深基坑周围地下水渗流破坏影响因素的分析

分析了基底的土层性质、防渗墙的埋入深度以及抽水回灌层位等因素对地下水渗流的影响。根据基坑周围地下水渗流特征,指出了基坑中容易发生渗流破坏的地段,并提出了相应的控制措施。     

利用单斜储水构造确定水动力场的方法探讨

在可地浸砂岩型铀矿床的找矿中，由于水位资料匮乏，水动力场研究受到很大的限制，采用单斜储水构造来确定水动力场的特征，其核心步骤为引用试算法，确定承压水形成高度，然后结合研究区仅有的地下水位资料，刻画水动力场，经在乌库尔其地区试用，效果较为明显。     

Functioning of a coastal karstic system with a submarine outlet,in southern Spain

A conceptual model of the functioning of a complex coastal karst aquifer in southern Spain is presented. The system has well developed conduits below sea level and is connected to the Mediterranean Sea. It discharges through two conduits 12 m below sea level, 20 km apart. The Moraig conduit is the main outlet; the discharge to the sea is brackish. The Toix conduit only discharges to the sea during heavy floods and lets in seawater the rest of the time. During the 1999–2000 hydrological year, both conduits were monitored by flowmeters and electrical conductivity-temperature probes. On the basis of the collected data, the hydrological relationship between the functioning of the system and the sea was characterised. The conceptual model assumes the existence of a huge reservoir called an “aquifer reservoir” which is supplied by (1) freshwater from rainfall and (2) seawater flowing into the Toix conduit. In addition, during heavy rainfall events, fast infiltration brings considerable amounts of freshwater into the Moraig conduit. This is typical of a “by-pass” mechanism. Salinity and flow rates were simulated with the use of a rainfall-discharge and a rainfall-salinity model. The simulation of flow and salinity time series can be used for water management purposes.     

the changing relationship of hydrogeological parameters of dadianzi well-aquifer system

Hydrogeological parameter is an important index to characterize the hydrogeological properties of the aquifer, and has a clear physical basis and mechanism. Although the predecessors have made significant achievements in these areas, research is lacking on the changing law and relationship of the hydrogeological parameters of well-aquifer system. The digital water level and barometric pressure data of Dadianzi Well are used as the basis in this study. Based on the theories of elastic mechanics, rock mechanics and fluid mechanics, and using barometric pressure coefficient and tidal factor, the hydrogeological parameters in Dadianzi well-aquifer system in undrained conditions are studied. The corresponding water storage rate can also be obtained quantitatively. In addition, with the thickness of the aquifer, the pressure transmitting coefficient, the radius of the well and the frequency of the tidal wave, the permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient of well-aquifer system can be obtained, and the relationships between them are derived. The results show that: 1)There is an obvious power function relationship between porosity and solid skeleton volume compression coefficient, volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer, water storage rate, permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient. The volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton, water storage rate, permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient have a positive correlation with the porosity, the volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer decreases with increasing porosity. The volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton and water in aquifer can be well fitted to one of two quadratic polynomials. And the volume compression coefficient of water in aquifer is larger than the solid skeleton volume compression coefficient, water is more easily compressed. In addition, with the increase of water storage rate, the permeability coefficient and transmissibility coefficient also increase linearly; 2)Different from the traditional pumping test and indoor experiment, this paper uses the digital water level and other data, combined with the pressure coefficient and Venedikov tidal harmonic analysis results to access to the porosity, the volume compression coefficient of solid skeleton and water in aquifer medium, water storage rate, the permeability coefficient and the transmissibility coefficient. This method is simple and accurate.     

