永胜6.0级地震的地质构造背景及发震构造

阐述了永胜Ms6．0级地震震区的地震地质构造背景与构造应力场，结合本次地震的裂度分布几何形态、震源机制解、主余震震中分布和地表破坏等资料，讨论了地震的发震构造，认为程海断裂宾川－金沙江段是该地震的发震断理解。程海断裂宾川－金沙江段以左旋走滑活动为主，兼具正断层性质。     

区域化探在森林沼泽区地质填图应用初探

通过对大兴安岭浅覆盖区1:20万小二沟幅区域化探特征元素Fe、Mg、Si、K、Sb、Hg、U等地球化学背景场分布规律的研究,对浅覆盖区地质体界线、断裂、隐伏岩体等基础地质问题进行了有益的探讨。经野外验证,在该区应用区域化探特征元素研究基础地质问题是有效的。而且对今后在浅覆盖区开展区域地质填图和提高地质填图质量、速度都将发挥重要作用。     

侧扫声纳在香港海洋物探工程调查中的应用

介绍了侧扫声纳在香港特别行政区水底地形学研究、填海工程监测、考古调查、水底人工养殖区规划等领域的应用成果，并结合典型应用实例，阐述了该方法关于工程设计、数据采集、数据处理及解释等方面的相关技术。     

合肥盆地不同背景下化探异常的变化规律

以合肥盆地为例,分析不同背景下的地球化学异常的变化规律及其勘探意义,提出划分区块的原则,指出化探工作者不可忽略对背景的深入研究     

构造节律的物理背景--复杂过程的简单控制

从模型研究的角度出发，分别讨论了全球和区域尺度的构造节律问题。以地球的圈层结构和质量分布为前提，可推出固态内核不能稳定平衡于球心位置的结论。以此为基础，可以建立一个简约和自洽的全球运动模型。按照相应的热-机械能耦合模式，地球的运动可以划分出4个不同性质的阶段，从而构成地球演化的最高一级运动节律。区域构造节律在这一背景下存在，且可由更为简单的机械运动产生。     

宜宾北4.7级地震活动背景、特征及其与鲁甸5.6级强震呼应成因分析

通过对宜宾北4．7级地震震中及附近地区地震地质、地震活动背景、区域地震活动性、水位资料的分析，表明宜宾北4．7级地震震前经历了区域地震活跃至平静、再发震的过程，其部分地震学参数存在异常，川12井水位也出现较大异常，并对宜宾北所处的华蓥山断裂带上的中强震与川滇交界附近地区南北地震带上的强震存在较高的对应关系成因进行了分析，认为华蓥山断裂带上中强地震活动对川滇交界地区南北地震带上强震的发生存在中短期预报意义。     

Complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes in the Miyun reservoir region

The comprehensive impact of atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition and the pollution sources of farmlands, mining areas, and towns along the Baihe River on the water quality of Miyun reservoir is investigated from the angle of the complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes, in the context of the 1990-2001 precipitation chemical data at Shangdianzi station--a WMO regional background air pollution monitoring station 15 km far from the Miyun reservoir, in conjunction with the atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition data of the 2002-2003 Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Field Experiment (BECAPEX). Analysis results suggest that the major ions in precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region in this period were SO, NO, NH and Ca2+; wet acid deposition quantity of Miyun reservoir in the summer half year (April to September) was greater than the quantity in the winter half year (October to March), and the annual wet acid deposition in the reservoir exhibited a rising trend with the mean 1038.45 t, the maximum 1766.31 t occurred in 1996, and the minimum 604.02 t in 1994; the long-term averaged pH of atmospheric precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region was 5.20, i.e. weakly acidic, and the interannual variation of pH values displayed a falling trend. pH values of water body at various depths in the Miyun reservoir were all greater than 7.0, but they exhibited vertical and horizontal nonhomogeneity, and at the same region pH decreased vertically with depth; the 2002 and 2003 annual dustfalls in the Miyun reservoir were 13513.08 t and 3577.64 t, respectively, and the spring dustfall was the number one in a year, accounting for the 61.91% and 44.56% of the annual totals of 2002 and 2003, respectively. Because the atmospheric dry deposition and wet depositions contain multiple types heavy metal elements and harmful elements, they to some extent exacerbated the eutrophication, acidification and potential heavy metal pollution of the reservoir water. The above comprehensive analysis results reveal the complex source characters of the air-soil-water pollution process and the multi-sphere interaction effect. Besides, summer (rainy season) is a season when local soil pollutants enter the water system of reservoir after being washed out by torrential rain or heavy precipitation, which starts the air-soil- water chaining pollution processes, and results in the water pollution of rivers and reservoirs. It is found from the statistical analysis in this paper that the water pollution of Miyun reservoir was correlated with the rain wash-out and confluent flow in the peripheral and upstream local region of the reservoir, and the pollutant concentration of the reservoir water was significantly correlated with the upstream local region precipitation. Those correlation characters reveal the effect of the air-soil-water multi-spheric interaction of reservoir water pollution process. This paper presents the point of view of the complex source analysis of reservoir water pollution and a technical approach for tracing the spatial distribution of the upstream pollution source of the water systems of reservoir.     

