula for the geoid-to-quasigeoid correction is derived in this paper. On comparing the geoidal height and height anomaly, this correction is found to be a function of the mean value of gravity disturbance along the plumbline within the topography. To evaluate the mean gravity disturbance, the gravity field of the Earth is decomposed into components generated by masses within the geoid, topography and atmosphere. Newton’s integration is then used for the computation of topography-and atmosphere-generated components of the mean gravity, while the combined solution for the downward continuation of gravity anomalies and Stokes’ boundary-value problem is utilized in computing the component of mean gravity disturbance generated by mass irregularities within the geoid. On application of this explicit formulism a theoretical accuracy of a few millimetres can be achieved in evaluation of the geoid-to-quasigeoid correction. However, the real accuracy could be lower due to deficiencies within the numerical methods and to errors within the input data (digital terrain and density models and gravity observations).