隧道中的地质雷达技术应用效果

地质雷达勘探技术以其独有高分辨率、高效率、无损检测的特点可满足超前地质预报施工要求，在隧道施工，能够准确预报掌子面前方岩体构造情况和不良地质体，对隧道混凝土衬砌常见的问题如：衬砌和围岩的结合部的缺陷、局部裂缝、衬砌厚度不足、土衬砌与围岩出现的脱空、回填欠实、富水区等进行有效的检测。     

测距仪周期误差及加常数的同时测定

文章提出的方法近似于平台法,但又有不同,不需要设置专用平台、检测可在室内进行,因此一般的测绘单位都可自己定期对测距仪进行检定,并且由于消除了外界因素的影响,使得检定结果更为可靠。     

高频电磁波测井同时求解视电导率和视介电常数

利用 Ｌａｍｂｅｒｔ Ｗ函数的性质,针对单发单收和单发双收两种电磁波测井仪器,给出 了一种求解视介电常数和视电导率的方法．理论分析和数值实验表明,该方法在计算速度和 精度方面,明显优于传统的求解复杂非线性方程组的方法．与查表方法相比,该方法不需要 预先计算大量图版,且精度较高．     

砂土应力-应变关系的加载速率效应分析

分析研究了两种砂土在排水平面应变压缩PSC试验和不排水三轴压缩TC试验条件下的加载速率效应,既实现了不同恒定应变率加载条件下的试验,也实现了不同的加载阶段采用不同的恒定应变率（即应变率分阶段变化）的试验。在加载速率为不同恒定应变率时,砂土的应力-应变响应是唯一的,与应变率无关。在加载速率分阶段变化时,依据应力-应变关系对应变率突变的响应程度,对砂土的加载速率效应进行了评价。分析结果表明,砂土应力-应变关系的加载速率效应表现为黏性消散特性,在应变率发生突变的瞬间,由于应变加速度的影响,应力-应变曲线也相应地突变并表现为刚度很大,近似弹性的特性,随着应变的进一步增加,这一近似弹性的行为逐渐消失。     

等应力比平面应变试验中主应力转换的研究

土的平面应变是岩土工程中常见的状态,其中零应变方向的主应力是十分复杂的。承德中密砂等应力比平面应变试验结果表明,平面应变状态下零应变方向的主应力在不同条件下可能是大主应力、中主应力或者小主应力。利用由等应力比三轴压缩试验确定的切线泊松比,可以合理地预测等应力比平面应变试验中零应变方向主应力的转换过程,这一认识对于一些实际工程问题的分析具有一定的意义。     

Trench infiltration for managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock

Managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock is increasingly being utilized to enhance resources and maintain sustainable groundwater development practices. One such target is the Navajo Sandstone, an extensive regional aquifer located throughout the Colorado Plateau of the western United States. Spreading‐basin and bank‐filtration projects along the sandstone outcrop's western edge in southwestern Utah have recently been implemented to meet growth‐related water demands. This paper reports on a new cost‐effective surface‐infiltration technique utilizing trenches for enhancing managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. A 48‐day infiltration trench experiment on outcropping Navajo Sandstone was conducted to evaluate this alternative surface‐spreading artificial recharge method. Final infiltration rates through the bottom of the trench were about 0·5 m/day. These infiltration rates were an order of magnitude higher than rates from a previous surface‐spreading experiment at the same site. The higher rates were likely caused by a combination of factors including the removal of lower permeability soil and surficial caliche deposits, access to open vertical sandstone fractures, a reduction in physical clogging associated with silt and biofilm layers, minimizing viscosity effects by maintaining isothermal conditions, minimizing chemical clogging caused by carbonate mineral precipitation associated with algal photosynthesis, and diminished gas clogging associated with trapped air and biogenic gases. This pilot study illustrates the viability of trench infiltration for enhancing surface spreading of managed aquifer recharge to permeable bedrock. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

液力衡扭旋冲提速工具及其在达深16井的应用

大庆油田深部地层岩石坚硬、研磨性强,运用常规手段钻进,单只钻头进尺少、寿命短且机械钻速较低。应用液力衡扭矩提速工具,有效解决了这些问题,显著提高了机械钻速和单只钻头的进尺。通过达深16井的现场试验证明,该工具能够使钻头的破岩方式在剪切的基础上附加机械冲击和高压水力脉冲,有效提高PDC钻头剪切岩层的效率,为深井提速提供了一种有效的手段。     

时间域激电中时间常数与金属因子的提取及应用

文章采用数字滤波正演、最优化反演等数值方法从实测时间域激电衰减曲线中提取时间常数、金属因子,多角度评价激电异常。在加拿大安大略省红湖金矿勘查中,应用该方法圈出4处异常,经过钻孔验证见矿,证实了该方法的有效性。相较于常规时间域激电法,该方法揭示激电异常信息的能力更强。