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91.
92.
长江下游地区巨厚砂层中钻孔灌注桩施工技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据张家港、扬州等地砂层中施工钻孔灌注桩的实践,论述了巨厚砂层对施工的影响,指出必须采取配制优质泥浆、建立科学的泥浆循环系统、选择合适的钻具及钻进参数、进行孔径检查、提高灌注效率等技术措施,介绍了在砂层施工中应注意的问题和有效处理埋钻事故的方法。 相似文献
93.
乌-奎高速公路煤层采空区注浆治理工程问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章对煤矿采空区治理工程中的钻孔注浆问题进行了讨论。根据乌-奎高速公路上的具体实践,提出了钻孔注浆工艺的适用方法。从注浆过程、注浆材料等方面针对不同的注浆目的和地质情况.提出了改进的意见,克服了原设计在注浆施工中遇到的困难,解决了实际问题。 相似文献
94.
为明确强潮河口设计条件下涌潮压力特征,以嘉绍大桥工程为背景进行了涌潮压力的动态测试和分析。选取主墩围堰和施工栈桥进行现场观测,分析了涌潮压力分布及其变化的特点。利用经验模态分解法,研究了涌潮压力的时均和脉动特性,建立了涌潮压力及其脉动分量极值与涌潮高度的拟合关系。研究结果表明:涌潮压力变化脉动性强,经验模态分解法能较好地处理这种非平稳时变信号;时均分量反映了局部水位的平均变化趋势,脉动分量反映了涌潮与结构物相互作用时自由水面的紊动情况;从垂向分布上看,压力极值在潮前低水位附近最大,并随着传感器安装高程的增加而减小;从平面分布上看,主墩围堰的迎潮面压力极值最大,背潮面最小;涌潮压力及其脉动分量的极值与涌潮高度满足指数分布规律。 相似文献
95.
涌潮流速是涌潮的重要特征,一直深受涌潮研究者的关注。21世纪以来,随着声学剖面流速仪的使用,涌潮流速观测有了突破性的进展。本文收集了2003年以来9次钱塘江涌潮流速观测资料,结合理论分析和数值模型计算成果,分析了影响涌潮流速的因素、涌潮流速时空分布规律。结果表明:影响涌潮流速的微观因素主要有涌潮高度和陡度、潮前流速和潮前水深、风速风向等;在涌潮河段,最大流速即为最大涌潮流速,与当地潮差呈良好的正相关关系;在弯道段,涌潮流速在弯道凸岸大于凹岸;涌潮到达后流速从落潮迅速转化为涨潮,没有明显的憇流现象,且涨潮流速过程存在多峰现象;涌潮垂向流速基本上比纵向流速小1个量级,在涌潮时段垂向流速相对较大。 相似文献
96.
从变位——剪应力理论入手,分析了拉力型土锚的受力机理。以分散压力型土锚为例,确定了单孔复合型土锚的最优分段长度。并从理论上对其极限承载力与拉力型土锚极限承载力进行了比较,得出了一些比较切合实际的结论。 相似文献
97.
Analysis of dynamic effects relevant for the wear damage in hydraulic machines for wave energy conversion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present paper deals with a mathematical model of a heaving-buoy Wave Energy Converter (WEC) equipped with high-pressure hydraulic power take-off machinery for energy conversion. This model is based on linear hydrodynamic theory, and a hybrid frequency-time domain model is used to study the dynamics of the heaving-body exposed to an irregular incident wave. For the power take-off system, end-stop devices are provided to protect the hydraulic machinery when the buoy is exposed to severe sea states. The model also takes into account the lubricated friction force and pressure drops of orifice flow through the valves in the hydraulic system. All the forces mentioned in the hydraulic power take-off machinery have non-linear features. A complete non-linear state space model for the WEC system is presented in this study.The WEC system was numerically simulated for different cylinder lengths under a fixed volume. The effect of fluid compressibility in the cylinder has been investigated in the mathematical model. High frequency oscillations (HFOs) caused by the compressibility of the fluid are displayed in the time series and in corresponding power spectra, and variation is shown for different cylinder sizes. Piston ring and cylinder bore wear damage is estimated by using Archard’s equation on the basis of the simulation results. A comparison of these results with a performance of an identical WEC system which neglects fluid compressibility has been done in this work. It shows that although the spectral power is small, HFO can make a large contribution to both the ring and cylinder bore wear. For the purpose of wear prediction, oscillations at or below the wave frequency and HFO may be equally important. 相似文献
98.
The origin of bore-core remanences: mechanical-shock-imposed irreversible magnetizations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Repeated laboratory-induced weak mechanical shocking ( c . 0.57 kg m s− 1 ) of marine sandstone samples showing drilling-induced remanence, from commercial bore cores from the North Sea and Prudhoe Bay, causes increases in their low-field susceptibility ( χ ) and their ability to acquire an isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM). These enhancements are reduced by some 20 per cent by AF demagnetization in 100 mT. Doubling the intensity of the shock doubles the susceptibilities and IRMs acquired. The susceptibility increase ceases after 300 to 400 shocks for the North Sea samples and 20 to 30 shocks for those from Prudhoe Bay, while the IRM saturates after 800–1000 and 30–50 shocks respectively. Continental, haematite-bearing sandstones from commercial bore cores with no drilling-induced remanence subjected to the same shocks do not show these effects. Differences in the magnetic mineralogy of shocked and unshocked marine samples suggest that the magnetic enhancement is predominantly due to the creation of pyrrhotite by shock-induced irreversible crystallographic changes in iron-bearing sulphides. When shocked during commercial drilling, these new ferromagnetic minerals acquire strong chemical (crystalline) remanences, associated with a wide spectrum of grain sizes, in the magnetic field of the drill string, and these are resistant to both thermal and AF demagnetization. Similar processes are likely in any situation involving the shock of physically metastable iron-bearing minerals, particularly anoxic sediments. A 5 cm non-magnetic collar between the drill stem and crown should drastically reduce the magnetic intensity of this effect under commercial conditions, but would not prevent its occurrence. 相似文献
99.
100.
Lüyun Zhu Yongsheng Liu Zhaochu Hu Qinghai Hu Xirong Tong Keqing Zong Haihong Chen Shan Gao 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2013,37(2):207-229
Fused glass prepared without the addition of a flux is generally more homogeneous than a pressed powder pellet and thus ideal for analysis of bulk samples by LA‐ICP‐MS. In this work, a new glass‐making method using a boron nitride crucible was developed to prepare homogenous glass samples from silicate rock powder. The apparatus consisted of a small boron nitride vessel with net volume of about 34 mm3 and two molybdenum strips. Applying the summed metal oxide normalisation technique, both major and trace element contents in the fused glass were measured by LA‐ICP‐MS. Analyses of five geochemical reference materials (spanning the compositional range basalt–andesite–rhyolite) indicated that the measured SiO2, Al2O3 and P2O5 contents matched the preferred values to within 5%, and the other major elements generally matched the preferred values to within 8%. Except for the transition metals, the measured trace element contents generally matched the preferred values to within 10%. Compared with the iridium heater method developed by Stoll et al. (2008), element volatilisation during high‐temperature melting was effectively suppressed in our method, but metal segregation caused by reduction of BN may cause loss of Cr, Ni and Cu. Although analysis with a large spot size has the advantage of improving counting statistics, matrix effects induced by mass loading of the ICP may hamper the accurate determination of some elements. 相似文献