A practical and efficient numerical scheme for the analysis of steady state unconfined seepage flows

The scaled boundary finite‐element method (SBFEM), a novel semi‐analytical technique, is applied to the analysis of the confined and unconfined seepage flow. This method combines the advantages of the finite‐element method and the boundary element method. In this method, only the boundary of the domain is discretized; no fundamental solution is required, and singularity problems can be modeled rigorously. Anisotropic and nonhomogeneous materials satisfying similarity are modeled without additional efforts. In this paper, SBFE equations and solution procedures for the analysis of seepage flow are outlined. The accuracy of the proposed method in modeling singularity problems is demonstrated by analyzing seepage flow under a concrete dam with a cutoff at heel. As only the boundary is discretized, the variable mesh technique is advisable for modeling unconfined seepage analyses. The accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency of the method are demonstrated by modeling several unconfined seepage flow problems. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the hydraulic intake shape factor for a circular opening located at an impervious boundary: Influence of inclined stratification

In this paper, we develop an exact closed form solution for a circular entry point located at the interface between an impermeable material and a stratified porous medium, where the principal plane of hydraulic isotropy is inclined to the interface. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Scattering of elastic wave by a partially sealed cylindrical shell embedded in poroelastic medium

Scattering of an elastic wave by a cylindrical shell embedded in poroelastic medium is investigated theoretically with the assumption that the shell material is also a porous elastic medium. The porous medium is modellized via Biot's theory and the scattering by cylindrical shell is expressed by the definition of scattering matrix. The normal mode expansion technique is employed for analysing the scattering field, and the asymptotic solutions of displacements, stresses and pore pressure are derived. Two limiting cases‐scattering by a poroelastic cylinder in Biot medium and a elastic cylindrical shell in elastic medium are obtained from the general solutions. The dispersion curves of displacement amplitude at the interface of shell and medium is compared with the case of elastic shell. The scattering amplitude associated with the fast, slow and transverse waves are identified by numerical simulation. Furthermore, the influence of the poroelastic property of shell material on scattering amplitude is analysed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对陕北地区石油储量计算中扩边问题的讨论

针对陕北地区油藏类型的特殊性,依据容积法计算模型,对控制储量计算中确定含油面积时的扩边问题进行了讨论,并提出了新的认识.     

Effect of property variation and modelling on convection in a fluid overlying a porous layer

An accurate computational analysis is presented for the onset of thermal convection in a two‐layer system which is comprised of a saturated layer of porous material described by Darcy's law, over which lies a layer of the same saturating fluid. The two‐layer system is heated from below and the upper (fluid) surface is allowed to be fixed or stress free. The onset of convection may have a bi‐modal nature in which convection may be dominated by the porous medium or by the fluid depending on the depths of the relative layers, but this is strongly controlled by material parameters. The effect of variation of relevant fluid and porous material properties is investigated in detail, as is the effect of the interface boundary condition between the fluid and the porous medium. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simultaneous identification of parameter,initial condition,and boundary condition in groundwater modelling

In this paper, we perform an inverse method to simultaneously estimate aquifer parameters, initial condition, and boundary conditions in groundwater modelling. The parameter estimation is extended to a complete inverse problem that makes the calibrated groundwater flow model more realistic. The adjoint state method, the gradient search method, and the least square error algorithm are combined to build the optimization procedure. Horizontal two‐dimensional groundwater flow in a confined aquifer is exemplified to demonstrate the correlation between unknowns, the contribution of observation, as well as the suitability of applying the inverse method. The correlation analysis shows the connection between storage coefficient and initial condition. Besides, transmissivity and boundary conditions are also highly correlated. More observations at different location and time are necessary to provide sufficient information. A time series of unsteady head is requested for estimation of storage coefficient and initial condition. Observation near boundary is very effective for boundary condition estimation. The observation at pumping well mostly contributes to the estimation of transmissivity. According to all observations, it is possible to identify parameters, initial condition, and boundary condition simultaneously. Furthermore, the results not only illustrate the traditional assumption of known boundary condition but also initial condition, which may cause an incorrect estimation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

