河北邯邢铁矿区矿山环境生态地球化学评价

在河北邯邢西石门及周边铁矿区系统地采集了各类生态环境地球化学样品,包括土壤（n=242）、玉米（n=110）、地表水（n=37）、地下水（n=31）和水系沉积物（n=81）。通过对矿区各样品元素含量特征和元素富集程度的研究,利用区域地球化学基准值和地质累积指数定量评价了矿山污染扰动程度。研究表明,矿区土壤、玉米、地表水、地下水、水系沉积物中相对富集较高的与成矿作用有关的元素及主要的伴生元素,部分重金属元素超标,土壤和水系沉积物中Se、As、Cd、Cu、As、Cd、Cu、Co元素超标,玉米中F、Cr、Cd元素接近食品卫生限值,地表水和地下水部分指标浓度接近三类水质限值。研究表明,造成污染的主要来源是铁矿尾矿沙和煤矸石中的硫化物发生氧化作用,导致重金属淋滤转移,另一来源是燃煤降尘的积聚。     

Origin of the Neoproterozoic Baijianshan Banded Iron Formation at the Southeastern Margin of the Tarim Block in NW China: Implication for an Extremely Reducing Ocean

The Neoproterozoic banded iron formations(BIFs)were closely associated with the“Snowball Earth”during the breakup of the Rodinia,thus they played an important role in our understanding of the atmospheric and oceanic oxygen levels during this period.In this contribution,the Neoproterozoic(ca.737 Ma)Baijianshan BIF at Southeast Tarim,northwestern China was identified.Magnetite is the dominated iron-species,which occurs as the lamina interbedded with chert.The BIF contains low concentrations of trace elements,and is depleted in light rare earth elements(LREEs)based on comparison with the Post-Archean Australian Shale(PAAS).In addition,the BIF exhibits slightly positive La-Eu anomalies,negligible Ce anomalies,insignificant Y anomalies,chondritic Y/Ho ratios(23-32),and slightly chondritic initial ε_Nd(t=737 Ma)values(?0.45 to 1.46,averaging 0.37).All these features indicate that the precipitation of Baijianshan BIF was closely related to the submarine low-T hydrothermal fluids with little detrital contribution.Moreover,the Baijianshan BIF is characterized by the significant enrichment of heavy Fe isotopes,with δ⁵⁷Fe_IRMM-014 values ranging from 1.78‰ to 3.05‰,revealing the partial oxidation of Fe²⁺ into Fe³⁺ during the precipitation of this BIF.Our data suggest that the formation of Baijianshan BIF was closely associated with a significantly reducing ocean,which most likely was isolated from the oxidized atmosphere by a local ice sheet.This Neoproterozoic Baijianshan ocean has the initial oxygen levels as low as,or even lower than that of Archean and Paleoproterozoic oceans.     

库鲁克塔格地区古元古界磁铁石英岩型铁矿的发现及找矿意义

通过塔里木地台北缘找矿研究,在库鲁克塔格地区首次发现磁铁石英岩型铁矿床,铁矿赋存于前寒武系兴地塔格群沙依提组地层中。对该矿床含矿岩系特征、岩矿石化学组成、微量元素、稀土元素组成与矿床地质特征的调查与研究表明,鲁克塔格地区古元古界兴地塔格群沙依提组含铁石英岩主要分布于兴地河—辛格尔一带,含铁建造呈东西向展布。在兴地河-辛格尔地区发现含铁石英岩建造出露长约160km,找矿前景可观。     

Numerical modeling of groundwater inflow from a confined aquifer into Sangan open pit mine,northeast Iran

Numerical models are useful in the evaluation of the interaction between groundwater systems and mining activities. They can be successfully used to predict the quantity of inflow into open pits and to design an appropriate dewatering system. In this paper, a two-dimensional axi-symmetric finite element model called SEEP/W has been used to predict the groundwater inflow into Sangan open pit mine (anomaly north C). The Sangan iron mine is located at 280 km south-east of Mashhad, Iran, in arid and warm climate conditions wherein precipitation is generally limited. The water inflow to the pit is mainly from a confined aquifer, mainly by horizontal flow in the upper layers and vertical flow at the pit bottom. The results of the numerical model of the ground water inflow are presented and compared with those obtained from Theis, Cooper-Jacob and Jacob-Lohman analytical solutions. Ground water inflow monitoring was also carried out in a trial excavation at the Sangan mine in order to calibrate the model. The model was then used to predict groundwater inflow into Sangan open pit mine during its advancement. This model provides valuable information for designing an appropriate dewatering system.     

