基于三维GIS的地下电力管线管理系统的设计与实现

电力企业的输配电方式有架空线路和地下电力电缆及管线,它们负责为千家万户传送光明和能量,随着城市电缆化率的提升,地下电缆已变成电力公司重要的基础设施之一,是其赖以生存和发展的"生命线"。本文借助3S技术和传统测绘手段,采集地下电力管网基础数据,开发三维电力管线管理系统,对电缆数据录入建模、绘制各种专题图,实现地下电力管线从规划到建设、从运行到维护的全周期安全管理。     

滩海铺管敷缆船总体设计

针对胜利石油管理局“滩海铺管敷缆船”总体设计情况，分别从设计指标、基本功能、主要性能参数、关键技术和总体布置等几个方面进行了较详细的介绍。该装备具有性能指标先进、设备装备精良、工艺流程合理、安全可靠和注重环保的特点，适用于我国浅海油田及其它相同情况海域。     

On the motions of the underwater remotely operated vehicle with the umbilical cable effect

In this paper, a hydrodynamic model is developed to simulate the six degrees of freedom motions of the underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) including the umbilical cable effect. The corresponding hydrodynamic forces on the underwater vehicle are obtained by the planar motion mechanism test technique. With the relevant hydrodynamic coefficients, the 4th-order Runge–Kutta numerical method is then adopted to solve the equations of motions of the ROV and the configuration of the umbilical cable. The multi-step shooting method is also suggested to solve the two-end boundary-value problem on the umbilical cable with respect to a set of first-order ordinary differential equation system. All operation simulations for the ROV including forward moving, ascending, descending, sideward moving and turning motions can be analyzed, either with or without umbilical cable effect. The current effect is also taken into consideration. The present results reveal that the umbilical cable indeed significantly affects the motion of the ROV and should not be neglected in the simulation.     

Deep CTD Casts in the Challenger Deep,Mariana Trench

On 1 December 1992, CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth profiler) casts were made at three stations in a north-south section of the Challenger Deep to examine temperature and salinity profiles. The station in the Challenger Deep was located at 11°22.78′ N and 142°34.95′ E, and the CTD cast was made down to 11197 db or 10877 m, 7 m above the bottom by reeling out titanium cable of 10980 m length. The southern station was located at 11° 14.19′ N and 142°34.79′ E, 16.1 km from the central station, where water depth is 9012 m. CTD was lowered to 7014 db or 6872 m. The northern station was located at 11°31.47′ N and 142° 35.30′ E, 15.9 km from the central station, and CTD was lowered to 8536 db or 8336 m, 10 m above the bottom. Below the thermocline, potential temperature decreased monotonously down to 7300–7500 db beyond a sill depth between 5500 m and 6000 m, or between 5597 db and 6112 db, of the trench. Potential temperature increased from 7500 db to the bottom at a constant rate of 0.9 m°C/1000 db. Salinity increased down to 6020–6320 db, and then stayed almost constant down to around 9000 db. From 9500 db to the bottom, salinity increased up to 34.703 psu at 11197 db. Potential density referred to 8000 db increased monotonously down to about 6200 db, and it was almost constant from 6500 db to 9500 db. Potential density increased from 9500 db in accordance with the salinity increase. Geostrophic flows were calculated from the CTD data at three stations. Below an adopted reference level of 3000 db, the flow was westward in the north of Challenger Deep and eastward in the south, which suggests a cyclonic circulation over the Challenger Deep. Sound speed in Challenger Deep was estimated from the CTD data, and a relation among readout depth of the sonic depth recorder, true depth, and pressure was examined.     

海缆安全影响因素评述

通过对国内外威胁海缆安全因素的研究资料和研究成果的分析，全面论述了影响海缆安全因素的种类及其对海缆的可能破坏方式和破坏的严重程度。简要说明了不同因素对海缆威胁的可能原因与相应的预防措施，为海缆安全运营提供科学的理论依据。     

深海观测系统脐带缆形态分析及计算

通过对水下拖曳系统脐带缆索的受力情况、形态进行分析，建立了三维空间缆索的物理模型和数学模型，并在此基础上编制了计算程序，对6000m深海观测系统脐带缆的性状进行了模拟计算，其结果为深拖系统最佳缆长的确定提供了理论依据。     

降雨入渗条件下预应力锚索加固边坡稳定性分析

根据目前边坡失稳案例统计,导致边坡失稳破坏的原因多为降雨入渗,目前大多学者对自然边坡在降雨入渗条件下的失稳机理做了大量研究,但是对于不同降雨入渗条件下边坡加固结构及其稳定性是如何随降雨强度的变化而发生改变的研究却较少。以云南昆明某边坡为研究对象,考虑土体饱和-非饱和渗流理论及非饱和强度理论,通过有限元软件MIDAS-GTS分析研究降雨动态过程中边坡加固结构内力的变化规律及边坡的稳定性变化规律。研究发现:①当降雨时长一定时,降雨强度越大,非饱和区越小,负孔隙水压力降低越明显,安全系数越差;②随着降雨入渗的进行,边坡下滑力增大,抗滑力逐渐变小;③降雨入渗对原始边坡的稳定性影响较大,但是对加固后边坡的稳定性影响相对较小;④预应力锚索轴力随着降雨时长增大而增大,当降雨时长一定时,锚索轴力随降雨强度增大而增大。     

GPS在长输管道同沟光缆施工中的应用

近年来,油气田光缆施工大多采用与长输管道同沟敷设方式,但因征地、跨越农田地段和穿越等复杂多变环境,管道施工经常采用跳跃式施工,光缆自然不可能实现按顺序连续敷设。采用传统测量方式,耗时、效率低、误差大。如采用GPS测量方式,既能达到精确配盘保证施工质量,又能减轻劳动强度、减少作业时间,同时节省材料降低施工成本,且形成的数字化资料对用户今后光缆巡线、抢修和维护也都十分方便。     

桂柳高速公路边坡预应力锚索加固方案设计

本设计为桂柳高速公路K444＋710~822上行线边坡预应力锚索加固方案设计。通过对不稳定边坡区的地貌及岩性、地质构造特征、气候及水文地质条件以及边坡变形破坏形成机制分析,简单的进行边坡加固方案论证并提出最佳的加固方案,对该方案进行详细设计。经过多个雨季的考验,证明所提出的加固方案科学可行。     

钢锚墩在锦屏一级水电站地下厂房的运用

锦屏一级水电站地下厂房地应力高,分层开挖完成后随着地应力的释放及重新分布,局部岩体出现压碎、层状劈裂破坏,围岩松弛深度及变位不断加深、加大。为了尽快实现锚索锚固支护效应以确保地下厂房洞室群围岩稳定和工程安全,施工时将部分原设计现浇混凝土锚墩调整为钢锚墩进行施工,取得了较好的质量、进度效果。主要介绍了钢锚墩的施工工艺、质量控制要点及其与混凝土锚墩的工效对比分析。