基于保角变换的连续介质偏移成像

用偏移成像方法对速度各向异性介质进行成像时,存在水平同相轴及大倾角界面畸变的缺陷.本文采用基于保角变换的偏移成像方法对畸变缺陷进行校正.首先,利用保角变换法可将不规则边界的单连通区域转变成规则边界的原理,将规则边界的连续介质场转变成不规则边界的均匀介质场,使该均匀介质场更适应现有Stolt等偏移方法对速度场的要求;其次,对改变了区域的模型地震记录进行常规的偏移成像处理;再利用推导出的反变换公式对成像结果进行反变换,得出模型的真实偏移成像结果.文章对合成模型进行了试算,并将试算结果与模型进行了比较.     

花江喀斯特峡谷地区不同小生境土壤水分的动态研究

对花江流域喀斯特石质山地人工造林地不同小生境（土面、石槽、石沟）的土壤物理性质和土壤水分动态变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:石沟的水分状况最好,土面的居中,石槽的最差;一年中不同小生境出现高墒期、低墒期的时段不一致;不同小生境水分胁迫频繁发生,但出现的次数、程度、持续时间各不相同;在持续干旱期,三种小生境中,失水最快的是石槽,其次是石沟,最后是土面,7天内损失水量分别为17．30％,14．49％,13．87％;土面、石槽、石沟出现轻度胁迫的时间分别为6d、6d、7d,土面、石槽在7天后出现中度胁迫。花江喀斯特峡谷地区不同小生境一般持续放晴7天就可能出现水分胁迫,这个数据可以作为生产上植物补水时间的依据。总体而言,石沟的土壤水分状况优于土面和石槽。针对不同小生境的水分动态特征,提出了树种选择、配置和林地土壤水分管理的建议。      

空气反循环连续取样钻探技术在新疆乌什磷钒矿区的应用

通过选取合适的钻探设备和合理的钻进参数,空气反循环连续取样工艺在新疆乌什磷钒矿区取得了良好的应用效果。该工程实践表明,在缺水地区及岩矿样难采取的地层,空气反循环连续取样钻探技术取样率可达到100%,施工成本低,经济效益显著。介绍了施工设备、管材的配置及钻探施工工艺。     

流动注射液－液萃取分光光度法测定地质样品中的碘

研究了流动注射在线液液萃取技术，设计了一种既适用于水相又适用于有机相光度分析的流通池，进行了地质样品中痕量碘的在线萃取及光度测定，方法的富集因子５０，富集效率２５，测定样品速度为３０样次／ｈ，检出限为３８μｇ／Ｌ，对于２０μｇ／Ｌ的Ｉ－，其ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１１）为１７％，方法用于水系沉积物和土壤标样中碘的验证，结果与标准值吻合     

Influences of various grazing systems on community biomass of a desert grassland in Inner Mongolia, China

This study investigated the effects of various grazing systems, including continuous grazing, rotational grazing, and no-grazing systems, on the community biomass in the Stipa breviflora Griseb desert grassland during the grazing seasons in 2005, 2006, and 2007, based on study sites established in 1999. We found that the seasonal dynamics of the aboveground biomass were quite similar among the three treatments, which reached peak values in period from August to September during each study year. The continuous grazing system reduced the aboveground biomass from 2005 to 2007 under drought conditions, and the rotational grazing and no-grazing systems maintained more aboveground biomass than the continuous grazing system did. The belowground biomass declined with the increase of soil depth among the three treatments, and in the surface 20-cm soil layer it accounted for more than 60% of the total biomass. The belowground biomass was found to be highly correlated with soil depth under rotational grazing. The total belowground biomass within the 0–100-cm soil layer for rotational grazing was significantly higher than for continuous grazing and no-grazing, and had 15,775 kg/ha more biomass. Our results demonstrate that conservative rotational grazing can alleviate grassland deterioration by reserving more aboveground and belowground biomass than the continuous grazing system does.     

1961—2019年河南秋季连阴雨天气气候特征分析

利用河南省103个地面气象站1961—2019年逐日资料,采用滑动平均、小波分析、EOF分解等方法分析了河南区域性秋季连阴雨降水的时空分布特征,采用自组织神经网络方法(SOM)对河南区域性秋季连阴雨环流进行客观分型.结果表明:河南区域性秋季连阴雨以7—9 d的过程居多,其次为10 d以上过程.20世纪60年代和80年代...     

双向水平地震动作用对某钢筋混凝土连续梁桥易损性的影响

以双向水平地震动作为输入,对钢筋混凝土连续箱梁高架桥开展非线性动力时程分析.建立基于双向水平地震动强度参数的桥梁结构易损性曲面,比较单向及双向水平地震动输入下桥梁结构易损性差异,分析双向水平地震动输入下横桥向地震动强度对桥梁整体易损性的影响规律.研究结果表明,双向水平地震动输入下的桥梁结构易损性明显高于单向地震动输入的...     

设置负刚度装置的大跨长联连续梁桥地震反应分析

为完善大跨长联连续梁桥的减震和隔震技术,提出将负刚度装置引入某带有摩擦摆支座隔震的大跨长联连续梁桥中组成新型减震和隔震系统。基于CSIBridge软件建立全桥有限元模型,负刚度装置采用弹性多段线模拟,摩擦摆支座采用双线性恢复力模型,输入7条地震波进行了非线性时程分析,考查了新型减震和隔震系统下桥梁结构的地震反应,探究了负刚度系统对大跨长联隔震连续梁桥地震反应的影响。研究结果表明：在大跨长联隔震连续梁桥上布置负刚度装置后,梁体加速度及支座位移可被有效降低,近场地震动下的墩底内力也有明显减小。负刚度装置可有效提高大跨长联摩擦摆支座连续梁桥的抗震性能,负刚度装置也适用于大跨长联隔震连续梁桥。     

CORS系统卫星跟踪基准站建设的探讨

连续运行卫星定位服务系统主要包括系统控制中心和卫星跟踪基准站。本文着重讨论卫星跟踪基准站建设应考虑的因素和注意的问题。     

长江流域1961-2002年极端降水特征

The total precipitation of the highest 1 day, 3 day, 5 day and 7 day precipitation amount （R1 D, R3D, R5D and R7D） in the Yangtze River basin was analyzed with the help of linear trend analysis and continuous wavelet transform method. The research results indicated that： 1） Spatial distribution of RID is similar in comparison with that of R3D, R5D and R7D. The Jialingjiang and Hanjiang river basins are dominated by decreasing trend, which is significant at 〉95% confidence level in Jialingjiang River basin and insignificant at 〉95% confidence level in Hanjiang River basin. The southern part of the Yangtze River basin and the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin are dominated by significant increasing trend of RID extreme precipitation at 〉95% confidence level. 2） As for the R3D, R5D and R7D, the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin is dominated by significant increasing trend at 〉95% confidence level. The eastern part of the upper Yangtze River basin is dominated by decreasing trend, but is insignificant at 〉95% confidence level. The middle and lower Yangtze River basin is dominated by increasing trend, but insignificant at 〉95% confidence level. 3） The frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are intensified over time. Precipitation anomalies indicated that the southeastern part, southern part and southwestern part of the Yangtze River basin are dominated by positive extreme precipitation anomalies between 1993-2002 and 1961-1992. The research results of this text indicate that the occurrence probability of flash flood is higher in the western part of the upper Yangtze River basin and the middle and lower Yangtze River basin, esp. in the southwestern and southeastern parts of the Yangtze River basin.