Statistical estimation of corner frequency and its application to seismic event-identification

A statistical method is proposed for estimation of the corner frequency. It is based on inference for a stochastic model whose short-term behavior resembles the established source time functions. Properties of the estimates are investigated and some numerical examples are presented. A discussion concerning earthquake–explosion discrimination and the way corner frequency can be related to the rate of zero-crossings is also included. The paper is concluded with some numerical examples.     

Frequency response of tiltmeters and tidal factor

The relation of tidal factor value to tiltmeter type has been founded from the harmonic analysis for observational data. The relation is deducted theoretically. It is discovered that the frequency responses of different type tiltmeters and operative periods or damping constant are slightly different in same station. The tiltmeter of small operative period is able to receive more precursory information. That is the tidal factors obtained from harmonic analysis for observed data on tiltmeter of different damping constant are different. The relation between frequency response and tidal factor is searched. It is necessary to calibrate absolutely tiltmeter to predict earthquake. In order to obtain any amount of ground tilt information, it is necessary to select appropriately different frequency tiltmeters to make comprehensive observation. The study is sponsored by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation, No. 91100.     

强震序列叠加时h值计算及其震情预测应用

在强震群活动中定量计算并扣除前面强震序列的影响是正确估算后续强震序列频度衰减系数ｈ值的关键。     

Using the TCEV distribution function with systematic and non-systematic data in a regional flood frequency analysis

Due to the social and economic implications, flood frequency analysis must be done with the highest precision. For this reason, the most suitable statistical model must be selected, and the maximum amount of information must be used. Floods in Mediterranean rivers can be produced by two different mechanisms, which forces the use of a non-traditional distribution like the TCEV. The information can be increased by using additional non-systematic data, or with a regional analysis, or both. Through the statistical gain concept, it has been shown that in most cases the use of additional non-systematic information can decrease the quantile estimation error in about 50%. In a regional analysis, the␣benefit of additional information in one station, is propagated to the rest of␣the␣stations with only a small decrease with respect to the at-site equivalent analysis.     

Micro-sequential contour blasting—how does it influence the surrounding rock mass?

The optimal delay time between the contour holes in rock blasting has been studied by theoretical and empirical research in Sweden, regarding ground vibrations, increase in crack frequency, radial crack length and finally overbreak (half cast factor). The model test presented in this paper concerns controlled contour blasting in tunnelling and the full-scale blasts concern tunnelling, road cutting, and dimensional stone quarrying. The results indicate that the microsequential contour blasting technique (contour holes fired in sequence and with a delay in the order of 1–2 ms) is superior to simultaneous initiation both regarding blast-induced ground vibrations and crack frequency increase in the rock mass. Both these evaluation methods reflects the conditions deeper in the remaining rock mass. Simultaneous initiation, however, is superior to micro-sequential contour blasting both regarding the half cast factor and the length of radial cracks emanating from the blastholes. These two parameters are more related to the surface conditions after blasting. The industrial applications of this new knowledge are the use of micro-sequential contour blasting when ground vibrations are of greater concern than the contour, for example, in trench blasting or quarrying in urban areas, and the use of simultaneous initiation when an even rock surface is of high priority.     

大地电磁标定曲线的畸变及校正

以野外实际工作为例,对大地电磁测深系统中磁探头的响应函数进行分析,总结了转角频率的偏高或偏低与视电阻率和相位曲线畸变之间的关系,提出了合理的校正方案。     

磁偶极子存在时导电水平圆柱体的场

将磁偶极子在导电水平圆柱体的场分解为单磁极的一次场、二次场、柱内场、柱外场。然后,由两个单磁极的场叠加而得到磁偶极子的场,并编程序对总场的频率响应函数的虚实分量二次磁场分别做了计算。     

高分辨率地震野外参数的选取

野外地震资料采集的质量直接关系到地震勘探的成败。保证野外资料采集质量的关键是采集参数的选择。参数选择得当,就能有效地拓宽有效波频带范围,提高有效波的主频。以松辽盆地北部太平屯—宋芳屯高分辨率地震勘探区块的实际地质参数及相应的地震资料为基础,结合前人的工作经验,从地震波运动学的角度,确定了该地区高分辨率地震资料采集的参数,并分析了它对分辨率的影响程度。     

一种新型机电传感器工作特性的研究

介绍一种新型机电传感器的工作原理,建立其频率响应特性方程,由幅频及相频特性曲线分析其工作特性。     

丽江7.0级地震的余震震源参数研究

本从ＰＤＲ－２数字化近源（６．２ｋｍ≤△≤４２ｋｍ）台网记录的丽江余震中初选了７４个地震，初定了震中位置，震中方位角。用相应的台网数据处理技术，研究了丽江地震序列的体波谱。对震级２．５≤Ｍ≤５．７、地震矩２１．４０≤ｌｏｎｇＭ０≤２３．２８的地震，得出了丽江地区地震系列的震源参数；以及Ｐ波、Ｓ波的ｌｏｇＭ０与Ｍｄ的关系式分别为：ｌｏｇＭ０＾ｐ＝０．６２Ｍｄ＋１９．９３；ｌｏｇＭ０＾ｓ＝０．５９Ｍ