基于空间公平理论的公共交通服务评价——以深圳市为例

使用空间无关的公平性衡量指数评价公交服务时,会忽视公交服务需求与供给的空间分布特征.为解决此问题,论文提出基于空间公平理论的公交服务评价框架,即通过构建综合基尼系数与莫兰指数的空间公平评价方法,实现整体尺度公交服务评价;通过对分析单元上相对需求与相对供给变量的匹配关系、空间差距进行分析,实现局部尺度公交服务评价,对整体...     

Evaluation of Inference Adequacy in Cumulative Logistic Regression Models: An Empirical Validation of ISWRidge Relationships

Internal solitary wave propagation over a submarine ridge results in energy dissipation, in which the hydrodynamic interaction between a wave and ridge affects marine environment. This study analyzes the effects of ridge height and potential energy during wave-ridge interaction with a binary and cumulative logistic regression model. In testing the Global Null Hypothesis, all values are p 〈0.001, with three statistical methods, such as Likelihood Ratio, Score, and Wald. While comparing with two kinds of models, tests values obtained by cumulative logistic regression models are better than those by binary logistic regression models. Although this study employed cumulative logistic regression model, three probability functions p^1, p^2 and p^3, are utilized for investigating the weighted influence of factors on wave reflection. Deviance and Pearson tests are applied to cheek the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model. The analytical results demonstrated that both ridge height （X1 ） and potential energy （X2 ） significantly impact （p 〈 0. 0001 ） the amplitude-based refleeted rate; the P-values for the deviance and Pearson are all 〉 0.05 （0.2839, 0.3438, respectively）. That is, the goodness-of-fit between ridge height （ X1 ） and potential energy （X2） can further predict parameters under the scenario of the best parsimonious model. Investigation of 6 predictive powers （ R2, Max-rescaled R^2, Sorners＇ D, Gamma, Tau-a, and c, respectively） indicate that these predictive estimates of the proposed model have better predictive ability than ridge height alone, and are very similar to the interaction of ridge height and potential energy. It can be concluded that the goodness-of-fit and prediction ability of the cumulative logistic regression model are better than that of the binary logistic regression model.     

Evaluation of Inference Adequacy in Cumulative Logistic Regression Models： An Empirical Validation of ISW-Ridge Relationships

Internal solitary wave propagation over a submarine ridge results in energy dissipation, in which the hydrodynamic interaction between a wave and ridge affects marine environment. This study analyzes the effects of ridge height and potential energy during wave-ridge interaction with a binary and cumulative logistic regression model. In testing the Global Null Hypothesis, all values are p<0.001, with three statistical methods, such as Likelihood Ratio, Score, and Wald. While comparing with two kinds of models, tests values obtained by cumulative logistic regression models are better than those by binary logistic regression models. Although this study employed cumulative logistic regression model, three probability functions p^1, p^2 and p^3, are utilized for investigating the weighted influence of factors on wave reflection. Deviance and Pearson tests are applied to check the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model. The analytical results demonstrated that both ridge height (X1) and potential energy (X2) significantly impact (p<0.0001) the amplitude-based reflected rate; the P-values for the deviance and Pearson are all >0.05 (0.2839, 0.3438, respectively). That is, the goodness-of-fit between ridge height (X1) and potential energy (X2) can further predict parameters under the scenario of the best parsimonious model.Investigation of 6 predictive powers (R2, Max-rescaled R2, Somers'D, Gamma, Tau-a, and c, respectively) indicate that these predictive estimates of the proposed model have better predictive ability than ridge height alone, and are very similar to the interaction of ridge height and potential energy. It can be concluded that the goodness-of-fit and prediction ability of the cumulative logistic regression model are better than that of the binary logistic regression model.     

流域尺度土地利用调蓄视角的雨洪管理探析

发达国家雨洪管理焦点历经管网设计、不透水面阈值控制、低影响开发及土地利用管理等过程,呈现"多尺度多视角衔接"趋势。本文聚焦太湖流域土地利用调蓄功能变化机制及管理应用,揭示了1985-2015年来建设占用耕地是调蓄功能降低的主要原因;发现基于小流域的调蓄功能变化与建设用地强度整体低关联,但局部高相关,高相关的地区位于大城市或某些乡镇周边的建设增长热区,而这些热区的建设用地与调蓄空间规模较大且接触机会更多,是开发之前调蓄空间保护、开发控制以及开发之后综合管理等3个土地利用调蓄目标因子协调不当的结果;最后提出流域尺度土地利用调蓄视角的雨洪管理"345"模式,即以3个目标因子和5类控制要素为基础,实施土地利用调蓄创建、防御、拓展与保护等4类差别化战略模式,从更大尺度认识老城区和新区的雨洪关联,拓展海绵城市建设的本土认知和视野。     

