Honvang serpentinite body of the Song Ma fault zone, Northern Vietnam: A remnant of oceanic lithosphere within the Indochina–South China suture

The Honvang serpentinite body in the Song Ma fault zone consists mainly of massive serpentinite, altered gabbro and rare chromitite. The serpentinite preserves relict chromian spinel with rare olivine inclusions. The compositional relationship between the Fo content of olivine (Fo_90–92) and Y_Cr [atomic ratio Cr / (Cr + Al) = 0.43–0.44] of chromian spinel suggests that the original peridotite was spinel-bearing lherzolitic harzburgite. Chromitite is typically a high-Al type, consisting of chromian spinel with Y_Cr = 0.43–0.44. Saussuritized fine-grained gabbros display nearly flat rare earth element patterns, suggesting MORB-like affinity. Considering this petrotectonic information, we suggest that the serpentinite body of the Song Ma fault zone represents a remnant of paleo-oceanic lithosphere between the Indochina and South China blocks. The lherzolitic harzburgite may have formed in an environment with low degrees of melt depletion in a slow-spreading setting similar to some Tethyan paleo-oceanic lithospheres.     

大陆科学钻探CCSD-PP3钻孔超镁铁岩岩石学和矿物学特征及其意义

PP3超镁铁岩在钻孔中出露厚度达480米,包括纯橄岩、石榴橄榄岩和闪石化金云母橄榄岩等岩石类型。岩石主要组成矿物橄榄石、铬尖晶石、石榴子石、单斜辉石和斜方辉石等。橄榄石为镁橄榄石(Fo在88.7-93.1之间),SiO2含量在38.8wt.%-42.4wt.%;石榴子石为钙饱和的镁铝榴石(Py65.945Alm18.095Uv7.518Gr4.695And3.605Sp0.142),MgO含量在16.77wt.%-20.04wt.%,CaO含量在5.4到6.4wt.%之间,Cr2O3含量在0.3到3.3wt.%,FeO含量在2.48wt.%-11.78wt.%,TiO2含量小于0.04wt.%,代表早期矿物组合;两类斜方辉石的成分都为顽火辉石(OpxⅠ:En91.86Fs7.80Wo0.34,OpxⅡ:En91.83Fs7.91Wo0.21Ac0.06)。斜方辉石Mg#(Mg/(Mg Fe)×100)在91.7-92.5间,Cr2O3含量低于0.32wt.%,CaO含量在0.102-0.199wt.%间,Al2O3含量为0.32-1.06wt.%,均值在0.72wt.%;单斜辉石可分为早期透辉石(Wo45.98En47.89Fs2.73Ac3.39)和晚期顽透辉石(Wo27.61En68.78Fs2.27Ac1.34)两种。铬尖晶石的Cr#(Cr/(Cr Mg)×100)从51到89变化,TiO2和MnO2含量分别低于0.26wt%和0.46wt%。橄榄石、铬尖晶石和单斜辉石等矿物组合表现为3-4期次的特点。     

NiFe2O4—ZnFe2O4尖晶石固溶体中的离子占位

在１＊１０＾５Ｐａ,１４００℃条件下实验合成了不同成分的Ｎｉ（１－ｘ）ＺｎｘＦｅ２Ｏ４尖晶石,并将部分尖晶石在１１００℃和１６１０℃条件下重新平衡。采用粉晶Ｘ射线衍射法测定了尖晶石的晶胞参数。将实测的尖晶石晶胞参数与理论计算值进行对比,结果发现,在温度小于１４００℃时Ｎｉ（１－ｘ）ＺｎｘＦｅ２Ｏ４尖晶石中的四面体主要由Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋占据,而八面体主要由Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋占据,但至少当温     

Serpentinized Peridotites at the North Part of the Wadi Allaqi District (Egypt): Implications for the Tectono-Magmatic Evolution of Fore-arc Crust

