Pall型摩擦阻尼支撑内力计算方法

从Pall摩擦阻尼器四连杆机构的几何非线性变形特征出发，分析框架位移、支撑刚度、阻尼器摩擦力、阻尼器大小、支撑倾角、支撑屈曲力等对一种改进的Pall摩擦阻尼器-T形芯板摩擦阻尼器支撑的受力特点，拟合出可供设计人员使用的实用计算公式。     

Magnetic domain structures and stray fields of individual elongated magnetite grains revealed by magnetic force microscopy (MFM)

In order to clarify the relationship between microscopic and macroscopic magnetic features of a rock, we applied magnetic force microscopy (MFM) as a local probe on a sample with an intense natural remanent magnetisation, a norite from Heskestad, Norway. We studied in detail seven magnetite (Fe₃O₄) exsolution lamellae, five of them were about 30 μm long and a few micrometers wide, two were significantly shorter; all were located in their natural host, a grain of clinopyroxene. By combining MFM images of surface magnetisation with information about shape observed with optical microscopy (OM), the internal domain structure was determined for individual grains. In general, the lamellae were pseudo-single-domain grains with open-flux domain magnetisations parallel to their long axes. The domain sizes were, in cross-section, on the order of a micrometer for the longer lamellae and about 300 nm for the short lamellae. By increasing the separation between the MFM probe and the exposed end of the lamellae, information could be obtained about the decrease in stray fields for the individual grains. Close to the lamellae, stray fields were significant even for grains with multiple domains. The largest fields were found above the largest domains. A separation of approximately one domain width was found to be a characteristic distance, where stray fields from adjacent domains begin to cancel one another.     

灌注桩基础工程质量事故的处理

灌注桩基础是珠江三角洲地区工业与民用建筑广泛采用的基础形式之一,但由于各种原因,发生质量问题的灌注桩基础屡见不鲜.本文简明地介绍了灌注桩基础工程质量事故概况、灌注桩质量检测和评价方法以及灌注桩质量事故处理的常用方法.     

An estimation of internal soliton forces on a pile in the ocean

Internal soliton forces on oil-platform piles in the ocean are estimated with the Morison Formula. Different from sur- face wave forces, which change only in magnitude along a pile, internal soliton forces can be distributed over the entire pile in the water and they change not only in magnitude but also in direction with depth. Our calculations show that the maximum total force caused by a soliton with its associated current of 2.1 m s-1 is nearly equal to the maximum total force exerted by a surface wave with a wavelength of 300 m and a wave-height of 18 m. The total internal soliton force is large enough to affect the operations of marine oil platforms and other facilities. Therefore, the influence of internal solitons should not be neglected in the design of oil platforms.     

内蒙古敖脑达坝斑岩型铜银锡多金属矿床围岩蚀变特征研究

在给出明确的命名原则基础上，将矿床的蚀变围岩划分为五类：黄玉石英交代岩、绿泥石石英交代岩、绢云母石英交代岩、电气石绿泥石化花岗斑岩、钾长石化花岗斑岩。在平面上岩体中心部位为黄玉石英蚀变带，其两侧为绿泥石石英蚀变带；在剖面上由上向下依次出现绿泥石石英蚀变带→黄玉石英蚀变带→绢英岩化带→钾化带→（电气石）绿泥石化带。从蚀变岩石地球化学角度阐述了铜银锡各自不同的成矿部位。     

深基坑土钉支护现场测试分析研究

土钉支护技术在我国深基坑开挖和支护中己得到了广泛的应用,但对其工作机理和计算方法的研究尚不完善。以一个基坑土钉支护工程为实例,对基坑水平位移、土钉拉力进行现场测试,得出了土钉水平位移和拉力的分布规律:(1)基坑最大位移发生在基坑顶部;(2)沿基坑深度范围受力最大的土钉在中部;(3)单根土钉最大拉力作用点在其长度的中部,沿基坑深度方向土钉最大拉力作用点的连线形成的曲线是潜在最危险滑动面的位置。     

桩锚结构变形协调方法的改进研究

桩锚结构变形协调条件是桩锚结构设计中内力计算的关键点。现行桩锚结构变形协调条件是在锚索施加预应力后桩身向坡内变形十分微小而忽略不计的条件下推导得到的,只适用于锚索预应力微小或为0的情况。但在许多工程实例中,锚索的预应力较大,导致的桩身变形不能被忽略。因此,现行的变形协调条件假设与桩锚结构的实际工作状态不一致。利用结构力学理论,在研究桩锚结构体系的两阶段变形过程的基础上,对变形协调方程从2个方面改进,其一是改变原有方法中抗滑桩滑面处位移和转角的计算方法;其二是改变第j排锚索对桩身 点处位移贡献的计算形式。算例分析表明,改进桩锚结构变形协调条件,可以更好地为工程设计服务。     

坡面含沙水流水动力学特性研究进展

坡面流是坡面侵蚀的主要动力之一,具有独特的水动力学特性。本文对坡面含沙水流的流态、阻力系数、流速的测量与计算、径流能量以及含沙量对以上参数的影响进行了系统深入的论述。表征坡面流流态的参数有雷诺数与弗汝德数,雷诺数研究的分歧点一般存在于对其“层流”的界定上,降雨扰动是造成其流态特殊性的主要原因,一般认为裸土上的清水坡面流弗汝德数大于1,较少的研究含沙水流流态的资料表明,目前对含沙水流雷诺数的观点不一,但多数学者认为含沙水流属于缓流范畴;不同坡面试验所获得的阻力系数值不同,影响阻力系数的因素有雷诺数、水深、弗汝德数、含沙量等,在含沙水流中,阻力系数与雷诺数、水深的关系复杂,与弗汝德数呈负相关,随含沙量的增加而增大;测量坡面流流速的方法很多,各自存在优缺点,精密仪器暂不适合量测含沙水流,用染色剂法测量坡面含沙水流的流速具有一定的可行性,常采用坡度、流量的幂函数计算坡面流流速,一般认为流速与含沙量呈反比;能量是坡面流水动力学特性的综合体现,一般认为随着含沙量的增加,坡面流能量消耗呈增加趋势。在此基础上提出了目前研究中存在的不足之处,为分析坡面侵蚀机理、完善坡面侵蚀模型提供理论依据。     

PDC钻头切削齿受力随布齿密度变化关系研究

采用不同布齿方式的３个ＰＤＣ切削齿同步连续切削转动的岩石为模拟井底钻头切削齿实际工作状态，用切削岩石时相同的布齿参数切削砂轮来磨损切削以模拟切削的以模拟切削齿磨状态，试验研究了不同磨损程度的切削齿受力与布齿密度的关系。     

利用标贯击数估算静压桩的沉桩阻力

选用最易获得的标准贯入试验锤击数估算静力压入桩的沉桩阻力,提出了经验公式。对桩端阻力、桩侧阻力在土层中的变化等计算的细节问题进行了讨论,并编制了计算结果可视化的程序。2个工程实例的计算结果表明,用标贯锤击数估算静压桩沉桩阻力的方法是可行的,计算出的压桩力满足工程精度要求,可以方便的用于判断沉桩可能性、估算承载力、选择沉桩设备等。