Experimental Study Optimizing Hole Cleaning-Cuttings Transport in Oil Drilling Engineering

With a clear understanding of the drilling fluid techniques and the cutting-taking mechanism, a new advanced model is set up for analyzing field data and quantitative forecast of cutting-taking mechanism. Therefore, a number of values affecting the drilling rate and the hole cleaning are studied over a wide range of parameters. Drilling data obtained under high-borehole-pressure conditions are analyzed to determine the causes of the reduction in rate of penetration (ROP) as the borehole pressure increases, which in some cases is caused by the buildup of rock debris under the bit. The theoretical achievement and testing conclusions can be very instructional for horizontal well drilling. Much higher annular velocities are required for effective hole cleaning in directional wells than in vertical wells. Highviscosity muds are observed to provide better transport than low-viscosity muds.     

高精度恒误差数字频率计设计

基于高精度恒误差测频原理,采用Ｌａｔｔｉｃｅ的在系统可编程器件（ｉｓｐＬＳＩ）进行数字频率计设计。结果表明,高精度恒误差测频原理是合理的,并对所采用的高精度恒误差测频原理作了深入的理论分析,给出了依据此原理实现的硬件电路。     

川北砂岩-泥岩系混合作用地球化学特征

根据沉积岩混合作用判别原理,应用元素铬－钍判别法,判明川北砂岩－泥岩系为二元混合成因。再根据二元混合元素丰度关系定律,由混合变换式求出丰度关系常数,认为川北砂岩－泥岩系既具有互稀释混合作用,又具有稀释混合作用,进而可以对沉积岩端员物质组成进行估算。     

润扬大桥北锚碇岩石流变特性的试验研究

为了解润扬长江大桥北锚基础岩石的流变力学特性,针对北锚基础区域的岩样,通过模拟其受力的实际情况,采用岩石双轴流变试验机进行了单轴压缩蠕变试验,并选用广义的Kelvin模型进行了参数拟合分析,掌握了岩石蠕变的基本规律,并获得了粘滞系数等相关的流变力学参数。     

湿雪的密实化与颗粒粗化过程研究

研究了处于自然状态下的湿雪的密实化和颗粒粗化过程.在野外观测的基础上,通过应用粘滞流体模型,发现与干雪相反,当湿雪的含水率达到一定程度(重量含水率约5%)后,粘滞度随密度增加而降低.通过粒径量测与颗粒大小分布统计发现,与含水饱和的雪相同,在湿雪演变过程中,不同时刻的雪粒粒径积累频率分布曲线形状基本相同,且与含水饱和雪的基本一致,说明含水不饱和的雪与含水饱和的雪在颗粒粗化过程中具有相同的粒径分布及其演进特征.分析还显示,含水不饱和雪的颗粒粗化速率比含水饱和雪的小得多.     

A reappraisal of postglacial decay times from Richmond Gulf and James Bay, Canada

Decay times inferred from relative sea‐level (RSL) histories of previously glaciated regions provide a potentially important constraint on mantle rheology. We present a new compilation of RSL data from Richmond Gulf and James Bay, Canada. This recompilation reveals errors in previous compilations that led to inaccurate estimates for the Richmond Gulf decay time in a series of recently published articles. We derive updated estimates for the decay time at Richmond Gulf and James Bay using a methodology that incorporates errors in both the age and the height of the sea‐level markers. This exercise is guided by a series of synthetic RSL calculations that show that decay time estimates in the region can be significantly biased if the RSL time‐series are not corrected for global eustatic sea‐level trends, or if the estimates are based on composite RSL histories derived by combining data from both the Richmond Gulf and the James Bay regions. Our decay time analysis for Richmond Gulf applies the pioneering approach of Walcott (1980) to a large database and we derive a value of 4.0–6.6 kyr, where the range is defined by a misfit tolerance 10 per cent higher than the minimum. Our analysis for James Bay is based on the uplift curve derived by Hardy (1976) , and we estimate a decay time of about 2.0–2.8 kyr. The difference between our estimates for Richmond Gulf and James Bay may be due to errors in the observational record from these regions, but could also be influenced by lateral variations in lithospheric structure associated with the assembly of Laurentia.