The Neoproterozoic Allaqi-Heiani suture （800-700 Ma） in the south Eastern Desert of Egypt is the northernmost linear ophiolitic belt that defines an arc-arc suture in the Arabian- Nubian shield （ANS）. The Neoproterozoic serpentinized peridotites represent a distinct lithology of dismembered ophiolites along the Allaqi-Heiani suture zone. The alteration of peridotites varies, some contain relicts of primary minerals （Cr-spinel and olivine） and others are extremely altered, especially along thrusts and shear zones, with development of talc, talc-carbonate and quartz-carbonate. The fresh cores of the chromian spinels are rimmed by ferritchromite and Cr- magnetite. The fresh chromian spinels have high Cr# （0.62 to 0.79）, while Mg# shows wider variation （0.35-0.59）. High Cr# in the relict chromian spinels and Fo content in the primary olivines indicate that they are residual peridotites after extensive partial melting. The studied ophiolitic upper mantle peridotites are highly depleted and most probably underwent high degrees of partial melting at a supra-subduction zone setting. They can be produced by up to -20%-22% dynamic melting of a primitive mantle source. The mineralogical and geochemical features of the studied rocks reflect that the mantle peridotites of the north part of the Wadi Allaqi district are similar to the fore-arc peridotites of a supra-subduction zone.     

东天山圪塔山口铜镍矿区镁铁-超镁铁质岩体橄榄石与尖晶石矿物学特征

新近发现的圪塔山口含铜镍矿化镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于新疆东天山黄山-镜儿泉铜镍矿带东端,共有4个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号岩体均见铜镍硫化物矿化,研究表明其形成时代(282Ma)及岩浆来源与东天山地区其它铜镍矿化镁铁-超镁铁质岩体一致。本文对主要造岩矿物橄榄石及副矿物尖晶石进行了显微镜下观察及电子探针分析,结果表明橄榄石Fo值介于83.1~86.6之间,平均85.2,为贵橄榄石,其Ni含量变化于1273×10-6~2719×10-6,平均1918×10-6;尖晶石根据铝含量的不同可以分为高铝和低铝两种。圪塔山口岩浆为地幔源区发生15.8%~18.8%的部分熔融,并有过剩橄榄石加入的玄武质岩浆经结晶分异作用形成的派生岩浆。对橄榄石分离结晶和硫化物熔离的计算模拟表明橄榄石结晶前,岩浆已经达到S饱和,结晶过程始终伴随硫化物的熔离作用,虽然早期结晶的橄榄石与硫化物熔体间发生了Fe-Ni交换,但仍有很好的铜镍成矿潜力。     

Provenance of the Late Permian Xuanwei Formation in the Upper Yangtze Block: Constraints from the Sedimentary Record and Tectonic Implications

Xuanwei Formation is composed of mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone, with local conglomerate. However, its provenance and tectonic setting have been scarcely studied. In this paper, we use sedimentology, electron probe microanalysis(EPMA), and detrital zircon dating to investigate its source area and depositional tectonic setting. The facies assemblages indicate that it formed in alluvial fan and fluvial river sedimentary environments. The strata thicknesses and facies distribution indicate that the sediment supply was from the west. The results of EPMA show that chromian spinels within the sediments are characterized by high Cr# and varying Mg#. Discrimination plots suggest that these spinels were sourced from large igneous province(LIP) magmatic rocks. The laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb chronology of detrital zircons suggests that the sediments were derived from intermediate–acid igneous rocks dating back to 251–260? Ma. We could, therefore, conclude that the provenance of the Xuanwei Formation is from Emeishan basalt and synchronous felsic igneous rocks, which is consistent with the composition of the detrital framework. The detrital zircon dates also suggest that felsic magmatism occurred during the Late Permian, not after the eruption of the Emeishan basalt. Based on the sedimentary successions and provenance analysis, the tectonic setting for Xuanwei Formation deposition was a volcanic rifted margin.     

