杂交水稻制种最佳期的确定

针对杂交水稻制种对晴，雨天气敏感反应，根据建阳市降水资料，分析降水分布规律，采用历年６－９月逐日，各候连阴雨天气概率分布规律了连续１０天内遇阴雨天概率分布谷期，确定闽北地区杂交水稻制种的最佳期。     

2019年初浙江罕见连阴雨过程的成因分析

利用浙江省2019年2月地面气象观测资料、FY 2G红外云图资料、NCEP和ERA Interim再分析资料,对浙江省2019年冬末春初典型的连阴雨天气过程的成因进行了分析,得出以下结论：①连阴雨期间500 hPa极涡呈偶极型,主体持续收缩在北极附近,浙江位于700 hPa和850 hPa切变南侧稳定的西南气流及温度正距平中,对流层高层西风急流持续偏强、位置偏北,强度和位置变化超前于降雨;②源自孟加拉湾北部至青藏高原、中南半岛到南海的两条水汽通道持续输送水汽至我国华东地区,浙江同时受两条水汽带叠加影响时雨强达到最大,红外卫星云图分析可对水汽输送通道和天气形势作大致判断,提供降雨预报辅助性参考;③700 hPa湿Q矢量显著辐合区和850 hPa经向风0 m〖DK〗·s-1等风速线重叠的区域易出现明显降雨,集中降雨时段浙江上空存在很大的低层假相当位温和水汽通量的水平梯度,水汽输送带位于梯度区之上。     

基于二维连续小波变换的颗粒物数字粒径方法研究

对于海岸工程的研究而言,测定泥沙、砾石、卵石等颗粒物的中值粒径具有重要的研究意义。近年来,许多学者逐渐将统计学方法应用于分析泥沙等颗粒物的粒径大小及其级配分布,小波变换是该研究领域时新的统计计算数学方法之一。由于一维连续小波变换(1D-CWT)在估算颗粒数值粒径方面存在一定的局限性,本研究基于二维连续小波变换(2D-CWT),提出了新的颗粒物粒径统计学分析方法,用于估算筛分良好的颗粒物中值粒径。以玻璃珠、卵石块和砾石三类不同性质的颗粒物构建数字粒径实验分析样本,对新方法进行了测试和验证。研究表明基于2D-CWT的数字粒径分析方法能够快速、便捷地估算出筛分良好的颗粒物的中值粒径,且计算结果准确、稳定。相较于基于1D-CWT的数字粒径分析方法,2D-CWT方法在颗粒物数字粒径分析方面有着更高的计算成功率和更广的适用性。     

数据流管理若干关键问题的研究

面向数据流而设计的管理系统--数据流管理系统,能有效地处理输人数据流并提供持续查询的功能.从整体上分析了数据流管理系统的体系结构和构成要素,对数据流的数据模型和流查询进行了重点讨论.     

郑州-洛阳地区史前连续文化聚落的 K-means聚类挖掘研究

利用K-means聚类算法和GIS组件SuperMap Objects,开发了基于连续文化序列的空间数据挖掘系统,运用该系统对郑州—洛阳地区史前3个连续文化时期的聚落进行数据挖掘,提取聚落遗址群的聚类规则。通过对聚类规则的分析可知,在仰韶文化后期和龙山文化时期,那些靠近聚落群中心且面积较大的高等级聚落,在位置和交通方面都具有很大的优越性,具备中心聚落的特点,成为中心聚落的潜力大,有发展成为王都的趋势。     

Changes in climate,vegetation cover and vegetation composition affect runoff generation in the Gulf of Guinea Basin

