Evidence for Neotethys rooted within the Vardar suture zone from the Voras Massif, northernmost Greece

Three conflicting models are currently proposed for the location and tectonic setting of the Eurasian continental margin and adjacent Tethys ocean in the Balkan region during Mesozoic–Early Tertiary time. Model 1 places the Eurasian margin within the Rhodope zone relatively close to the Moesian platform. A Tethyan oceanic basin was located to the south bordering a large “Serbo-Pelagonian” microcontinent. Model 2 correlates an integral “Serbo-Pelagonian” continental unit with the Eurasian margin and locates the Tethys further southwest. Model 3 envisages the Pelagonian zone and the Serbo-Macedonian zone as conjugate continental units separated by a Tethyan ocean that was sutured in Early Tertiary time to create the Vardar zone of northern Greece and former Yugoslavia. These published alternatives are tested in this paper based on a study of the tectono-stratigraphy of a completely exposed transect located in the Voras Mountains of northernmost Greece. The outcrop extends across the Vardar zone, from the Pelagonian zone in the west to the Serbo-Macedonian zone in the east.Within the Voras Massif, six east-dipping imbricate thrust sheets are recognised. Of these, Units 1–4 correlate with the regional Pelagonian zone in the west (and related Almopias sub-zone). By contrast, Units 5–6 show a contrasting tectono-stratigraphy and correlate with the Paikon Massif and the Serbo-Macedonian zone to the east. These units form a stack of thrust sheets, with Unit 1 at the base and Unit 6 at the top. Unstacking these thrust sheets places ophiolitic units between the Pelagonian zone and the Serbo-Macedonian zone, as in Model 3. Additional implications are, first, that the Paikon Massif cannot be seen as a window of Pelagonian basement, as in Model 1, and, secondly, Jurassic andesitic volcanics of the Paikon Massif locally preserve a gneissose continental basement, ruling out a recently suggested origin as an intra-oceanic arc.We envisage that the Almopias (Vardar) ocean rifted in Triassic time, followed by seafloor spreading. The Almopias ocean was consumed beneath the Serbo-Macedonian margin in Jurassic time, generating subduction-related arc volcanism in the Paikon Massif and related units. Ophiolites were emplaced onto the Pelagonian margin in the west and covered by Late Jurassic (pre-Kimmeridgian) conglomerates. Other ophiolitic rocks formed within the Vardar zone (Ano Garefi ophiolite, Unit 4) in latest Jurassic–Early Cretaceous time and were not deformed until Early Tertiary time. The Vardar zone finally sutured in the Early Tertiary creating the present imbricate thrust structure of the Voras Mountains.     

Coastline configuration and geomorphologic development mode of arc-shaped coast in South China

1IntroductionArc-shaped bays are quite common on exposed sediment coast in South China, where the crenulate-bay beaches occur with the presence of two consecutive headlands and a predominant wave approach oblique to the alignment of the upcoast and downcoast headlands (Yasso, 1965). Oblique persistent swell striking a shoreline transports sediment alongshore and sculptures a coast into arc-shaped beaches. The shoreline of beach appearance mainly consists of straight segment and shadow segment…     

基于全球一体化的中原城市群城市竞争力研究

全球化背景下，城市群主导世界经济的趋势不可阻挡，关于城市群的研究随之也越来越受到人们的重视。近几年，中原城市群悄悄崛起，但只是一个雏形，还存在很多问题。为了更好的促进中原城市群的发育，特别是加强城市群内部各城市发挥特长、合理分工、优势互补，进而提升中原地区区域经济的发展水平，文章选用了九大类44项城市竞争力指标，建立了城市竞争力的指标体系，从定量的角度对中原城市群的城市竞争力进行了排序、对比、分析，其城市竞争力排名依次是郑州、济源、洛阳、焦作、漯河、新乡、许昌、平顶山及开封。得到的结论如下：(1)首位城市竞争力强，但还没有发挥核心城市的作用。(2)工业型的城市经济实力竞争力强。(3)农业型城市的经济竞争力较弱。(4)产业竞争力和资金实力是影响城市综合竞争力的主要因子。(5)个别城市的单项指标存在异常点，显现出其优劣势。最后根据分析结果，笔者提出了四点优化对策，为城市群中的城市定位、产业分工、资源优化配置及相应区域互动政策的制定提供决策依据。     

利用AMTIS数据反演植被和土壤温度

遥感陆面温度 (LST)是目前遥感界面临的重要课题 ,组分温度反演则为LST反演的主攻目标。如果混合像元组分间的温度及发射率存在明显差别 ,就可以从多角度热辐射亮度变化中分离出组分温度的信息。在热辐射矩阵模型的基础上 ,讨论了确定可反演参数和反演组分温度的方法 ,并以AMTIS多角度热红外图像为数据源 ,在进行几何和大气纠正后 ,尝试利用矩阵反演方法分解混合像元中的植被和土壤温度。误差分析表明土壤温度反演结果较好 ,但植被温度的反演精度不高     

基于方差分量估计的自适应融合导航

多源传感器观测信息的精度一般不一致,利用方差分量估计理论可以合理地顾及各传感器观测信息在融合导航解中的权比.首先给出基于多源观测信息的融合导航解算模式,进而基于方差分量估计讨论了各传感器观测信息在融合导航解中的合理平衡问题,然后应用自适应因子顾及动力学模型预报信息的贡献,给出了计算过程,并利用模拟数据进行了试算与比较.     

Estimation of regional material yield from coastal landslides based on historical digital terrain modelling

High‐resolution historical (1942) and recent (1994) digital terrain models were derived from aerial photographs along the Big Sur coastline in central California to measure the long‐term volume of material that enters the nearshore environment. During the 52‐year measurement time period, an average of 21 000 ± 3100 m³ km^?1 a^?1 of material was eroded from nine study sections distributed along the coast, with a low yield of 1000 ± 240 m³ km^?1 a^?1 and a high of 46 700 ± 7300 m³ km^?1 a^?1. The results compare well with known volumes from several deep‐seated landslides in the area and suggest that the processes by which material is delivered to the coast are episodic in nature. In addition, a number of parameters are investigated to determine what influences the substantial variation in yield along the coast. It is found that the magnitude of regional coastal landslide sediment yield is primarily related to the physical strength of the slope‐forming material. Coastal Highway 1 runs along the lower portion of the slope along this stretch of coastline, and winter storms frequently damage the highway. The California Department of Transportation is responsible for maintaining this scenic highway while minimizing the impacts to the coastal ecosystems that are part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. This study provides environmental managers with critical background data on the volumes of material that historically enter the nearshore from landslides, as well as demonstrating the application of deriving historical digital terrain data to model landscape evolution. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nonlinear free thermal convection in a spherical shell:A variable viscosity model

Introduction The velocity field of surface plate motion can be split into a poloidal and a toroidal parts.At the Earth′s surface,the toroidal component is manifested by the existence of transform faults,and the poloidal component by the presence of convergence and divergence,i.e.spreading and subduc-tion zones.They have coupled each other and completely depicted the characteristics of plate tec-tonic motions.The mechanism of poloidal field has been studied fairly clearly which is related to …     

Primary component analysis method and reduction of seismicity parameters

Introduction Data mining (SHAO and YU, 2003) is a new kind of technique developed with database and artificial intelligence in recent years, which processes the data in the database to abstract the im- plied and pre-unknown, but potentially useful information and knowledge from large amounts of incomplete, noisy, blurring and stochastic data. For data mining, data purging is an important link beforehand that includes eliminating noise, making up lost domain, and deleting ineffective data, as…