Radium isotopes in river sediments of Czech Republic

In the Czech Republic, river bottom sediments have been systematically monitored since 1999. In the paper, their radioactive contamination due to uranium mining and milling is assessed. The sediments samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry. Especially the radium-226 and radium-228 activities were further evaluated.The highest values of the radium-226 activities were found at river profiles where the uranium industry impact was obvious. It turned out that the radium-226 and radium-228 activities ratio is more convenient to assess the level of radium-226 contamination than only the radium-226 activity itself. Based on this hypothesis, the sediment classification scheme for uranium industry contamination was suggested. The natural background activities of radium-226 and radium-228 in the Czech Republic were also evaluated. The case of radium-226 contamination due to the uranium industry was studied in details at the Ploučnice River.     

福建伏旱期旱涝环流特征及其预测探讨

本文取1960～2000年全省25个代表站7月降水资料和北半球500hPa高度场资料、以及500hPa面上的极涡、中纬度环流、青藏高原高度场(即高原地区等压面高度场)、副热带高压等74个环流指数为素材；首先标定伏旱期降水的异常指数和严重旱涝年例，其次分析严重旱涝年例的500hPa环流背景，最后揭示预测概念模型，得出秋冬季北半球副热带高压，欧亚经向环流和青藏高原高度场的变化是预测福建伏旱期降水的强信号因子。     

Low-density geochemical mapping in Hungary

Guidelines for a low-density geochemical survey were described in 1990 by the Western European Geological Surveys. A low-density geochemical survey of Hungary was carried out in 1991–1995. The results are useful for future surveys and for the IGCP 360 project ‘Global Geochemical Baseline’. In regions with well-developed drainage systems in Hungary, 196 catchment basins of approx. 400 km² were delineated and flood-plain deposits sampled at their outlets. The samples were taken from 0 to 10 cm and from 50 to 60 cm depths. Samples were analysed by ICP-AES and AAS techniques in two laboratories. A Geochemical Atlas of Hungary is in preparation that will show the distribution of 25 elements in the two sampled layers. Maps for the lower layer represent regional geochemical baseline values and a geochemical subdivision of the country (maps showing the distribution of element associations) was made on the basis of factor variables. Maps constructed from the data of the upper sampling level show us the present state of contamination of the surface. The results of this survey have contributed to the establishment of guidance values for soils prepared by the Hungarian Ministry of the Environment in 1995. Safe levels were established for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn and regional environmental loads plotted. Differences between the median values of the two levels are generally small. However, the concentrations of certain elements like P, Pb and S are significantly greater in the upper layer reflecting contamination from agriculture. In certain regions, the rate of sedimentation was fairly fast such that the environmental effects of ore mining in Transylvania and southern Slovakia as well as those of heavy industry in northern Hungary can be observed in samples from the lower level. The main factor controlling the geochemical pattern in Hungary is the predominance of young (Pleistocene or Miocene) clastic sediments at the surface. Approx. 90% of the surface is covered by these young sediments. This kind of survey has the disadvantage of not providing enough contrast to differentiate geologically dissimilar areas but it has the advantage to provide regional surface background geochemical data and it helps to outline areas of possible surface contamination. Based on the results of this survey we conclude that it would be much better to sample smaller, but geologically homogeneous areas in mountainous terrain to obtain data characteristic of the geochemical background of lithologic units. This approach would mean a sampling density of a few tens of km²/sample for hilly areas, and a few hundred km²/sample for lowland areas.