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21.
The initiation and development of metamorphic foliation in the Otago Schist, Part 2: evidence from quartz grain-shape data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shape, size and orientation measurements of quartz grains sampled along two transects that cross zones of increasing metamorphic grade in the Otago Schist, New Zealand, reveal the role of quartz in the progressive development of metamorphic foliation. Sedimentary compaction and diagenesis contributed little to the formation of a shape‐preferred orientation (SPO) within the analysed samples. Metamorphic foliation was initiated at sub‐greenschist facies conditions as part of a composite S1‐bedding structure parallel to the axial planes of tight to isoclinal F1 folds. An important component of this foliation is a pronounced quartz SPO that formed dominantly by the effect of dissolution–precipitation creep on detrital grains in association with F1 strain. With increasing grade, the following trends are evident from the SPO data: (i) a progressive increase in the aspect ratio of grains in sections parallel to lineation, and the development of blade‐shaped grains; (ii) the early development of a strong shape preferred orientation so that blade lengths define the linear aspect of the foliation (lineation) and the intermediate axes of the blades define a partial girdle about the lineation; (iii) a slight thinning and reduction in volume of grains in the one transect; and (iv) an actual increase in thickness and volume in the survivor grains of the second transect. The highest‐grade samples, within the chlorite zone of the greenschist facies, record segregation into quartz‐ and mica‐rich layers. This segregation resulted largely from F2 crenulation and marks a key change in the distribution, deformation and SPO of the quartz grains. The contribution of quartz SPO to defining the foliation lessens as the previously discrete and aligned detrital quartz grains are replaced by aggregates and layers of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains of reduced aspect ratio and reduced alignment. Pressure solution now affects the margins of quartz‐rich layers rather than individual grains. In higher‐grade samples, therefore, the rock structure is characterized increasingly by segregation layering parallel to a foliation defined predominantly by mica SPO. 相似文献
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We have measured P- and S-wave velocities on two amphibolite and two gneiss samples from the Kola superdeep borehole as a function of pressure (up to 600 MPa) and temperature (up to 600 °C). The velocity measurements include compressional (Vp) and shear wave velocities (Vs1, Vs2) propagating in three orthogonal directions which were in general not parallel to inherent rock symmetry axes or planes. The measurements are accompanied by 3D-velocities calculations based on lattice preferred orientation (LPO) obtained by TOF (Time Of Flight) neutron diffraction analysis which allows the investigation of bulk volumes up to several cubic centimetres due to the high penetration depth of neutrons. The LPO-based numerical velocity calculations give important information on the different contribution of the various rock-forming minerals to bulk elastic anisotropy and on the relations of seismic anisotropy, shear wave splitting, and shear wave polarization to the structural reference frame (foliation and lineation). Comparison with measured velocities obtained for the three propagation directions that were not in accordance with the structural frame of the rocks (foliation and lineation) demonstrate that for shear waves propagating through anisotropic rocks the vibration directions are as important as the propagation directions. The study demonstrates that proper measurement of shear wave splitting by means of two orthogonal polarized sending and receiving shear wave transducers is only possible when their propagation and polarization directions are parallel and normal to foliation and lineation, respectively. 相似文献
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大学城的另类定位--广州旅游的"太阳" 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从旅游的角度,运用定性分析和比较分析的方法,分析广州大学城,发现它在广州所有景区中,最有资格和条件担当广州旅游的“太阳”。它位于广州市番禺区新造镇小谷围岛,投资规模、大学数量、占地面积和规划人口容量皆为中国之最,是世界最大的人造景区,具有浓浓的文化氛围、时代气息,能够体现与闪烁广州的灵魂与精神。为此,广州应在大学城的建设中为未来角色创造更好的条件。 相似文献
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大学实践课程是培养学生创新、创业实践能力的重要环节,本文在新工科实验课程建设中,提出了以能力培养为导向的实践课程设计思路,旨在培养适应当今新技术、新产业、新模式快速变革时代的创新性工程科技人才。本文将传统的验证性实践课程调整为"目标设定、方案规划及实施"的设计型实验课程,强调学生在实践中的主体地位,遵循实践能力培养的规律,引导学生在实践中重参与、重思考、重实施、重过程。同时,将行业的最新发展、最新变革反映在实践教学课程中,增加了新型传感器及混合云人机协作数据处理平台,确保学生获取的知识和技术与快速发展的行业水平相接轨。本文以摄影测量实习课程改革为例,实践证明,课程的实施对于培养学生综合分析设计、创造性解决专业问题的能力取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
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喀腊大湾铜矿大地构造位置属塔里木板块塔里木古陆缘地块红柳沟-拉配泉奥陶纪裂谷带,矿床位于阿尔金北缘断裂带南侧、喀腊达坂断裂与喀腊大湾断裂交汇部位。矿体产于蓟县系卓阿布拉克组火山岩地层中,是一个以铜为主,共(伴)生铅锌的火山岩型硫化物矿床。综合本区地质及地球物理、地球化学特征,总结该类矿床找矿标志,为该地区寻找蓟县系海相火山岩中块状硫化物矿床指明方向。 相似文献
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插层高岭石层间醋酸钾的作用和取向 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
利用X粉晶衍射和激光拉曼光谱实验分析高岭石及其醋酸钾插层物的结构。通过实验表明醋酸钾对结晶指数(HI)为0.9的高岭石进行插层.插层率为73%,使高岭石的d(001)由0.72075nm增加到1.42093nm。进入高岭石层间的醋酸根利用其羧基上的两个氧同时和高岭石的面内羟基形成氢键,在高岭石层间直立取向,而对其内羟基基本无影响。当温度升高时,与面内羟基伸缩振动有关的峰(3698cm^-1,3684cm^-1,3672cm^-1等)发生红移,且强度增加;而与内羟基伸缩振动有关的峰(3621cm^-1)则发生蓝移。温度升高到100C以上,开始发生去插层过程;直到250C,插层分子还不能完全从高岭石层间脱去。 相似文献
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