祁连山西段蛇绿岩型超基性岩特征及其地质意义

本文对祁连山西段具有代表性的大拉排沟等6个超基性岩体的岩石学,主要元素、微量元素及副矿物铬尖晶石特征作了深入的研究,认为分布于祁连造山带的蛇绿岩型超基性岩,具有分异后的上地幔组成特点,其成岩作用比较复杂。岩体主要由方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩构成,为钙碱性系列的镁质超基性岩类。岩石化学成分具高MgO、Na₂O,而低Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、K₂O特征。同时,微量元素分析表明,该类岩体均起源于分异作用相对较小的深部地幔。     

铬尖晶石和石榴石的相变:大陆科学钻探CCSD-PP3孔超镁铁岩超高压变质作用的证据

PP3超镁铁岩主要岩石类型有纯橄岩和石榴石橄榄岩,两者为渐变,主要矿物为橄榄石、铬尖晶石、石榴石、单斜辉石和斜方辉石.铬尖晶石的Cr#[Cr/(Cr+Mg) ×100]从51~89变化,TiO₂和MnO₂值分别低于0.26%和0.46%.铬尖晶石矿物表现为4期次演化的特点,反映了从岩浆期、榴辉岩相、角闪岩相和绿片岩相演化特征.随着超镁铁岩的演化,铬尖晶石表现为Cr#不断增大,而Mg#[Mg×100/(Mg+Fe2+) ]不断减少、氧逸度不断增加的过程.PP3铬尖晶石反映了地幔来源,为大陆岩石圈超镁铁岩特征,后期随折返而演化.从石榴石与铬尖晶石相互转变过程看出,PP3超镁铁岩经历了深度加大的过程,超镁铁岩曾经到达100km以上的岩石圈地幔深处.在绿片岩相-绿片角闪岩相变质过程中,铬尖晶石中Cr、Mg和Al减少,Fe相对增加,产生富Cr尖晶石变质作用样式.晚期剪切变形等次生变化影响了铬尖晶石矿物成分.      

Mineralogical Characteristics of Exsolved Spinel in the Panzhihua V-Ti Magnetite Deposit, Sichuan: Implications for the Mineralization Process

Spinel exsolution is widespread in titanomagnetite from the Fe-Ti oxide gabbro of the Panzhihua intrusion, Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China. However, little research has been conducted into the implications of patterns in the mineralogical characteristics of the spinel for spatial variation in the controls on the exsolution mechanism and, hence, the formation process of the ore deposit. This study selected the Lanjiahuoshan Ore Block in the Panzhihua V-Ti magnetite deposit to explore this issue, systematically studying exsolution textures in the titanomagnetite through petrographic observation and the integrated use of in-situ microanalysis. The results show that the exsolved spinel gradually becomes finer-grained and less abundant from the center to edge and the bottom to top of the ore bodies. Compositionally, there is an inverse correlation between the size of exsolved spinel grains and their Mg# value. In addition, there is compositional zonation in the spinel interiors, with a gradual increase in the Mg content and decrease in Fe content from the core to the rim. The analysis suggests that fractional crystallization of ferrotitanium magma with a high oxygen fugacity in a shallow magma chamber caused compositional differences in the primary magnetite solid solution in different parts of the Panzhihua intrusion. Additionally, the thermal evolution of the magnetite solid solution differed in different parts of orebody, bringing about variations in spinel development. Together, these effects resulted in spatial variation in the abundance, grain size, and morphology of spinel in different parts of the orebody and intrusion that follows an identifiable distribution law. Furthermore, the compositional zonation of exsolved spinels reflects the rapid growth of exsolution features in a high-temperature environment. Thus, the size, morphology, abundance, and composition of spinel exsolution features in titanomagnetite provide a valuable petrogenetic tool for estimating the maturity and formational environment of the deposit.     

高温高压下Mg2SiO4-MgAlO4体系相变的实验研究

采用多顶砧高压实验装置研究了Mg2SiO4-MgAl2O4体系在压力为22 GPa,温度为1550～1750℃条件下的相变,并考查了Al2O3在γ相中的固溶度.结果表明,随着体系中MgAl2O4组分含量的增加,相组合发生了变化,依次为γ相+镁铝硅酸盐固溶体+方镁石→镁铝硅酸盐固溶体+方镁石→镁铝硅酸盐固溶体+方镁石+刚玉固溶体;镁铝硅酸盐固溶体具有石榴子石结构,其化学成分随着体系中共存相的改变而有所变化;Al2O3在γ相中的固溶度很低(其重量百分比＜0.8%),因此,在Mg2SiO4-MgAl2O4体系中Al2O3可能对γ相超尖晶石分解转变的压力不会有很大的影响.