谷王庙泥石流灾害及防御对策

通过对西昌市谷王庙泥石流形成原因的分析，针对该地区松散固体物质丰富，沟深固土植被缺乏而降雨量集中且大的特点，提出了相应的防御对策，在该地区得到满意的效果。     

Geomorphology of the Boao coastal system and potential effects of human activities - Hainan Island, South China

The Boao coastal system along the eastern coast of Hainan Island is a dynamic delta-tidal inlet-barrier formed during the late Holocene. The delta developed inside a shallow lagoon barred by a sandy barrier with a narrow, shallow tidal inlet opening. Two major distributary channels separated by small islands characterize the delta. The lagoon is silting up receiving and trapping sediments from both the river and, in minor measure during storms, through the tidal inlet opening and barrier washovers. The barrier at the tidal inlet is highly dynamic and changes its form, accreting (migrating spit) against the inlet during fair-weather conditions and being eroded during storms and river floods. The delta has almost completely filled the lagoon and major concerns exist on the effect that ongoing large development plans may have on the environment. These concerns include the effect on floods and rate of siltation once banks of the islands have been stabilized and floodwater and sediment load are impeded from spreading over the lowlands, and the effect of increasing pollutant loads from the new facilities on the ecosystems of the increasingly restricting lagoon water and on the seashores.     

Geomorphology of the Boao coastal system and potential effects of human activities -Hainan Island, South China

1 IntroductionThe objectives of this paper are to analyze the principal characteristics of the W anquan Riverdelta that has developed in a narrow , shallow lagoon, and to determ ine the effect that theever-increasing hum an activities of the area m ay hav…     

中国砂岩型铀矿区遥感影像特征研究的新发现及其重要意义

砂岩型铀矿是我国目前铀资源勘查主攻的目标类型 ,但在勘查过程中 ,往往侧重地层的岩性、岩相等控矿因素研究 ,而对断裂构造的控矿作用没有引起足够重视。通过对中国砂岩型铀矿区遥感影像特征的系统研究 ,发现我国主要砂岩型铀矿区均有控制工业铀矿产出的断裂构造存在。在此基础上 ,剖析了控矿构造的特点及其控矿作用 ,提出构造 地球化学障的控矿新模式。最后论述了构造 地球化学障模式与传统氧化带前锋模式的区别 ,并探讨了其提出的重要意义     

Moment tensor inversion and source rupture process of the September 27, 2003 M S=7.9 earthquake occurred in the border area of China, Russia and Mongolia

We conducted moment tensor inversion and studied source rupture process for M _S=7.9 earthquake occurred in the border area of China, Russia and Mongolia on September 27 2003, by using digital teleseismic P-wave seismograms recorded by long-period seismograph stations of the global seismic network. Considering the aftershock distribution and the tectonic settings around the epicentral area, we propose that the M _S=7.9 earthquake occurred on a fault plane with the strike of 127°, the dip of 79° and the rake of 171°. The rupture process inversion result of M _S=7.9 earthquake shows that the total rupture duration is about 37 s, the scalar moment tensor is M ₀=0.97×10²⁰ N·m. Rupture mainly occurred on the shallow area with 110 km long and 30 km wide, the location in which the rupture initiated is not where the main rupture took place, and the area with slip greater than 0.5 m basically lies within 35 km deep middle-crust under the earth surface. The maximum static slip is 3.6 m. There are two distinct areas with slip larger than 2.0 m. We noticed that when the rupture propagated towards northwest and closed to the area around the M _S=7.3 hypocenter, the slip decreased rapidly, which may indicate that the rupture process was stopped by barriers. The consistence of spatial distribution of slip on the fault plane with the distribution of aftershocks also supports that the rupture is a heterogeneous process owing to the presence of barriers.     

海洋底部水岩系统现代环境和成矿作用

本文以南海和东太平洋海盆为例,在阐述地质环境背景基础上,揭示了海洋底部水岩系统的环境因子分布特征和存在的地球化学垒,指出了成矿金属组分存在的形式和沉析矿物的类型以及提出了多金属结核的成矿作用等新认识。     

试论截直断裂与地震——以华北的3条北东向断裂为例

截直断裂是发育在大型的走滑或斜滑断裂带末端的分支断裂，断裂带长期反复活动，在其末端，因地壳应力消散或减弱，断裂走向发生急剧转折之后，在转折点附近产生了截直断裂，截直断裂的性状可以归纳为如下几点：（１）发育于接近主干断裂末端的转折点附近，其走向与主干断裂的总体走向一致，性状与主干断裂相似；（２）切割的地层或控制的沉积较的裂为新；（３）断裂的长度较小，断面较主干断裂为陡，（４）形成的时代为主干断裂发育     

核废物地质处置中岩石选用现状及其开发研究

核废物处置已成为当务之急,其目的是要保证人类与环境的安全。普遍采用的方法是地质处置,即保寻安全封闭的天然屏障。为此,岩石的研究就至关重要。目前,各国选用的岩石不一,并不断变化,主要为石盐、粘土和花岗岩。开发研究总趋势是建立地下实验室,进行现场试验。     

一个典型的水下分流河道砂体展布与油气富集规律

三角洲一般位于海(湖)陆之间的过渡地带，是海(湖)陆相的重要组成部分。鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组储层，由于其特殊的沉积环境．湖底坡降小．河控占主导地位．水下分流河道极为发育．最典型的是白120井区长33储层，由一个单一的水下分流河道组成。该区沉积规律强，各沉积单元发育，中间为河道沉积区，两侧为高于河道的天然堤，外部为漫溢沉积区，末端有4个朵体，中部发育一个小型决口水道。砂体呈指状展布，左右对称，具有三角洲水下分流河道典型的双凸特点。该区的沉积环境控制了砂体的展布和油气的富集程度。通过对该区块的研究，建立了一个完整的水下分流河道的沉积模式，这对于丰富三角洲沉积相的内容具有一定的意义。     

小南海水库地震堰塞坝渗漏特征研究

从病害整治的角度论述了小南海水库地地震堰塞坝坝体本构特征，渗漏及渗透稳定、防渗处理措施等，并介绍了渗流量计算的解析法与系统理论法。