基于渔获群落多样性指标的深水流刺网渔具作业性能分析

根据在东海区开展的3种型深水流刺网选择性试验数据,对3种型深水流网渔获组成、多样性及渔获性能进行了分析比较研究。结果表明:(1)本次试验共捕获33种渔获物,包括鱼类28种、头足类3种、甲壳类2种,其中3种型刺网均捕获种类8种;(2)3种型刺网优势种存在差异,日本方头鱼和黄鲷为共同优势种;(3)3种型刺网捕获种类多样性指数(D值、H’值、J’值)均不存在显著性差异(P>0.05),但渔获种类差异明显,3种型刺网两两比较种类Sorensen相似度均低于50%;(4)同型刺网相邻网目尺寸Bray-Curtis相似性较高,随着网目间距增加,相似度逐渐减低,以重量和尾数计算的相似性基本趋于一致;(5)3种型刺网随网目尺寸的增加(50～70mm),其W统计值(-0.113～0.040)总体上呈现依次增大的趋势,干扰程度逐渐较低。从生态多样性保护角度,增大网目尺寸是目前保护东海区底层生物多样性最有效的方式之一。     

Experimental study on wide-shallow composite bucket foundation for offshore wind turbine under cyclic loading

As an appropriate type of foundation for offshore wind turbines (OWTs), wide-shallow composite bucket foundation (WSCBF) is cost-competitive, and it has a unique and special substructure that comprises seven internal rooms arranged in a honeycomb-like structure. In this study, the cyclic behavior of WSCBF for OWTs embedded in saturated clay was investigated using a large-scale model subjected to lateral cyclic loading. The responses of foundation under constant- and various-amplitude cyclic loadings were recorded in terms of displacements, rotations, and bending moments. The variations in stiffness and damping were obtained, and a collaborative bearing mechanical model between the bucket and soil was considered, which was beneficial for improving the stiffness of the whole structure. Accumulative deformation was found to have little effect on the bearing capacity of the foundation. Dynamic analysis in frequency domain was further performed on both moment and rotation data, and the complex, frequency-dependent impedance was also studied.     

磁浮交通试验线压力管道直线度的测量方法研究及应用

目前,国内外对于磁浮交通真空压力管道直线度测量问题的研究较少。本文结合西南交通大学在建的真空磁浮高速列车试验装置,提出了一种真空压力管道直线度测量方法。该方法在管道内建立高精度=维控制网,依据三维控制网测量采用圆曲线拟合方法确定各节管道的圆心坐标,并采用直线拟合方法分析整个管道的直线度。最后依据上述方法编制程序对实测数据进行了处理分析,验证了方法的可行性和正确性,可为今后真空磁浮压力管道的建设提供技术参考。     

一种基于点云法向量的基准特征提取与倾斜分析方法

针对目前将三维激光扫描技术应用于变形监测领域存在基准特征难以提取、点云数据分析缺乏适用的方法等问题,本文提出了一种基于点云法向量的基准特征提取与形变分析方法。首先利用局部平面拟合方法获得点云的法向量,并沿点云法矢方向探测基准点;然后利用三次B样条曲线对探测的正确基准点进行拟合;最后根据拟合曲线计算基准高程和对径点倾斜角分析基准特征形变信息。对某化工厂的罐体点云数据进行基准特征提取结果表明,该方法可以快速、全面地获取监测对象的整体信息,且能够正确分析监测对象的基准形变。     

基于成像高光谱数据的高低潮潮位线提取方法研究

以蓬莱西海岸西庄至栾家口岸段作为研究区,利用机载成像高光谱数据,对比航空垂直影像图和野外调查结果,通过分析砂质、黑泥砂质和黄泥砂质3种海岸类型的光谱特征,建立分类识别模型,完成了对3种海岸类型的分类处理,确定出湿滩和干滩范围,并进一步提取出高潮潮位线和低潮潮位线。     

Quality influencing factors of dispersion curves from short period dense arrays based on a convolutional neural network across the north section of the Xiaojiang fault area

The number of dispersion curves increases significantly when the scale of a short-period dense array increases. Owing to a substantial increase in data volume, it is important to quickly evaluate dispersion curve quality as well as select the available dispersion curve. Accordingly, this study quantitatively evaluated dispersion curve quality by training a convolutional neural network model for ambient noise tomography using a short-period dense array. The model can select high-quality dispersio...