Quantitative characterization of connectivity and conductivity of sandstone carriers during secondary petroleum migration,applied to the Third Member of Eocene Shahejie Formation,Dongying Depression,Eastern China

Studies on migration pathways remain qualitative, albeit extensive quantification of migration forcing. In this study, hydrocarbon carriers are defined as carrier units and their corresponding carrier beds for the Third Member of Eocene Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, on the basis of their lithofacies and physical properties, spatial relationships, and data availability; secondary migration conduits are then quantified. A carrier unit is defined as a stratigraphic unit that contains microscopically porous and permeable carrier beds and is covered by regional seals. The carrier beds are macroscopically and physically connected to each other within a carrier unit and are hydrodynamically connected during secondary migration. A method of quantifying sandstone carrier units using common physical properties is developed. First, a carrier unit containing potential carrier beds is identified on the basis of lithofacies and their lateral changes. Second, physical connectivity of sandstone carrier beds is assessed on the basis of percolation theory. Third, the hydrodynamic connectivity of a sandstone carrier unit is analyzed using effective parameters that may reflect the hydraulic circulation in the carrier unit. Last, the conductivity of a sandstone carrier bed is quantitatively characterized using appropriate physical property parameters. The results for sandstone carrier units in the Third Member of the Shahejie Formation are used in numerical models addressing Pleistocene secondary migration. The model results explain the discovered accumulation and hydrocarbon shows well; and the model predictions on exploration targets have been confirmed by drilling.     

冀中坳陷下第三系构造背斜成因分类

冀中坳陷的下第三系构造背斜主要形成于伸展断陷背景下 ,与正断层系统联系紧密。根据背斜与断层关系 ,基本类型可分为 3种 ,即纵向、横向和复合背斜 ;根据具体构造力学背景 ,这 3种背斜可进一步分为 8类 ,即 :重力滑动型、张扭型、拆离拱张型、逆牵引型、断层线偏转型、侧接型、复杂变换型、复合型。这些背斜是构造演化的产物 ,在一定程度上指示了坳陷内的构造演化规律 ,同时又是形成油气藏的有利圈闭 ,目前已取得显著勘探成效     

基于像素工厂的5D MarkⅢ航摄影像处理研究

阐述了利用无人机搭载佳能EOS 5D MarkⅢ相机获取的航摄影像数据,在像素工厂下制作DOM的全过程,着重讲解了空三加密处理流程,总结了需要注意的问题,可为今后相关数据的生产提供参考。     

珠Ⅰ坳陷油源对比及恩平组烃源岩的相对贡献

恩平组烃源岩成藏贡献研究对于拓展珠Ⅰ坳陷勘探新领域以及发现新的储量具有重要的应用价值, 目前相关研究较少.在油源对比的基础上, 将生标绝对含量与端元油配比实验相结合, 研究了珠Ⅰ坳陷恩平组烃源岩对单井油样的相对贡献.油源对比结果指示, 研究区原油可分为3类: 第1类源自始新统文昌组中深湖相烃源岩, 主要分布在惠陆低凸起、番禺4洼、流花凸起等地区; 第2类源自始新统-渐新统恩平组湖沼相烃源岩, 仅分布在惠州凹陷北部; 第3类为混源油, 发现于惠州凹陷南部和恩平凹陷.甾萜类绝对含量等7个指标建立的混源比例图版适用于计算油样中前两类烃源岩的相对贡献.计算结果表明, 文昌组烃源岩是珠Ⅰ坳陷的主力烃源岩, 恩平组烃源岩仅对惠州凹陷和恩平凹陷中的部分油样存在贡献.      

珠三坳陷北部珠海组—韩江组沉积演化及储盖组合

根据区域地质背景、岩性、古生物、成像测井、地震资料等综合分析,珠三坳陷北部珠海组—韩江组经历了一个海侵逐渐发展的过程,其中珠海组、珠江组二段发育潮坪、海岸平原、小型三角洲,珠江组一段发育滨海、浅海,韩江组主要发育浅海、大型三角洲。珠三坳陷北部珠海组—韩江组形成了3套储盖组合,分别为珠海组、珠江组二段潮坪相砂岩与珠江组一段底部浅海相泥岩所形成的下组合,珠江组一段中、下部滨海相砂岩与珠江组一段上部浅海相泥岩所形成的中组合,韩江组下部三角洲相砂岩与韩江组中部浅海相泥岩所形成的上组合。目前在3套储盖组合中均发现了油层,证实了储盖组合的存在及其储集油气的能力。     

Distribution Patterns of Calcite Cement in the Turbidite Sandstones of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Eastern China

