地震-电成像联合探测试验——以淄博市活断层探测为例

在城市浅部活断层探测中,地震和电成像是2种主要的地球物理勘探手段。它们既可独立开展工作,也可在地质构造复杂地段进行联合探测,以更合理地解释探测区域的地质构造。文中利用电阻率和地震纵波速度之间的简单关系,进行了地震-电成像联合反演的初步探索。结果表明,通过参考电成像图像的电阻率分布,可获得合理的准二维地震波叠加速度模型,最终获得探测区域合理的地震时/深剖面,深化对地质构造的认识和提供合理的解释     

Monitoring Contact State of Laboratory Fault with Coda Transmission Waves

We monitored the amplitude changes of coda transmission waves around 500kHz across the frictional interface of a simulated 1.5-meter-long fault during normal stress holding test. We find that the amplitude of coda transmission waves increases with the logarithm of stationary contact time. Localized increase amounted to a level ranging from 4% to 16% along the fault is observed during the 1-hour experiment. We discuss that the frictional strength at mesoscopic scale, which is related to the amplitude of coda transmission waves, is responsible for the phenomenon. Combining the reported method with other complementary approaches will enhance the understanding of fault mechanism either at laboratory or on-site applications.     

论大陆岩石圈内的垂直转换断层

近些年来,地震测深和重力测量方法揭示出大陆岩石圈内存在一组穿透地壳并延深到上地幔的高角度断裂,经厘定,被命名为垂直转换断层(vertical trans-form fault)。原只认为它们存在于高亚洲,包括青藏高原。本文表明其也出现于低亚洲西伯利亚平原。大陆岩石圈内是否普遍存在垂直转换断层以及它们在大陆岩石圈动力学研究中的意义,是今后构造地质学研究的方向之一。      

我国地质勘查行业诚信体系建设的路径探讨

从我国地勘行业诚信现状和面临的新形势来看,地勘行业诚信体系被视为行业健康发展的命脉和基础。通过分析地勘行业诚信体系建设的现状和面临的问题,借鉴国外发达国家社会信用体系建设的模式,提出政府主导构建地勘行业诚信体系的模式。在此基础上,运用斜坡球体理论提出了地勘行业诚信体系建设的支撑力、下滑力和拉动力以及相互之间的驱动机制,并从抑制及减少下滑力、增强拉动力和构筑牢固的支撑力三方面提出了政府主导模式下各参与方建设地勘行业诚信体系的实现路径和具体措施。     

SL3-1型双翻斗雨量传感器常见故障处理及误差调节

通过对SL3-1型双翻斗雨量传感器结构和工作原理进行分析,找出雨量传感器易发生故障现象、原因和维修方法,总结雨量传感器在校准过程中的注意事项和误差调节方法,供同行借鉴参考。     

The Coarse-Grained Lacustrine Slope Apron Deposits in the Moliqing Area, Yitong Basin, Northeast China

Overlapping gravity accumulation bodies were formed on the northwestern steep slope of the Shuangyang Formation in the Moliqing fault depression of northeast China. This study analyzed in detail the spatial distribution of the lithofacies and lithofacies associations of these accumulation bodies based on more than 600 m of core sections, and summarized 12 major types of lithofacies and three types of lithofacies associations: (1) the proximal zone consists of gravelly debris flows dominated by alluvial channel conglomerates; (2) the middle zone is dominated by various gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits; and (3) the distal zone is dominated by mudstones with intercalations of sandy debris and turbidites. Combining with the grain size cumulative probability curves analysis, we determined the transformation of debris flows to sandy debris flows and to turbidity currents in the slope zone of the basin margin, and further proposed a lacustrine slope apron model that is characterized by (1) an inconstant multiple source (line source), (2) an alternation of gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits dominated by periodical changes in a source flood flow system, and (3) the transformation of sandy debris flow deposits into distal turbidity current deposits. This sedimentary model may be applicable to other fault depressions for predicting reservoir distribution.     

上扬子地台震旦系铅锌矿床类型及找矿方向

上扬子地台含铅锌矿地层主要为震旦系。震旦系在上扬子地台主要发育上统灯影组,次有下统陡山沱组。将上扬子地台震旦系铅锌矿床成因划分为一级为叠生矿床,二级为层控矿床,三级为热水沉积改造矿床和热水沉积再造矿床四级类型,该类型按铅锌比例进一步划分为富铅型、富锌型、铅锌共生型。研究区内最重要的铅锌矿床成因类型为南郑马元、会东大梁子铅锌矿为代表的富锌型。陕西南郑、紫阳—镇坪地区,湖北武当、神农架、黄陵地区,以及地台西缘的安宁河、甘洛—小江、峨边—寻甸等地区的震旦系是寻找铅锌矿的最有利地段。     

礼县—罗家堡断裂晚第四纪活动特征:兼论1654年礼县8级地震孕震机制

1654年7月21日甘肃省礼县8级地震发生在南北地震带的中北段, 该地区的构造变形和构造活动与青藏高原向北东方向的扩展密切相关, 复杂的构造几何特征主要受控于东昆仑断裂、西秦岭北缘断裂和一系列北东向断裂. 礼县—罗家堡断裂为一条北东东向的左旋走滑活动断裂, 错断了含有仰韶文化红色陶瓷片的一级阶地堆积物, 阶地面上断层陡坎高约1.5 m. 沿断裂带发现冲沟的左旋位错量为3~10 m, 晚更新世黄土中残留的断层陡坎高4.5~8 m. 其中两条冲沟中发现裂点, 高3.5~3.9 m, 距断层陡坎的距离为16 m. 礼县—盐关—罗家堡—天水镇一带发育大量的滑坡, 长轴走向与礼县—罗家堡断裂一致, 滑坡体后缘、侧壁陡峭, 出露晚第四纪黄土, 鲜有植被覆盖. 礼县—罗家堡断裂为1654年8级地震的发震断裂.综合分析认为, 受青藏高原向北东方向的扩展, 被西秦岭北缘断裂、礼县—罗家堡断裂和岷县—宕昌断裂围限的礼县次级地块向南东滑动可能导致了1654年礼县8级地震的发生. 断裂北、南两侧地壳电性结构的差异为强震的孕育提供了深部构造条件.     

The Geothermal Study of the Mid-Segment of the Tancheng-Lujiang Fault Zone and Its Neighboring Region

In this paper,25 new terrestrial heat flow values newly observed along the mid-segment of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone are listed.With these geothermal data and 37 other terrestrial heat flow values(previously published),we describe the distribution features of terrestrial heat flows in the area.In this research,the two-dimensional temperature structure from the surface to lithospheric bottom of the Huaibei-Sixian-Jinhu profile is inferred by using the finite-element method and the temperature and heat flow of sedimentary,granitic,and basaltic layers is calculated.     

阿尔泰山铁格特铅多金属矿区地球化学特征及找矿方向

通过对HS-13号1∶5万地球化学异常进行大比例尺岩石地球化学测量和异常查证成果分析,在铁格特一带石炭系红山嘴组地层中构造破碎带发育部位并叠加1∶1万化探铅锌异常区是铅锌矿找矿有利靶区;石炭系红山嘴组地层与侵入体接触部位并叠加有1∶1万钨化探异常发育区是寻找钨矿的有利靶区。优选铅锌钨矿成矿靶区,且进一步工作有望形成矿产地。