Contemporary Refugee‐Border Dynamics and the Legacies of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference

While the geopolitical legacies of the World War I peace negotiations are widely recognized, this article examines the often overlooked connection between the WWI Paris Peace Conference's spatial and geopolitical logics and contemporary refugee‐border dynamics. We argue that the spatial and geopolitical logics that framed the WWI Paris Peace Conference—the creation of new states, the propagation of the Western ideal of bounded sovereign states, the nationalist goals of self‐determination and homogeneous ethnic nations, and the establishment of a system of international governance—continue to impact refugee‐border dynamics and “crises” today. The categories, ideals, and practices of the international refugee regime that emerged over the last one‐hundred years stem in great part from these logics. In this paper, we urge critical contemplation about how these foundations—including the establishment of the post of High Commissioner for Refugees in 1921, the resultant Nansen Passports, the post‐WWI minority treaties, and lastly the 1933 Convention Relating to the International Status of Refugees—connect to contemporary human (im)mobility and border violence. We also introduce the articles in this special issue and highlight key themes and future directions for research in critical migration studies.     

古堆泉岩溶地下水系统特征及系统圈划

古堆泉是汾河流域内唯一的中低温地热泉,研究其水文地质特征、划定岩溶地下水系统边界是进行岩溶地下水资源评价和地热水成因研究的基础。通过对古堆泉岩溶地下水系统的地质结构特征、水文地质结构特征和岩溶地下水循环演化规律分析,初步圈划了古堆泉岩溶地下水系统及其子系统。研究结果表明：系统内地质结构复杂、火成岩侵入和隐伏断裂发育,总体上可以将其概括为南北和东西向均"三隆三陷"的地质格局;古堆泉岩溶地下水主要接受塔儿山、二峰山及中条山碳酸盐岩裸露区的降水入渗补给,南梁泉和海头泉是系统内2个岩溶地下水的局部排泄点,古堆泉是最终排泄点。根据水文地质结构特征和岩溶地下水循环特征确定了古堆泉岩溶地下水系统边界及其水文地质性质,圈定的古堆泉岩溶地下水系统面积为2 942 km²,并进一步将其划分为4个相对独立的岩溶地下水子系统：塔儿山-九原山古堆泉岩溶水子系统、佛岭山-高显海头泉岩溶水子系统、中条山南梁泉岩溶水子系统、侯马盆地深循环岩溶水子系统。     

Non-hydrostatic pressure in σ-coordinate ocean models

Numerical ocean modelling is computationally very demanding. Traditionally, the hydrostatic approximation has been applied to reduce the computational burden. This approximation is valid in large scale studies with coarse grid resolution. With faster computers and gradually smaller grid sizes, we may expect that more studies will be performed with non-hydrostatic ocean models. In recent papers several methods for including non-hydrostatic pressure in σ-coordinate models have been suggested. In this paper the sensitivity of the non-hydrostatic pressure field, the velocity fields, and the density fields to changes in the method for computing non-hydrostatic pressure in σ-coordinate ocean models is addressed.The first test case used involves the propagation and breaking of an internal wave at an incline in a tank. The other test case concerns tidally driven flow over a sill in a stratified fjord. The results from our numerical exercises suggest that the velocity and density fields are very robust to the model choices investigated here. The differences between the model results are of the same order as the uncertainty due to the internal pressure gradient error, and they are smaller than an estimate of the uncertainty due to subgrid scale closure.     

基于ARM和SD卡的微动数据采集系统数据存储技术研究

为满足微动数据采集系统的大数据量、低功耗要求,用SD卡存储微动数据采集系统采集得到的数据。阐述如何实现SD卡在以三星ARM9-s3c2410为硬件平台、Linux操作系统为软件平台的微动数据采集系统中的存储功能。     

基于COI部分序列探讨南海鲳属鱼类系统进化与种群遗传结构

利用线粒体细胞色素 c 氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(COI)部分序列研究了南海区鲳属鱼类(Pampus)银鲳(P. ar-genteus)、珍鲳(P. minor)和中国鲳(P. chinensis)的系统进化与种群遗传结构.通过 PCR 扩增与序列测定获得了长度为643 bp 的 COI 基因片段,其 A、T、G、C 碱基的平均含量分别为25.4%、33.6%、18.9%和22.1%, A+T 含量高于 G+C 含量.64条序列共定义了20种单倍型,包含152个变异位点,简约信息位点148个,单变异位点4个,产生169个点突变.结果表明,银鲳与中国鲳的遗传差异最小,银鲳与珍鲳的其次,而珍鲳与中国鲳的遗传差异最大,3种鲳属鱼类的遗传多样性均呈现较低的水平,应采取有效的保护措施,以避免其遗传多样性水平的进一步丧失.本研究结果为鲳属鱼类资源保护和合理开发利用提供必要的参考     

Seismic response of three‐dimensional r/c multi‐storey frame building under uni‐ and bi‐directional input ground motion

This paper deals with seismic analysis of plan‐asymmetric r/c frame multi‐storey buildings. Non‐linear numerical analyses are carried out by using a lumped plasticity model for beams and a multi‐spring model for columns, the latter one introduced to account for axial force–biaxial bending moment interaction. A comparison between numerical analyses and experimental test results is reported in order to calibrate the numerical model, showing that the adopted model is very suitable. In order to study the effects of the earthquake orthogonal component, the seismic response of the modelled structure under uni‐directional excitation is compared to the one under bi‐directional excitation. Such comparison shows that the maximum base shear and the top displacement are not very sensitive to the presence of the orthogonal component, which, conversely, leads to large increase in the column plastic excursions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of karst hydrodynamics through comparison of dissolved and suspended solids' transport

In karst systems, rain events often result in a decrease of the conductivity (a tracer of dissolved phase transport) and an increase in turbidity (a tracer of suspended solids transport) at wells and springs. This study shows that the comparison of suspended solids and solute transport by the coupled approach of $T\text{–}C$ curves (Turbidity–Conductivity) and autocorrelations gives evidence of the transport processes in the karst network and allows understanding the karst hydrodynamics. To cite this article: D. Valdes et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).     

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水对三峡库区滑带（体）土直剪强度参数的弱化规律研究

通过对三峡库区典型滑带不同状态的原位直剪对比试验,研究了粘土、粉质粘土及土石混合体三类滑带（体）土在不同含水状态下的直剪强度参数及c,φ值随含水率的变化规律。在大量的数据基础上建立了滑带（体）土c,φ值与含水率之间的经验关系,分析了水对不同性质的滑带（体）土的作用机理,得出了蓄水或者含水率变化后滑带（体）土c,φ值的经验公式,量化了含水率变化（水位涨落）对直剪强度参数的弱化程度。