中低渗油藏剩余油饱和度监测技术系列优化与应用

套管井剩余油饱和度监测技术是研究剩余油分布最重要的测井方法.针对研究区块中-低孔隙度、中-低渗透率、高矿化度地层水的油藏特点与饱和度监测的现状,对比研究了现有监测技术与仪器装备的性能指标,同时考虑脉冲中子、非弹性散射与地层中元素的相互作用的特性,提出了适用于这种不同油藏地质特点的剩余油饱和度监测系列优化方案.针对某区块编制了整体监测方案,并且对监测资料进行精细处理与解释.多口井实施和应用表明,该方案与应用效果良好.     

γ测井资料反褶积分层解释法在8411矿床的试验对比

γ测井资料的反褶积分层解释法具有方法简单,精度高,速度快,分辨能力强,用微机进行计算等优点。作者通过用反褶积法对8411矿床γ测井资料的解释,对视特征参数的选择条件,γ强度底数的确定和划分矿层边界的原则,提出了初步看法。将该法的试验结果与传统的平均含量法和矿心分析结果进行了对比,还分析了视特征参数的取值大小对矿层线储量及矿化分层的影响,并讨论了引起线储量相对误差的原因。     

复杂地表边界元-体积元波动方程数值模拟

复杂近地表引起来自深部构造的地震反射信号振幅和相位的异常变化,是影响复杂近地表地区地震资料品质的主要原因.本文采用边界元-体积元方法,通过求解含复杂地表的波动积分方程,来模拟地震波在复杂近地表构造中的传播.其中,边界元法模拟地形起伏和表层地质结构对地震波传播的影响;体积元法模拟起伏地表下非均质低降速层的影响.与其他数值模拟方法比较,其主要优点为几何上精确描述不规则地表界面,实现精确模拟自由表面对地震波的边界散射;显式应用近地表地层界面的连续边界条件,实现半解析的数值模拟;分区处理近地表复杂结构,有效模拟复杂地表下非均匀介质对地震波场的体散射.数值试验结果表明了该方法的实用性和有效性.     

非线性模型线性近似的容许曲率

由于不同的非线性模型具有不同的非线性强度,使得一些非线性模型可以线性近似,而另一些则不能。本文介绍度量非线性强度的方法,提出判断非线性模型能否线性近似的数值标准——容许曲率。     

水深测量数据处理中的粗差探测技术

从目前出现在水深数据处理中最有可能存在的 :一条测深线上孤立零点的粗差、一条测深线上具有连续性的粗差以及相邻测线上具有连续性和相关性的粗差等三种情况 ,分别提出剔除这些粗差的方法 ,通过实例分析可以得出本文所提出的粗差剔除方法是有效的 ,在实际测量中具有一定的实用性     

三轴试验土样的端部影响问题研究

在以往的研究中,由于受到三轴试样变形测量手段的限制,无法定量研究三轴试样的端部约束对试样受力变形及其测量结果的影响。采用数字图像测量技术,直接量测试样的轴向变形和径向变形,把它们与传统测量方法得到的变形测量结果进行比较,定量分析端部约束与端部接触对三轴试验土样的影响。同时笔者建议采用数字图像测量技术,直接测量三轴试样中间部分的土样变形,以此避开试样端部的影响,使试验结果更加真实可靠。     

深水压力舱密封技术研究

管道屈曲技术试验过程当中,发现深水压力舱的出厂自带密封工艺耗时过长、密封效果不好、安全性不佳、返工现象普遍.针对这一现象,采用全新的密封工艺流程与方法:在前期处理中对螺柱编号与清理以防止螺母安装过程中的卡死现象;采用自创的精度控制方法防止漏水以及返工;根据不同的工作压力对密封技术进行梯度划分,选取不同的密封方案.经过实...     

Bragg reflection of water waves by multiple floating horizontal flexible membranes with submerged rectangular bars on the seabed

Bragg reflection of water waves by multiple floating horizontal flexible membranes is investigated based on the linear wave theory and the assumption of small membrane response. Under the floating horizontal membranes, periodical submerged rectangular bars are arranged on the flat seabed. The total reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained by using the eigenfunction expansion method and the wide spacing approximation. The calculated coefficients are validated with the results available in the literature, which shows that the present method is applicable. The characteristics of Bragg reflection are systematically investigated by changing various parameters including the height of the rectangular bars, the number, the tension, the spacing, and the length of the flexible membranes. The results can help designing multiple floating horizontal flexible membranes as effective floating breakwaters by taking advantage of Bragg reflection.     

Innovative substructuring technique for hybrid simulation of multistory buildings through collapse

Hybrid simulation combines numerical and experimental methods for cost‐effective, large‐scale testing of structures under simulated dynamic earthquake loads. Particularly for experimental seismic collapse simulation of structures, hybrid testing can be an attractive alternative to earthquake simulators due to the limited capacity of most facilities and the difficulties and risks associated with a collapsing structure on a shaking table. The benefits of hybrid simulation through collapse can be further enhanced through accurate and practical substructuring techniques that do not require testing the entire structure. An innovative substructuring technique for hybrid simulation of structures subjected to large deformations is proposed to simplify the boundary conditions by overlapping the domains between the numerical and experimental subassemblies. The advantages of this substructuring technique are the following: it requires only critical components of the structure to be tested experimentally; it reduces the number of actuators at the interface of the experimental subassemblies; and it can be implemented using typically available equipment in laboratories. Compared with previous overlapping methods that have been applied in hybrid simulation, this approach requires additional sensing in the hybrid simulation feedback loop to obtain internal member forces, but provides significantly better accuracy in the highly nonlinear range. The proposed substructuring technique is verified numerically and validated experimentally, using the response of a four‐story moment‐resisting frame that was previously tested to collapse on an earthquake simulator. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.