Preparation and Certification of Biogeochemical Reference Materials

The Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration in China recently prepared ten biogeochemical certified reference samples GSB1‐10 (CRMs). The samples are primary agricultural products such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean, cabbage, spinach, tea, powder, chicken and apple. Lyophilisation technology and a high‐alumina ball mill were used to process the samples. Fourteen laboratories and hundreds analysts in China participated in the certification analysis. Over ten reliable analytical methods, predominately ICP‐MS, ICP‐AES and INAA, were used for analysing the samples for fifty‐nine elements. A total of 22477 determinations led to 5136 average data sets. Certified values of fifty‐four elements were assigned.     

Spatial Geochemistry: A Characterisation of Heterogeneity in Reference Materials

Geochemical reference materials (RMs) for microbeam techniques are typically characterised by averages and dispersion statistics (e.g., standard deviation, variance) that are calculated for a number of measurements (beam shots). It is proposed that the mapping of RMs will add spatial information that better characterises the grouping and magnitudes of the heterogeneities and provides the information necessary to define a minimum analytical mass. A simple mathematical solution is proposed, which can be easily computed and understood. The analogous notions to sill and range from geostatistics are applied to the minimum analytical mass versus the relative standard deviation. To assess grouping and magnitudes of the heterogeneities, a ‘proximity number’ is computed for each average value ± ‘n’ standard deviations (magnitude). Different chemical anomalies have been simulated to demonstrate the behaviour of the proximity number. To further test the proposed spatial geochemistry concept, sulfide‐ and oxide‐bearing RMs have been selected because many are crippled with nugget effect. They have been mapped with a micro‐XRF apparatus, and results are presented for CHR‐Bkg, CHR‐Pt+, MASS‐1, MASS‐3, WMS‐1 and WMS‐1a. MASS‐1 and MASS‐3 are the most suitable RMs for microbeam techniques. Spatial geochemistry offers a new approach to better characterise reference materials.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其物源意义

由于构造位置的特殊性和勘探开发工作的局限性,鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组6段的物源分析一直存在较大的分歧。本文选取鄂尔多斯盆地西南部里78井、庄33井、演40井以及汭水河地区上三叠统长6段砂岩为研究对象,运用LA-ICP-MS U-Pb方法对样品中的碎屑锆石进行了年代学研究。结果表明,4个样品都存在250~350 Ma、400~660 Ma、920~1200 Ma、1750~1950 Ma和2200~2600 Ma 5个基本相近的年龄区间,与之对应的峰值年龄主要集中在284~330 Ma、430~460 Ma、950~1000 Ma、1850~1915 Ma以及2250~2450Ma。通过与邻区碎屑锆石年龄分布特征对比并结合重矿物资料,对研究区长6段物源的方向、母岩时代及岩性进行了系统全面的分析,认为研究区物源具有多方向、多时期、多岩石类型的特点,主要来自于盆地西南缘、南缘分布的北秦岭西段、北祁连东段及西秦岭的加里东期岩浆岩、晋宁期岩体和位于盆地东北部的古元古代孔兹岩系,盆地西北缘阿拉善地块的华力西期岩浆岩、鄂尔多斯地块东南部的变质基底也提供了部分物源。这一研究结果将有助于进行原盆沉积环境的恢复和指导下一步油气勘探的部署。     

东北冷涡中尺度天气的背景分析

通过大量的个例分析，统计得出东北冷涡造成中尺度天气系统和天气背景的条件，结论可供分析和预报东北冷涡中对流天气的可能性和落区时参考。     

库车大风天气特征分析及预报指标

应用1997-2001年大风资料和历史天气图、欧洲数值预报资料，分析了库车大风的天气气候特征和地面气压场、高空环流形势和影响系统演变特征及单站要素变化特点，得到了一些有预报意义的指标。     

GPS卫星定位软件研究

本文探讨了GPS卫星定位软件的设计问题。系统地分析了TIDPS^**软件的功能和处理方法,并采用本软件对一条实测长基线进行了处理,证明本软件具有良好的性能和可靠性。