A three-dimensional multi-level turbulence model for tidal motion

A three-dimensional multi-level turbulence model is developed to simulate tide induced circulation in coastal waters. Based on the bathymetry data, the coastal waters are divided into a number of layers. In every layer, the velocities are integrated along the layer depth. The eddy viscosity and diffusivity are computed from the Prandtl mixing length turbulence model. This multi-level model solves for the water surface elevations and currents in different water depths. Comparison of numerical results with the measured data shows good conformity.     

渤海水域初级生产力10年间的变化

根据 1982～1983 年和 1992～1993 年对渤海水域生产力调查资料的分析对比,探讨了渤海水域浮游植物现存量(叶绿素 a)及其初级生产力 10a 间的变化, 发现叶绿素 a 由105m g／m 3 减少到 061m g／m 3 ,初级生产力由 312m g／m 2d 下降到 216m g／m 2d,下降的幅度大约为(30～40)×10－ 2 ．但叶绿素 a 与初级生产力的空间分布与季节变化特征基本一致。     

福建南部沿海的江豚

在闽南厦门至漳浦沿海获22只江豚,根据背部棘状小结节的数量与分布,可明显分为两个亚种,即指名亚种(N.P.Phocaenoides,81%)和北方亚种(N.P.Sunameri,19%),表明本海域是几个亚种的混栖地带,分析了这些江豚的外部形态和种群结构,测定了脂肪层及各内脏的重量.     

The effect of submarine groundwater discharge on nutrient and salinity regimes in a coastal lagoon off Perth, Western Australia

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into a coastal lagoon off Perth, Western Australia, contains nitrate and silicate in concentrations two orders of magnitude higher than those of the receiving waters. This discharge delivers enough nitrate to replace that dissolved in the lagoon water mass about every eight days and enough silicate to replace the lagoon silicate in about 48 days. The delivery rate of nitrate nitrogen by SGD is equal to about 48% of that required for observed growth rates of lagoon macrophytes. Surface salinity is lower close to the shore as a result of SGD. During calm conditions a salinity front was observed in the lagoon, with a nearshore pool of nutrient-enriched water floating above the more saline ocean water.     

天津海域春夏季节游泳动物的组成特征

根据2014年5月及8月在天津海域进行的底拖网调查资料,对该海域游泳动物组成特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,在该海域共捕获游泳动物36种,平均资源密度为126 297.13个/km~2和1 494.40 kg/km~2。以个体密度计算群落多样性,Shannon-Wiener种类多样性指数H′平均为1.803,Margalef种类丰富度指数d平均为0.592,Pielou种类均匀度指数J平均为0.537。资源密度及物种多样性,8月均优于5月。优势种为口虾蛄,重要种为火枪乌贼、日本、斑、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼。天津近岸海域游泳动物渔业资源呈现出低质化的趋势。     

Primary productivity in the western tropical Pacific and equatorial warm waters

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大地震前体应变临震异常现象

本文对2011年1月至2014年4月间全球发生的80次MS≥7.0级地震前,二张营台和天堂河台Sacks体应变临震异常现象进行了研究,针对复杂震例提出了异常识别的前提条件。统计结果显示,体应变观测对震中距为8000km范围内的MS≥7.0级地震映震和前兆异常反映较好。同时,对异常现象进行了分类和描述,划分了三种异常类型：即固体潮畸变型、突变型和慢地震型,并对各种类型作了统计分析,进行了力学性质初步探讨。从研究结果来看,体应变异常信息对未来全球强震的发生具有一定的预示意义。     

螺杆钻定向钻探技术研究与应用

论述了螺杆钻定向钻探配套器具的研究、施工工艺及应用典型实例，提出了今后液项技术的发展方向。     

厦门沿岸海域2种虾虎鱼染色体核型的比较

采用鱼鳍细胞空气干燥法制片,Giemsa染色,对厦门沿岸海域2种虾虎鱼的染色体核型进行了分析研究.其中,犬牙缰虾虎鱼（Amoya caninus）的染色体数目为2n=50,臂数为NF=84,有8对中部着丝点染色体（M）,7对亚中部着丝点染色体（SM）,2对亚端部着丝点染色体（ST）和8对端部着丝点染色体（T）.髭缟虾虎鱼（Tridentiger barbatus）的染色体数目为2n=44,臂数为NF=68,有5对中部着丝点染色体（M）,6对亚中部着丝点染色体（SM）,1对亚端部着丝点染色体（ST）和10对端部着丝点染色体（T）.未发现有异形染色体.其中犬牙缰虾虎鱼的染色体数目是文献中尚未报道的1类虾虎鱼染色体类型.     

An efficient and robust approach to predict ship self-propulsion coefficients

Achieving a reliable and accurate numerical prediction of the self-propulsion performance of a ship is still an open problem that poses some relevant issues. Several CFD methods, ranging from boundary element methods (BEM) to higher-fidelity viscous Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) based solvers, can be used to accurately analyze the separate problems, i.e. the open water propeller and the hull calm water resistance. However, when the fully-coupled self-propulsion problem is considered, i.e. the hull advancing at uniform speed propelled by its own propulsion system, several complexities rise up. Typical flow simplifications adopted to speed-up the simulations of the single analysis (hull and propeller separately) lose their validity requiring a more complex solver to tackle the fully-coupled problem. The complexity rises up further when considering a maneuver condition. This aspect increases the computational burden and, consequently, the required time which becomes prohibitive in a preliminary ship design stage.The majority of the simplified methods proposed in literature to include propeller effects, without directly solve the propeller flow, in a high-fidelity viscous solver are not able to provide all the commonly required self-propulsion coefficients. In this work, a new method to enrich the results from a body force based approach is proposed and investigated, with the aim to reduce as much as possible the computational burden without losing any useful result. This procedure is tested for validation on the KCS hull form in self-propulsion and maneuver conditions.