Although considerable effort has been deployed to understand the impact of climate variability and vegetation change on runoff in major basins across Africa, such studies are scarce in the Gulf of Guinea Basin (GGB). This study combines the Budyko framework and elasticity concept along with geospatial data to fill this research gap in 44 nested sub-basins in the GGB. Annual rainfall from 1982 to 2021 show significant decreasing and increasing trends in the northern and southern parts of the GGB, respectively. Annual potential evapotranspiration (PET) also shows significant increasing trends with higher magnitudes observed in the northern parts of the GGB. Changing trends in climate variables corroborates with shift to arid and wetter conditions in the north and south, respectively. From 2000 to 2020 vegetation cover estimated using enhanced vegetation index (EVI) shows significant increasing trends in all sub-basins including those experiencing a decline in annual rainfall. Vegetation composition measured using vegetation continuous fields (VCFs) from 2000 to 2020 show an increase in tree canopy cover (TC), a decline in short vegetation cover and marginal changes in bare ground cover (BG). Elasticity coefficients show that a 10% increase in annual rainfall and PET may lead to a 33% increase and 24% decline in runoff, respectively. On the other hand, a 10% increase in EVI may lead to a 4% decline in runoff while a 10% increase in TC, SV and BG may reduce runoff by 4% and increase runoff by 3% and 2%, respectively. Even though changes are marginal, decomposing vegetation into different parameters using EVI and VCFs may lead to different hydrological effects on runoff which is one of the novelties of this study that may be used for implementing nature-based solutions. The study also demonstrates that freely available geospatial data together with analytical methods are a promising approach for understanding the impact of climate variability and vegetation change on hydrology in data-scarce regions.     

利用GPS连续站资料研究地壳运动与地震的关系

利用1999年以来的GPS连续站资料,引入数学形态滤波法,以单点、基线以及区域变化与震例相结合,分析了地壳水平运动与地震的关系,获得了可能反映地震短临前兆的几个特征。此外,对GPS连续站资料所反映的地震趋势进行了分析。     

云南地区近期地壳活动特性及强震影响分析

基于2014年以来云南地区GNSS连续观测资料,采用最小二乘配置、克里金插值等方法进行速度场、应变参数的求解,分析云南地区近期地壳活动特性及其强震影响。结果表明,以文山测点为基准的速度场存在整体的顺时针运动特性,且各测点运动方向存在差异;云南整体区域最大剪应变积累存在北强南弱、西强东弱的特性,目前滇西北地区最大剪应变增强最快,滇南至滇西南等区域挤压应变积累明显。2014年内的3次6级以上强震在宏观上与最大剪应变的空间分布保持了较好的一致性,且地震的发生并没有改变云南整体区域应力、应变分布格局和增长趋势。     

Stiffness Degradation of Undisturbed Saturated Soft Clay in Yangtze Estuary under Complex Stress Conditions

Stiffness degradation will occur due to the generation of accumulated pore pressure in saturated soft clays under cyclic loading. The soil static-dynamic multi-purpose triaxial and torsional shear apparatus in Dalian University of Technology was employed to perform different types of test on saturated soft marine clay in the Yangtze estuary. Undisturbed samples of the clay were subjected to undrained cyclic vertical and torsional coupling shear and cyclic torsional shear after three-directional anisotorpic consolidation with different initial consolidation parameters. Investigated were the effects of the initial orientation angle of the major principal stress, initial ratio of deviatoric stress, initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress and continuous rotation of principal stress axes on the stiffness degradation. It is found that the degradation index decreases (or degradation degree increases) significantly with increasing initial orientation angle of the major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress. Compared to the effects of the initial orientation angle of the major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress, the effect of initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress is less evident and this trend is more clearly reflected by the results of the cyclic torsional shear tests than those of the cyclic coupling shear tests. At the same cycle number, the degradation index obtained from the cyclic torsional shear test is higher than that from the cyclic coupling shear test. The main reason is that the continuous rotation in principal stress directions during cyclic coupling shear damages the original structure of the soil more than the cyclic torsional shear does. Based on a series of experiments, a mathematical model for stiffness degradation is proposed and the relevant parameters are determined.     

连续流同位素质谱测定水中溶解无机碳含量和碳同位素组成的方法研究

用连续流同位素质谱对水样中溶解无机碳含量和碳同位素组成的测量方法进行了研究,使用德国Finnigan公司DeltaPlusXP同位素质谱仪和GasBenchⅡ在线制样装置对实验室制备的四个实验室标准进行了反应流程、平衡时间、信号强度、数据精度、标准稳定性等检测,结果显示平衡时间大于4h检测信号达到稳定,同时发现44CO2信号强度和水样中溶解无机碳(DIC)浓度具有很好的相关性,因此可以利用信号强度来计算原样品中的DIC浓度。在四个实验室标准中,由NaHCO3配置的标准具有非常好的稳定性和精度,可以作为测试的工作标准。本方法测量水样中溶解无机碳的δ13C分析精度为0.1‰。本方法可以广泛应用于自然界各种水体中溶解无机碳(DIC)含量及其稳定碳同位素组成的分析。