基于伴随同化方法的Ekman模型垂向涡动黏性系数时间变化研究

为了得到一种有效的计算海水涡动黏性的途径,本文基于伴随同化方法,研究了Ekman模型中垂向涡动黏性系数(verticaleddyviscositycoefficient,VEVC)的时间变化。本文推导了时间变化VEVC的优化关系式,并利用理想实验对三个影响因素进行了探究,包括优化算法、初始猜测、观测深度,其主要结论是:(1)梯度下降法的优化效果优于共轭梯度法和有限记忆BFGS(limited-memoryBroyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno)法;(2)初始猜测值与实际值接近时,收敛速度更快,反演误差更小;(3)反演结果对表层和次表层的流速更为敏感。本文从百慕大试验站锚泊系统(Bermuda Testbed Mooring, BTM)的数据中提取了Ekman流速,并反演了VEVC的时间变化,实际实验结果表明:(1)对于实测数据而言,仍是梯度下降法优化效果最好;(2)将VEVC设置为时间变化型的反演策略,反演效果优于常数型和深度变化型;(3)该地区VEVC在0.01m~2/s左右。该研究为Ekman流的数值模拟提供了一种确定VEVC时间变化的有效方法,对于其他动力机制的研究具有一定的参考价值。     

Study on “buoyancy-viscous force” of slurry-like soils

In newly completed hydraulic-fill dump sites, the water content of dredged slurry is usually more than two times of the liquid limit, objects can be stabilized after penetrating into dredged slurry for a certain depth. This property can be defined as the “buoyancy-viscous force” of slurry-like soils in this study. To investigate the mechanism of specific bearing capacity of slurry-like soils, the interaction between the penetrating objects and the slurry was observed. Based on the boundary layer theory of viscous fluid and the energy conservation principle, a theoretical model was established to calculate the “buoyancy-viscous force” of slurry-like soils, and then validated by load-controlled penetration tests in laboratory. It is indicated that the model prediction agreed with the experimental results very well when the water content is more than two times of the liquid limit.     

Repacking practice for G-3 engineering driller power unit with drive shaft of dual channel reverse circulation

In order to satisfy operating requirements for constant core drilling technology in reverse circulation with hollow-through DTH, the power unit of G-3 engineering driller was ameliorated. The new one with dual channel drive shaft, achieved the perfect assemble with transmission structure of the original power unit. It could interconvert according to need by using two sets of drive shafts with direct and reverse circulation. The repacked G-3 engineering driller carried on experiment in the field test in Luanchuan molybdenum mine of Henan, whose effect was very good.     

虚拟压缩恢复法在确定位常数漂移中的应用

大地水准面重力位的系统误差或重力位漂移δW会直接影响地球外部重力场以及高程基准。传统的确定δW的方法比较复杂,不易实施。简述了虚拟压缩恢复法,并基于该法给出了漂移方程,用以确定大地水准面重力位δW。初步的模拟实验结果证实了漂移方程的可靠性和有效性。     

球等鞭金藻的生长速率与培养液中营养盐的关系研究

通过一次培养试验,分别研究了培养液中营养盐N、P、Si、Fe浓度变化对球等鞭金藻(Isochrysisgalbana)生长速率的影响。实验结果表明,生长速率与单一营养盐浓度符合Monod方程,而且将Monod方程扩展得到了可以表示多种营养盐对球等鞭金藻生长的复合限制模式。     

地震计恒温低湿智能监控仪研制

摆房温度、湿度变化过大,地震计会出现靠摆、卡摆、标定不合格等故障现象,直接影响观测质量。为确保地震计工作环境恒温、低湿,观测数据连续、可靠,研制地震计低温低湿智能监控仪。     

溶液法制备钻井泥浆用的钠羧甲基淀粉(CMS)的试验研究

淀粉是一种多羟基有机高分子化合物.利用相似相溶原理,以甲醇或乙醇为溶剂,溶解淀粉,制成的钠羧甲基淀粉不溶于乙醇,有利于生成物的分离提纯;同时一氯乙酸在醇溶液中的电离度低,对反应的影响较小,有利于反应的进行.此方法具有合成工艺简单,生产效率高,成本低等特点.     

Response of the Intensity of Subtropical High in the Northern Hemisphere to Solar Activity

Using the intensity data of each northern subtropical high measured by monthly 500 hPa height charts for the recent 38 years (1954-1991), we calculate their correlations with the monthly sunspot number and monthly solar radio flux at 10.7 cm wave length, respectively. Through strict test, we further confirm a series of high correlations. Next, using a method called the non-integer (year) wave, the significant response of each subtropical high’s intensity to so-lar activity at its main period of 10.9-year length is found. Special attention is paid to that of the eastern Pacific high, the possible mechanism of such sensible response is also analysed.     

基于广义S变换的吸收衰减技术在YP地区稠油识别中的应用

地震波在穿过含油气储层时,由于受油气流体的黏滞性和内摩擦力影响,在频率上会表现为高频衰减快、低频衰减慢的特征,在频谱上就表现为整体能量向低频移动,使得低频能量相对增强。同时,前人大量研究表明流体黏度越大,黏滞性越强,对地震波的吸收衰减效果越明显。在所研究的YP地区,油气运移到浅部成藏,经历了大量的生物降解作用,原油具有比重大、黏度大的特性。利用频率域的吸收衰减技术在研究区这种特性的油层进行了识别,最终实验结果与已钻井结果吻合度较好,预测井也与实钻井相吻合,验证了该技术在该区应用的可行性。     

正规半日潮海域潮汐不对称性及量化

潮汐变形是近岸潮汐的一个基本特征,潮汐不对称的判断及量化是一个重要的研究内容。传统的判别方法是通过M2分潮与其倍潮(M4、M6等)以及分潮K1、O1和M2等的相对振幅和相对相位实现。这些方法主要基于满足特定关系的分潮组的调和常数计算,不易应用于研究潮汐不对称在不同时间尺度的变化。针对正规半日潮海域,通过对潮汐不对称的分解,对潮汐不对称在一个涨落潮过程中的产生及量化进行了探讨。研究认为,近岸潮汐一个涨落过程的历时随潮汐过程变化,在一个涨落潮过程中,近岸的潮汐不对称不仅来自于M2分潮及其倍潮或K1、O1和M2等满足一定频率关系的分潮波组合,M2分潮与任何分潮叠加均可能导致涨落潮过程的不对称及其类型的潮间转换。潮汐不对称的大小与所选分潮与M2分潮的相位、振幅之间的关系密切。给出的潮汐不对称分解方法在正规半日潮海域具有一定的适用性,能够将不同分潮对潮汐不对称的贡献进行分离。但对于相对振幅大于1/2的分潮,此分解方法尚需进一步研究。