用于多接收器等离子体质谱铜铁锌同位素测定的离子交换分离方法

采用AGMP-1阴离子交换树脂，分别以7mol／L HCl、2mol／L HCl、0．5mol／L HNO3作为淋洗剂，可有效分离Cu、Fe、Zn。介绍了方法的基本原理、化学分离过程及混合标准溶液与地质标样的分离结果。结果表明，Cu、Fe、Zn回收率均接近100％，标准溶液在离子交换分离前后同位素组成一致，可以满足多接收器等离子体质谱对Cu、Fe、Zn同位素高精度分析的要求。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定键合用硅铝丝中硅铁铜

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定硅铝丝（Al—1％Si）中Si及杂质元素Fe和Cu。确定了最少取样量和样品溶解方法,优化了元素分析谱线和仪器的测量条件。实验表明,方法的加标回收率为99％～1叭％,相对标准偏差（n=6）低于1．4％,Si、Fe、Cu的检出限分别为8．5、1．0和0．4μg／L。该方法应用于快速测定键合硅铝丝中的各种元素,结果满意。     

新疆塔县乔普卡铁矿和山东莱州土山铁矿特征对比

虽然乔普卡铁矿和土山铁矿在地理位置上相隔甚远,但是二者在赋矿层位、磁异常特征、矿体及围岩特征、矿石结构构造、矿物成分和矿石类型以及矿床成因等诸多方面存在着较大的相似性,进一步研究对比二者的共同和异同点,对于寻找此类矿床有一定的指导作用。本文主要在乔普卡铁矿和土山铁矿详查工作和参考前人工作研究的基础上,对比分析了两个铁矿的异同点,从而总结出相邻区域里寻找此类矿床的几个注意点。     

Visualization experiments of iron precipitates: Application for in-situ arsenic remediation

Laboratory experiments were carried out to acquire more insight and understanding of the phenomena associated with the in-situ arsenic remediation. Visualization techniques are the most informative for the detection of Fe(II) while flowing in soils. Green Rust (GR) was considered as representative of in-situ iron precipitates. In a visualization flat cell, the change in color of GR to orange, due to oxidation, was monitored by a digital camera and the images were analyzed giving the spatial and temporal distribution of Fe(II). Moreover, both oxygen and pH changes in time were recorded in two sections along the flow direction in the cell. The measured and calculated concentration profiles were compared and the actual reaction rates were predicted. The reaction rate constants measured in this study, under flowing conditions, are in a good agreement with the values obtained from batch experiments reported in the literature.     

Chemical Analysis of Iron Meteorites Using a Hand‐Held X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer

We evaluate the performance of a hand‐held XRF (HHXRF) spectrometer for the bulk analysis of iron meteorites. Analytical precision and accuracy were tested on metal alloy certified reference materials and iron meteorites of known chemical composition. With minimal sample preparation (i.e., flat or roughly polished surfaces) HHXRF allowed the precise and accurate determination of most elements heavier than Mg, with concentrations > 0.01% m/m in metal alloy CRMs, and of major elements Fe and Ni and minor elements Co, P and S (generally ranging from 0.1 to 1% m/m) in iron meteorites. In addition, multiple HHXRF spot analyses could be used to determine the bulk chemical composition of iron meteorites, which are often characterised by sulfide and phosphide accessory minerals. In particular, it was possible to estimate the P and S bulk contents, which are of critical importance for the petrogenesis and evolution of Fe‐Ni‐rich liquids and iron meteorites. This study thus validates HHXRF as a valuable tool for use in meteoritics, allowing the rapid, non‐destructive (a) identification of the extraterrestrial origin of metallic objects (i.e., archaeological artefacts); (b) preliminary chemical classification of iron meteorites; (c) identification of mislabelled/unlabelled specimens in museums and private collections and (d) bulk analysis of iron meteorites.     

浅析莱芜接触交代-热液铁矿的双交代渗滤作用

莱芜接触交代-热液铁矿赋存于奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐岩与燕山晚期闪长岩的接触带及其附近.通过对各矿床有益有害组分分析,以及对成矿母岩、围岩岩石化学特征、双交代渗滤作用和围岩蚀变类型等研究,总结出"三位一体"成矿模式,进而探讨了矿体的空间分布规律及其找矿意义.