Calcite cements are volumetrically dominant among the most diagenetic constituents in turbidite sandstones of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression. The results show carbonate cements mainly occur in three phases: Calcite I (pre-compaction), Calcite II (post-compaction) and ankerite in the turbidite sandstone. The isotopic composition of Calcite I and Calcite II range from ?4.3‰ to 4.4‰, ?3.5‰ to 4.3‰ PDB, respectively, suggesting that the calcite cements are mainly derived from the interbedded shales. The early calcite cement precipitated from the mixing of lacustrine and meteoric waters at 38–69°C. The late-phase calcite precipitated from pore waters modified by water-rock interactions at 64–126°C. Two distribution patterns of calcite cements can be identified, depending on their position within the sandstone. The peripheral cementation of the sandstones is near the sand-shale contact. The development of cement is controlled by sandstone thickness and the properties of the interbedded shale. For scattered cementation, the distribution of the calcite cement is not controlled by the sand-shale contact. Calcite cement was preferentially distributed in coarse-grained sandstones, indicating that sandstones with high original permeability are the preferred pathway for the migration of early diagenetic fluids.     

黄骅坳陷中区中生代构造演化

渤海湾盆地地区中生代构造演化与样式始终不明朗,特别是对燕山期变形始终存在争议,故选择黄骅坳陷中区中生界作为重点剖析对象,通过大量地震剖面的解释和平衡剖面技术复原古构造演化的研究,并结合前人研究成果和区域构造背景,提出黄骅坳陷中区中生代演化过程可大致分为4个阶段:印支晚期东西向宽缓褶皱及后期逆冲构造变形期、燕山早期挤压走滑构造变形期、燕山中期继承性挤压与右旋张扭构造变形期、燕山晚期一喜山期区域性伸展构造变形期。     

珠江口盆地番禺4洼文昌组基于层序地层格架约束下的优质烃源岩预测

珠江口盆地番禺4洼“小而肥”,目前的探明石油地质储量已超出早期估算的地质资源量,早期对烃源岩的认识不足可能是其主要原因,尤其是对优质烃源岩的分布范围仍缺少精确刻画,在很大程度上限制了对该洼陷勘探潜力的认知。以该难点问题为切入点,利用最新钻井和地震资料,采取层序地层学开展了番禺4洼烃源岩的预测工作。通过地震资料上识别的各种反射特征,结合区内已有钻井资料识别的旋回特征,将番禺4洼文昌组划分5个三级层序,进而建立了等时地层格架。在此基础上,综合运用地震沉积学最新技术手段,精细揭示了番禺4洼文昌组文三段优质烃源岩的分布范围。研究结果表明,番禺4洼优质烃源岩分布面积较为广泛,尤其在北次洼和西次洼,优质源岩面积均超过了以往预期。这一研究成果对本区和珠江口盆地油气勘探具有一定指导意义。     

渤海海域渤中19-6构造古近系泥岩段速度异常分析及定量预测

渤中19-6、渤中21/22构造区位于渤中凹陷西南部,其中渤中19-6构造古近系底部砂砾岩层和太古界潜山以及渤中21/22构造古生界潜山均有商业性油气发现。已钻井揭示研究区古近系泥岩段普遍发育异常高压,实测压力系数介于1.2～2.0。在这样的超压背景下,应用传统方法对未钻区块超压泥岩段速度预测存在较大误差。而该段地层速度预测的准确性,对于更深部的砂砾岩层和潜山顶面深度预测及钻井作业安全至关重要。以超压形成机制为出发点,明确本区速度异常的主要控制因素为欠压实作用和生烃作用。随着埋深增加,通过对比压力、速度受欠压实和生烃作用强弱变化的影响,发现在古近系超压泥岩段,欠压实作用对速度影响逐渐趋于稳定,速度的变化主要受控于生烃作用的强弱,并据此建立了速度和影响因素之间的定量关系。根据该方法预测的潜山顶面深度与探井实钻深度吻合度较高,提高了钻井作业的安全性。     

未熟-低熟油流体特征--以济阳坳陷古近系为例

对济阳坳陷古近系储层中流体包裹体的研究进一步证明，其油气属未熟—低熟油气。除了油藏埋深浅、地层时代新、为自生自储同生油藏外，还具下列特征：油气生成温度低，包裹体均一温度范围为53～115℃；处于低演化阶段，储层中主要的包裹体类型是纯液态烃包裹体及纯液体盐水溶液包裹体。包裹体烃类成分中重烃及丁烷含量高，重烃平均占总烃的52．14％，丁烷平均占总烃的14．46％；流体压力高，估算的流体压力范围是10．0～40．5MPa；盐度较高；还原环境；古地温梯度高，为3．830℃／100m等流体特征。研究结果为该坳陷油气成因及识别未熟—低熟油成油物理化学条件等提供了信息。