CG经济型滚刀钻头的研究及应用

介绍了滚刀钻头的特点、破岩机理、分布规律以及钻进参数等因素对钻进效果的影响,并通过施工实例对目前滚刀钻头使用中所存在的主要问题进行了分析     

江汉平原周老镇钻孔砾石统计及其与长江三峡贯通的关系

对江汉平原周老镇钻孔砾石层砾石的粒度和砾态进行统计和分析的结果表明：砾石的风化程度普遍较高,砾石的扁度、球度、磨圆度、砾态参数（F／ψ）和各轴分选系数均符合河流相沉积物的特征。通过分析砾石粒度和砾态的变化曲线,可将其划分为3个阶段。阶段Ⅰ和Ⅱ的平均砾径、中值砾径、扁度、球度和砾态参数（F／ψ）相差不大,而阶段Ⅲ与阶段Ⅰ、Ⅱ相差很大,阶段Ⅲ的水动力条件、沉积物比阶段Ⅰ、Ⅱ显著增强并混杂了远源物质。结合周老镇钻孔岩性及钻孔砾石含量和江汉平原第四系岩相剖面特征判断,在阶段Ⅲ109．5-117．0m（0．97～1．12Ma．B．P．）处钻孔的沉积环境发生了重大改变,江汉平原水系发生了重要调整,可能是长江贯通三峡。     

利用钻孔实测数据计算地下岩层产状的方法

讨论了不同孔段组合条件下地下岩层产状的计算方法,全面而且精确地再现赤平极射投影的图解结果:对双斜孔段组合能够求出所有可能的产状解(包括逆向穿层解);对直斜孔段组合、三斜孔段组合、连续多斜孔段组合,以及双斜孔段组合中具同向穿层单解的计算对象能够给出最可能的产状解。     

Current Status and Advance of Tidal-Bore Deposit Study

Tidal bore is hydraulic jump during the process of tide flooding with the tide wave moving upstream. They are widely distributed in the estuary zone with high tidal range and funnel-shaped planeform. Tidal bore deposit study is important for further understanding about paleogeomorphology, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate of areas near the estuaries, and sandbody formed by tidal bore deposit could be potential oil and gas reservoir. Researches about tidal bore have been always concentrated on hydraulic characteristics of tidal bore and its influences on estuary environment and engineering, while the study on tidal bore deposit is rarely reported. One of the most important causes is the complex hydrodynamic conditions in the estuary zone. Deposits characteristics is complicated in this zone due to comprehensive effects of river flow, waves and tides. It is hard to affirm the preservation probability of tidal bore deposits, especially in the ancient rock record. In view of this, current status and forecast about tidal-bore deposit study were expounded in this study based on comprehensive summary and discussion about typical tidal bore deposit data and reports. Criteria for recognition of tidal-bore deposits were described in detail on the aspects of sedimentary structures, grain size distribution, and facies model. One of the most critical diagnostic marks of tidal bore was a special undulating erosion surface with a series of irregular and stepped excavations on it. This surface was formed by cyclic pressure loading induced by the passage of a tidal bore. In addition, the cross-bedding inclined upstream, soft sediment deformation structures and massive sandstone on the erosion surface were also important marks of a tidal bore deposit. Problems existing in current research were discussed and some suggestions were proposed. Various methods and technology should be used to perfect tidal bore facies model, and research on diagenesis and reservoir features of sandbody formed by tidal bore should be strengthened in the future. Sandbody formed by tidal bore of different types (breaking tidal bore and undular tidal bore) should be distinguished to deepen the understanding of their various hydrodynamic conditions and reservoir scale. Tidal bore is significant geological process in estuary zone, and deposits formed by it makes great influence on the geomorphology of this area, which should be paid more attention.     

加强我国矿山应急救援能力建设的思考以大地特勘队为例

矿山应急救援队是我国专业应急救援力量的重要组成部分,在应对矿山突发事故的救援处置方面具有重要作用。大地特勘队是我国矿山应急救援力量的代表性队伍之一,本文以大地特勘队为例,分析了其面临的现状,针对我国矿山应急救援的需要,提出了加强能力建设的对策和措施。     

Determination of Boron Concentration in Geochemical Reference Materials Extracted by Pyrohydrolysis and Measured by ICP‐MS

This article presents new boron concentrations for nine geochemical reference materials (GS‐N, FK‐N, GL‐O, BX‐N, DT‐N, AN‐G, GH, Mica‐Fe, Mica‐Mg). After extraction by a modified pyrohydrolysis technique, boron concentrations were measured by ICP‐MS. The blank levels for the whole procedure were 0.091 ± 0.020 ng ml^?1 or 14 ± 5 ng of boron in total. The method was first validated by measuring nine reference materials with known boron concentrations. The determined boron concentrations are all within the range of recommended or published values, which means that the yields were 100%, and show precisions below 10% for samples containing over 2 μg g^?1 of boron.     

钱塘江双向声传播测流实验研究

2009年4月和5月在钱塘江杭州段进行了双向声传播测流实验.两个声信号发送与接收站设置在钱塘江两岸,间距为3050 m.在声传播实验期间,沿着声传播路径还进行了12次走航ADP(Acoustic Doppler Profiler)流速观测.根据双向声传播的顺逆流传播时间差计算得到沿声传播路径的平均流速,与ADP走航观测结果基本一致,两者的均方差为0.03 m/s.通过ADP走航期间双向声传播时间差的平均值和ADP走航观测所得断面流量之间的线性关系,得到了整个观测期间断面流量的时间序列.实验较好地捕捉到了因钱塘江涌潮而引起的流量变化,流量的最小值为 -3406 m3/s,最大为3509 m3/s.第一和第二实验阶段钱塘江的净流量分别为1329 m3/s和979 m3/s.以上结果表明用双向声传播测流方法可实现对河道流速和流量连续的监测.     

泥页岩的X射线衍射定向指数与理化性能及井壁稳定的关系

首次提出了泥页岩Ｘ射线衍射定向指数的测定方法,探讨了定向指数与矿物成分,定向指数与泥页岩理化性能（密度、回收率、膨胀率、阳离子交换容量等）的关系。并在定向指数的基础上,提出了综合指数的概念,然后以定向指数和综合指数为主要依据,对坍塌地层泥页岩进行了分类。这对于钻井工程上研究井壁稳定的机理,预防井壁失稳,具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。     

基于自适应BP网络的涌潮波速计算模型

运用BP网络附加动量法和自适应学习速率法，建立神经网络模型，模拟计算涌潮波速。根据部分试验数据对网络进行训练，确定相关参数，建立涌潮波速计算模型，同时利用其余部分试验数据对模型进行检验，模拟结果与试验数据吻合较好，相关程度高，表明神经网络模型用于计算涌潮波速是合适的。     

浅谈井用人工动态观测设施的改良与创新

通过对天津地区地热井现有人工观测设施中“固定焊接式水位测管”、“悬挂插拔式水位测管”利弊全面客观的分析,指出规范的、标准的、专用的井用人工观测（水位）系统是保证地热井水位动态数据有效采集率的关键。由多眼更换了新型水位测管的地热井实测结果来看,“具有悬挂插拔式水位测管的专用潜水泵管”有利于提高水位数据采集的连续性和完整性,具有广泛的市场推广前景。