层状地基中群桩水平振动

在考虑地基土分层的基础上,采用动力Winkler地基模型模拟桩土相互作用并运用传递矩阵,求解层状地基中的单桩和群桩的阻抗函数.在计算动力相互作用因子时考虑了被动桩与土的相互作用.最后将相互作用因子和群桩阻抗的本文解与精确解进行对比,验证了本文方法的有效性.     

瞬态面波预测单桩承载力模型研究

总结了现有单桩竖向承载力检测技术存在的一些问题,结合实例提出了一种预测单桩承载力的间接方法———瞬态面波法。剪切波速与标贯击数之间也存在着相关关系,通过标贯击数建立起剪切波速与桩侧摩阻力及桩端阻力的相关模型,应用瞬态面波测试技术可快速检测桩周土剪切波速,确定单桩承载力。     

阻滑桩加固土坡稳定性分析的上限解法

从极限分析机动学方法出发,利用土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的临界稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式.对于典型问题,通过与现有极限平衡解和有限元数值解的对比分析,验证了这种上限解法的合理性.进而对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,利用极限分析上限定理建立了阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定了极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧土压力,以此为土坡加固中阻滑桩设计提供依据.通过数值计算与分析探讨了阻滑桩加固位置的优化布置等问题.     

初论构造-地表过程-气候耦合系统

构造活动和气候变化的共同作用对象是地球表面,是通过不同的物理、化学和生物过程完成的.构造活动通过所形成的地形地貌影响到区域和局部地区的气候;而气候变化的反馈作用表现为风化、剥蚀夷平地形来促使高原和造山带均衡上升.列举了目前国内外重点研究的地貌单元实例,如地峡、青藏高原、安第斯山脉、湖盆、河流和海岸线(台地),介绍了国内外在该领域的研究动态.指出耦合系统的研究需要多学科交叉融合,地表地形是研究耦合系统的关键切入点,能精确定量测量地表地形的仪器设备和高精度的年代学方法也是不可缺少的.耦合系统的研究可以分为:构造事件时间序列、气候时间序列、地形演化的定量研究,以及耦合系统模式的建立.     

Nonlinear Response of Single Piles in Sand Subjected to Lateral Loads using k hmax Approach

This paper presents results of analysis of full-scale pile load test data of 14 piles embedded in either loose or medium dense sands. The analysis was performed using two methods, p–y curve approach and a more recently developed k_hmax approach. Comparison of the results obtained using both the methods is also presented. A step-by-step analysis procedure is presented for predicting lateral load deflection response of single piles in sand using the k_hmax approach. The results presented show that the k_hmax approach has promise over the p–y curve approach because of its simplicity and the fact that it provides upper- and lower-bound curves, which are valuable guides to making engineering decisions. For loose sands, a new range of k_hmax values is recommended to better predict the lateral load–deflection response of single piles.     

Conceptual model about the interaction between El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation and Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in far west equatorial Pacific

Interaction between the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in far west equatorial Pacific (QBOWP) and the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is studied using a new conceptual model. In this conceptual model, the QBOWP effects on ENSO are achieved through two ways: (1) the oceanic Kelvin wave along equatorial Pacific, and (2) the Atmospheric Walker Circulation anomaly, while ENSO effects on QBOWP can be accomplished by the atmospheric Walker Circulation anomaly. Diagnosis analysis of the model results shows that the Atmospheric bridge (Walker circulation) plays a more important role in interaction between the ENSO and QBOWP than the oceanic bridge (oceanic Kelvin wave along equatorial Pacific); It is found that by the interaction of the ENSO and QBOWP, a free ENSO oscillation with 3–5 years period could be substituted by a oscillation with the quasi-biennial period, and the dominant period of SST anomaly and wind anomaly in the far west equatorial Pacific tends to be prolonged with enhanced ENSO forcing. Generally, the multi-period variability in the coupled Atmosphere-Ocean System in the Tropical Pacific can be achieved through the interaction between ENSO and QBOWP.     

同位素稀释等离子体质谱法准确测定地质样品中痕量铼

采用Carius管高温密闭溶样,同位素稀释-电感耦合等离子体质谱法对黄铁矿、岩石等地质样品中痕量铼进行了准确测定。流程空白能够有效控制在1．4～10 pg。对岩石样品中 ng／g量级的Re进行分析,4次重复分析结果的RSD为3．89％(2s)。以辉钼矿国家标准物质作为本方法研究的监控样品,重复分析结果与其标准推荐值(17．39±0．32)μg/g吻合。