山东济阳坳陷始新统-渐新统天文地层界线年龄分析

山东济阳坳陷沙河街组上部天文地层研究是以牛38井沙三段中亚段顶界年龄34.892Ma作为标定,分析和计算出沙二段下亚段底年龄为33.799Ma、沙段二段上亚段底为33.338Ma、沙一段底为32.940Ma和东营组底为31.829Ma。从天文地层界线年龄分析,沙三段-沙二段界线的年龄大致可对比为"国际地层表(2004)"始新统-渐新统界线年龄33.90Ma,而沙二段下亚段-上亚段界线年龄比国际始新统-渐新统界线的滞后大约600ka。在"中国区域地层表"始新统-渐新统界线年龄(32Ma)和"国际地层表"的始新统-渐新统界线年龄(33.9Ma)之差的1.9Myr,大致相当于本区计算的沙一、二段的持续时间。SP数据的小波分析表明,在沙二段-沙三上亚段界线附近,即约33.8Ma之后,约405ka周期开始变得不明显、不规则,幅度亦下降,剧烈突变发生时间在33.4Ma左右。上述界线对应偏心率周期的理论值突变的时间。因此推论始新世-渐新世转折期是偏心率多个理论周期重迭而导致的一个特殊的时期,也是本区沙二段下亚段这段地层形成不整合面的时间,大约在33.8—33.4Ma期间。     

以门源M6.9地震为契机的祁连带中东段地震热红外异常区域特征研究

以中国静止气象卫星亮温资料为数据基础,使用小波变换和功率谱估计法研究2022年1月8日门源M6.9地震前的热辐射异常,并对祁连带中东段以往震例的热辐射异常作回溯性研究。门源6.9级地震的热辐射异常发展过程可分为3个阶段：初始演化阶段、增强持续阶段、减弱消失阶段。面积最大时强辐射区的面积约为8万km~2,地震发生在其西北部。相对功率谱峰值为平均值的17倍,地震发生在峰值后82天。大面积、高强度的热辐射状态持续时间长是此次异常的显著特点。祁连带中东段的几次地震前均出现过热辐射异常,其特征可为该区震情判定不断积累经验,以期形成可作为判定指标的区域震例库。     

深海海底边界层原位观测系统研发与应用

为进一步研究南海北部陆坡海洋动力过程对深海海底边界层的影响,研发了“深海海底边界层原位观测系统(In-situ Observation System for Bottom Boundary Layer in Abyssal Sea)”,ABBLOS。观测系统主体为坐底式深海运载平台,最大工作水深可达6 700 m(实际工作水深取决于搭载设备的耐压水深),是研究深海海底边界层问题的重要技术创新。观测平台由上下两部分框架结构组成,上部框架用于搭载和回收观测设备,下部支撑架为配重,并且用于提供距离海底1 m的观测空间;同时创新性地设计了“卡槽定位-螺栓紧固”的连接方式连接上下两部分,连接方式简单可靠,保证了平台回收成功率。ABBLOS集成了75 k-ADCP、高频ADCP、ADV、高精度压力计、海底摄像机等设备,以及甲烷、温盐深、浊度、溶解氧、氧化还原电位等传感器,首次实现了内波、中尺度涡等海洋动力过程与海底边界层物理化学参数的动态变化同步观测,特别是可以观测距离海底1 m高度范围的水体流速剖面,并且达到7 mm一层的垂向空间分辨率。研制完成后,2020年在南海北部陆坡神狐海域655 m和1 405 m水深处分别成功布放并回收,观测时间共计34天,采集到观测站位上覆海水的流速剖面结构,捕捉到了平均周期为1天1次的内波作用过程,以及海底边界层的多种物理化学参数。初步分析655 m水深处的观测数据后,发现深海海底边界层的温度、压力、溶解氧、密度和盐度等参数受控于海洋潮汐过程,尤其是温度和压力的变化基本与潮汐周期同步。海底边界层氧化环境较为稳定,甲烷浓度由高变低,但是基本在海洋溶解甲烷平均浓度范围内。与潮汐相比,内孤立波对深海海底边界层水体的影响程度较小,但是明显可以引起沉积物的再悬浮,引起的海底边界层的海水浊度从背景值的0.01 NTU增大到48 NTU,海底摄像机也记录到了内孤立波期间深海底层海水突然变浑浊的过程,说明南海内孤立波可以影响海底沉积物的输运。