从模拟实验的结果看底辟发育的力学机制

底辟构造在我国东部沉积盆地中有广泛的分布,并蕴藏有丰富的油气资源。作者模拟了隐刺穿构造的发育过程及其变形特征,从而分析底辟发育的力学机制。实验结果表明,底辟的形成时间和底辟核的形态对底辟变形有重大影响。绝大多数隐刺穿构造。在其顶部都发育一个地堑断裂系,这是底辟构造的共同特征。     

Development of grabens and associated fault-drags: An experimental study

Experiments on extensional faulting were performed with semi-brittle talc-sand beds resting on a ductile clay base. The experiments show that the development of graben in the talc-sand beds is controlled by the deformation in the ductile basement. Graben-like structures form only when there is a non-uniform stretching in the basement. Uniform extension at the basement level fails to produce any such structures. Grabens initiate as large synclinal structures (sag). The sag is generated either by a downward flexing of the talc-sand bed on a ductile basement or by non ****-uniform thinning of beds. Listric master faults bounding the grabens intersect the basement at high angles. The master faults that initiate as curved shear planes rotate further with continued extension. At the initial stage, the graben structures are associated with normal drags, and with progressive deformation, drag patterns change from normal to a reverse one.     

断陷盆地高原面典型岩溶洼地旱季土壤水氢氧同位素时空差异特征

以云南省蒙自断陷盆地东山山区典型岩溶洼地为研究区,通过野外采集土壤样品与实验室测试分析相结合的方法,运用稳定同位素技术研究旱季不同深度土壤水氢氧同位素组成,揭示区内土壤水氢氧同位素时空变化特征,为进一步研究云南断陷盆地山区土壤水分运移机制和当地农业合理利用和管理水资源提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)土壤水δD、δ18O同位素值的变化范围分别为-128.3‰~-27.6‰和-17.5‰~2.5‰,平均值分别为-96.1‰±20.7‰和-12.3‰±3.7‰,降雨转化为土壤水和水分在土壤中重新分布时发生一定程度的氢氧同位素分馏。(2)旱季两个月份土壤水氢氧同位素组成发生变化,4月份土壤水δD、δ18O同位素平均值分别为-86.3‰±23.83‰和-10.6‰±4.3‰,显著高于2月份(δD:-106.1‰±9.5‰;δ18O:-14.1‰±1.6‰)(p<0.05),主要和4月份土壤水的蒸发作用强烈有关。(3)在空间上,坡地与洼地之间土壤水氢氧同位素组成存在差异,2月份坡地与洼地之间土壤水δD、δ18O值差异显著(p<0.05),洼地土壤水δD、δ18O比坡地偏轻;4月份坡地与洼地之间土壤水δD、δ18O值差异不显著(p>0.05)。(4)土壤垂直剖面方向上土壤水δD、δ18O值随着土壤深度的增加而减小,浅层土壤水δ18O和深层土壤水δ18O存在显著差异,2月份浅层土壤水δ18O比深层土壤水δ18O偏正2.8‰,4月份浅层土壤水δ18O比深层土壤水δ18O偏正10.5‰。      

银川盆地第四纪地球化学元素特征及沉积环境

通过分析银川盆地Ｙ１孔地球化学元素含量及其分布规律,参考地层岩性等因素,确定了该盆地第四系地层地球化学元素的分带。依据地球化学元素分布,结合孢娄分析成果探讨了银川盆地第四纪中、晚期以来的沉积环境和古气候及其演化规律。     

基于双差定位法的鄂尔多斯块体西北缘地震精定位研究

针对鄂尔多斯块体西北缘地震活动的复杂性及目前台网定位方法存在偏差的问题,采用双差定位法对2009—2019年发生在鄂尔多斯块体西北缘的地震事件进行重新定位.经研究表明,双差定位之后地震分布更集中,鄂尔多斯块体西缘的地震沿银川吉兰泰断陷带分布,北缘的地震沿河套断陷带分布,地震定位精度明显提高,这与块体周缘复杂的地质构造背...     

应用电性特征研究银川平原地下水水质空间分布规律

以蕴涵丰富地下水系统水循环信息的电性特征为线索,采用电测深法,在分析研究银川平原450 m深度内地下水系统的空间结构的基础上,对平原地下水水质空间分布规律进行了综合研究,为银川平原地下水资源可持续利用战略的制订提供了依据。     

太行山东麓汤西断裂南段活动特征分析

采用槽探、年代样品测试、阶地调查和形变测量监测等方法，对太行山东麓汤西断裂南段进行研究，分析其活动特征。结果表明，汤西断裂发育于中更新世，历经多次活动，断裂并未上延到上更新统地层中，其南段的活动强度较高，最新活动年代为中更新世；汤西断裂西代村场地的垂直形变监测（1999~2014年）结果存在异常，综合监测点数据和区域新构造特征分析发现，该异常可能是研究区区域形变场的反映，并非由汤西断裂活动引起。     

小口子泉水氡映震范围及能级研究

介绍了银川基准台小口子泉的概况以及水氡观测情况。研究了自1990以来银川台小口子泉周边地区300 km范围内ML4.0以上地震与银川台水氡资料的映震情况。通过对典型震例深入研究,总结了小口子泉水氡与周边地区地震活动的对应关系,探讨了小口子泉水氡对周边地区地震的对应范围和对应的震级范围。小口子泉水氡异常对该泉点西北方向的地震反映灵敏,且都是低值异常。     

Recent tectonic stress field research in Shanxi graben system

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Neogene basin development around Söke-Kuşadası (western Anatolia) and its bearing on tectonic development of the Aegean region

The AMS study has been performed on various types of the basement – Variscan granitic and surrounding – Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the Velká Fatra Mountains, Tatric Superunit of the Central Western Carpathians. The Velká Fatra Mts. provides good opportunity for AMS study because of composite S-type and I-type granite character of pluton and clear relations to Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the cover and nappe positions. The granitic massif consists of the three types of weakly magnetic peraluminous granites (350 – 340 Ma in age), ranging from two-mica granites to biotite granodiorites in composition and carrying accessory monazite and ilmenite; whereby they resemble common S-type and/or Ilmenite Series granite. This pre-existing granitic body was intruded by relatively young (304 Ma old) metaluminous to subaluminous, strongly magnetic (due to magnetite) tonalitic intrusion of the I-type and/or Magnetite Series granite. In all S-types investigated as well as in the I-type tonalite body, the magnetic fabrics are not uniform, but slightly variable within a body and differing from body to body. The magnetic fabrics in all granitic rocks can be classified as mostly magmatic in origin, only subordinately affected by ductile deformation. The Alpine overprint of the magnetic fabric of the Variscan granite frequent in the central areas of the Central Western Carpathians was only weak in the Velká Fatra Mts. and the magnetic fabrics of these granites thus mostly comprise the original Variscan magmatic fabrics. On the other hand, in the marginal parts of the Velká Fatra Mts. the magnetic fabrics in granites are locally conformable to the deformational magnetic fabrics in surrounding sedimentary rocks (Mesozoic in age) thus indicating at least local effects of the Alpine deformation. The magnetic fabrics in Mesozoic sedimentary rocks covering the crystalline basement are partially (Cover Formation) to entirely (Nappe Units) deformational in origin.