前陆盆地类型及其沉积动力学研究综述

从前陆盆地的特点及类型入手,综述了前陆盆地研究的热点内容,最新方法及其沉积动力学进展状况,揭示了前陆背景下盆地充填序列的构成及内部演化特征,指出了盆地的沉积－地层格架与冲断造山带的幕式活动之间的响应关系。     

断层封闭性研究进展

对断层封闭性的研究现状进行了总结,概述了断层封闭性理论机理,影响因素和评价方法,对其中存在的一些问题如封闭机理及与有关的评价方法,构造反转与断层封闭的关系以及断层封闭性的三维研究问题进行了讨论。     

地震折射和反射波联合勘探在桥址区工程勘察中的应用

用浅层地震折射和反射联合勘探方法在京—沪高速公路沭河桥址区进行隐伏断层和层位划分探测试验。试验是在宽约300m的水面上进行的,采用ES-2401高分辨率数字地震仪和“五小二高”的工作方法,综合利用折射和反射波信息,提高地质推断解释的可靠性,探测试验取得了良好的效果。     

Geophysical phenomena during an ionospheric modification experiment at Tromsø, Norway

We present an analysis of phenomena observed by HF distance-diagnostic tools located in St. Petersburg combined with multi-instrument observation at Tromsø in the HF modified ionosphere during a magnetospheric substorm. The observed phenomena that occurred during the Tromsø heating experiment in the nightside auroral E_s region of the ionosphere depend on the phase of substorm. The heating excited small-scale field-aligned irregularities in the E region responsible for field-aligned scattering of diagnostic HF waves. The equipment used in the experiment was sensitive to electron density irregularities with wavelengths 12–15 m across the geomagnetic field lines. Analysis of the Doppler measurement data shows the appearance of quasiperiodic variations with a Doppler frequency shift, f_d and periods about 100–120 s during the heating cycle coinciding in time with the first substorm activation and initiation of the upward field-aligned currents. A relationship between wave variations in f_d and magnetic pulsations in the Y-component of the geomagnetic field at Tromsø was detected. The analysis of the magnetic field variations from the IMAGE magnetometer stations shows that ULF waves occurred, not only at Tromsø, but in the adjacent area bounded by geographical latitudes from 70.5° to 68° and longitudes from 16° to 27°. It is suggested that the ULF observed can result from superposition of the natural and heater-induced ULF waves. During the substorm expansion a strong stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) at the third harmonic of the downshifted maximum frequency was found. It is believed that SEE is accompanied by excitation of the VLF waves penetrating into magneto-sphere and stimulating the precipitation of the energetic electrons (10–40 keV) of about 1-min duration. This is due to a cyclotron resonant interaction of natural precipitating electrons (1–10 keV) with heater-induced whistler waves in the magnetosphere. It is reasonable to suppose that a new substorm activation, exactly above Tromsø, was closely connected with the heater-induced precipitation of energetic electrons.     

Ray equation migration of wide-angle reflections in Dabie orogenic zone

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Gas emission prediction and recovery in underground coal mines

Strata gas can be released and captured from non-active and active gas resources either from virgin or relaxed strata, both prior to and when mining activities take place. The high and irregular gas emissions associated with high production longwall mining have provided a need to optimise the methods used to predict these gas levels and the ventilation requirements for gas dilution. A forecast of gas emissions during development drivage and longwall mining indicated possible gas and ventilation problems requiring the introduction of various gas drainage techniques and in maintaining the necessary air quantities in ventilation systems to satisfy the statutory gas limitations for various coal production rates. Although there are sound principles used in world-recognised methods of gas emission prediction, a new approach developed from long-term practical experience in underground gassy coal mine practices and gas-rock mechanics studies appear most suitable for local conditions and mining systems in use. The Lunagas ‘Floorgas' and ‘Roofgas' geomechanical and gas emission models offer an effective solution to these problems. Both programs are the most advanced engineering, numerical tools available to calculate gas source contributions to total gassiness and improve the accuracy and quality of gas control, gas capture technologies and ventilation system design.     

小江断裂带中段晚新生代构造盆地演化阶段

小江断裂带中段的盆地可以划分三个阶段,即Ｎ２－Ｑ１,Ｑ２末－Ｑ３初和Ｑ３－Ｑ４。这些盆地受小江断裂带左旋走滑运动控制。     

思普地区地震活动和地质构造的相关性研究

红河断裂是云南主要的区域大断裂,区内现代构造运动强烈,但其南段长期无中强地震发生,而离它仅１００ｋｍ的滇西南思普地区地震活动却异常强烈,本在前人工作的基础上,研究了滇西南地区地壳构造和地震活动特点,用人工地震测探等方面的实际资料进一步证实了思普地区存在地较大规模的北东向断层,并提出北东向断层的思普地区地震活动中起重要控制作用的结论。     

红河断裂北段土壤中断层气含量变化特征

介绍了作者在滇西地震预报实验场区进行的土壤中断层气研究结果．沿红河断裂带断层气组分Ｈ２,ＣＯ２,Ｈｇ和Ｒｎ含量很高．沿该断裂洱源测线断层气Ｈ２,ＣＯ２和Ｒｎ含量最低,向南Ｈ２,ＣＯ２含量逐渐升高,其中以定西岭测线的Ｈ２,ＣＯ２含量最高．表明在该段断裂活动强烈,而洱源一带断裂活动较弱．