济南名泉舜井成因探讨

通过对济南名泉舜井的研究,查明了舜井的成因及其水文地质条件,对舜井的地质构造、水质、涌水量、影响范围进行较深入的探讨,为工程建设保护舜井名泉提供了较科学的资料。     

Variations in discharge and temperature of mineral springs at the Františkovy Lázně spa,Czech Republic,during a nearby earthquake swarm in 1985/1986

The western part of the Bohemian Massif (West-Bohemia/Vogtland region at the Czech-German border) is characterized by relatively frequent intraplate earthquake swarms and by other manifestations of present-day geodynamic activity. During the strong earthquake swarm at the turn of the years 1985 and 1986, significant changes in mineral spring parameters were observed at the spa of Františkovy Lázně. In this study, we present all available data on the mineral springs parameters, and we discuss them in terms of relations to seismic activity. Some changes in discharge were very distinct, amounting up to 40%, and had a co-seismic character. The changes in temperature were less noticeable, but preceded the beginning of the swarm by several months. Some hydrological changes persisted for nearly two years after the earthquake swarm. The character of the observed changes seems to support the hypothesis on an injection of mantle fluids, in particular of CO₂, as the main triggering mechanism of the earthquake swarm and the main cause of discharge anomalies.     

温泉逸出气体常规成分快速测定

通过对腾冲火山地球化学观测站中用气相色谱仪对火山区温泉逸出气体成分的观测实践的理论总结,系统介绍了用气相色谱仪对温泉逸出气体常规成分的快速测定方法.结果表明,SP3400型气相色谱仪具有一系列优点.通过合理的仪器配置、参数设置、规范的运行维护和分析操作,SP3400型气相色谱仪可以快速准确地分析温泉逸出气体中He、H_2、O_2、N_2、CH_4、CO_2等常规组分的含量.对这些组份总量分析的相对偏差只有1.89%,对CO_2组份分析的相对偏差只有2.18%,对He、H_2等ppm级含量的组份分析的相对偏差分别只有10.24%和11.44%,说明SP3400的型气相色谱仪的测试结果有相当高的可靠性和准确性.SP3400型气相色谱仪为温泉逸出气体常规组分快速测定的理想仪器,可以在火山和地震监测台站推广使用.     

山东大学齐鲁医院综合楼工程对济南泉水的影响分析

通过对山东大学齐鲁医院门诊保健综合楼工程建设对泉水是否影响的论证,认为场区内第四系碎屑岩孔隙裂隙水与奥陶系裂隙岩溶水为2个不同的含水系统。拟建工程在开挖深度内未揭穿第四系砾岩层,保留部分砾岩层作为基底持力层,并保持了下伏黏土的天然隔水性能,不会阻挡地下水径流补给通道,对泉水不会造成影响。     

Subduction-related hot spring-type gold mineralization in the central Tengchong block,southwestern China

Numerous present-day hot springs and associated ancient Lianghe gold deposit occur in the central Tengchong block, SW China, associated with oceanic crust subduction. From the center outwards, the alteration zones in the hot spring of the Rehai consist of alunite and silica in a breccia zone, a kaolinite and illite zone, and a chlorite, illite, kaolinite zone. The gas phase in the hot spring is dominated by CO₂ with δ¹³C ranging from −4.5‰ to −7.2‰. These features indicate a major magmatic origin of the hot spring gas. The ³He/⁴He ratios in the gas from central Tengchong vary from 1.56 to 5.88, approaching to those of the MORB. This is probably related to the ongoing subduction of the Indian plate beneath the Tengchong block. The hot spring waters in the central Tengchong block have much higher content of Au and other elements, e.g., Ag, As, Sb, and Tl, than other typical hot springs, such as Hasbrouck, Sulfer, etc. in the world. The hot springs with more mantle gas contribution and higher water temperature show more elevated Au contents, which implies that the metal in the hot spring was most likely contributed from the magmatic gas. The compiled D-O isotopes of the hot spring waters from previous studies suggest that they are primarily derived from meteoric water. A genetic model for the hot spring system in the central of Tengchong has been tentatively established. The gold-charged hot spring is genetically connected to an active magma chamber, which was produced by subduction of oceanic crust. The chamber is driving long-term surface meteoric circulation and constantly releasing magmatic volatiles enriched with metals. As hot spring water mixed with magmatic volatiles, causing decompression-boiling and forming hydraulic fractures to penetrate the roof of siliceous sinter, which induced the continuing metal deposition and formed the Lianghe hot spring.