Strain investigations on calcite marbles using neutron time-of-flight diffraction

In order to describe and explain the effect of bowing of marble facade panels, neutron time-of-flight diffraction was applied to determine residual macro- and microstrain on the calcite mineral phase. The measurements were combined with investigations of the crystallographic preferred orientation (texture) measurements by neutron diffraction, macroscopic measuring of the bowing on marble building stones, as well as microfabric analyses. Three samples were investigated to explain the bowing effect: a fresh broken sample, a good conditioned facade panel and a strongly deformed facade panel. Residual intracrystalline strain was detected in all investigated samples, which differed in the degree of bowing. For the first time, the preferred orientation and the residual strain were found to be related. The results show that different strain magnitudes are reflected by residual strains, which differ significantly in magnitude and direction. Furthermore, different Bragg peak widths have been detected as an indication of microscopic strain. The observed residual strain values in the samples are related with the grain shape and texture properties.     

Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction in situ study of fine-grained minerals in shock veins of Suizhou meteorite

The Suizhou meteorite is an L6chondrite,which fell on April15,1986in Dayanpo,12.5km in the southeast of Suizhou City,Hubei Province,China[1].This meteorite is shock-metamorphosed to shock stage3—4[2].A few thin shock melt veins of0.02—0.09mm in width were observed in this chondrite[1,2].Similar to many other L6chondrites[3—5],the Suizhou shock veins contain two assemblages of high-pressure minerals[2,6—8]:(i)the“coarse-grained”assemblage of ringwoodite+majorite+NaAlSi3O8-hollandite…     

Compressibility of the calcium aluminosilicate, CAS, phase to 44 GPa

In situ X-ray diffraction measurements on a calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) phase have been carried out using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell up to a pressure of 44 GPa, employing a synchrotron radiation source. CAS is the major mineral formed from sediments subducted into the Earth's mantle. The sample was heated using a YAG laser after each pressure increment to relax the deviatoric stress in the sample. X-ray diffraction measurements were carried out at T = 300 K using an angle-dispersive technique. The pressure was calculated using an internal platinum metal pressure calibrant. The Birch–Murnaghan equation of state for the CAS phase obtained from the experimental unit cell parameters showed a density of ρ₀ = 3.888 g/cm³ and a bulk modulus of K₀ = 229 ± 9 GPa for K^′₀ = 4.7 ± 0.7. When the first pressure derivative of the bulk modulus was fixed at K^′₀ = 4, then the value of K₀ = 239 ± 2 GPa. From the experimental compressibility, the density of the CAS phase was observed to be lower than the density of co-existing Al-bearing stishovite, calcium perovskite, calcium ferrite-type phases, and (Fe,Al)-bearing Mg-perovskite in subducted sediments in the lower mantle. Therefore, the density of subducted sediments in the lower mantle decreases with increasing mineral proportion of the CAS phase.     

X射线晶体学技术的发展及其在地球深部物质研究中的应用

随着光源更为全面的应用、探测器及计算技术方面的发展X射线晶体学技术得到了利用电子藕合探测器技术（CCD）对矿物晶体包括对地幔矿物及具有调制结构的矿物晶体结构的测定．开发出电子藕合探测器技术中的甘道菲（Gandolfi）方法。该方法不仅能对单晶样品进行德拜环的测定，而且可大量应用于难以取得单晶颗粒的样品的XRD研究．从而使得处于单晶（具有严格单一的晶体学取向）及粉晶（具有完全随机的晶体学取向）之间过渡类型的晶体的XRD研究成为可能。该方法与粉末衍射图谱的全谱拟合（Rietveld method）法相结合可解决粉晶结构解析和精修问题。     

西藏罗布莎铬铁矿中硅铁合金矿物的X射线衍射研究

天然成因的硅铁合金,通常认为与地幔及陨击事件有关。通过应用新的衍射技术,得到了西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩块豆荚状铬铁矿床中硅铁合金的粉晶X射线衍射数据,确认了合金物相为FeSi_2和FeSi及少量自然硅,确定了物相组合关系。本区硅铁合金具有FeSi→FeSi_2→自然硅的晶出顺序,推测其形成环境中的还原程度依次增高。     

对P波衍射波Pdif震相记录范围的讨论

通过１６年（１９８０－１９９５年）中国地震台网对极远震记录资料分析后的结论是：Ｐ波衍射波Ｐｄｉｆ在中国台网的记录上震中距范围可达到１００°－１５８°附近，最低震级可在５．６级；佘山台的记录范围比全国台网窄些，而且对地区的灵敏度较大。结论说明我国地震台网对Ｐｄｉｆ震相的记录范围比理论值广，亦对台站速报和台站测震分析起一定作用。     

硫锑铅矿的成分及结构研究

运用电子探针，透射电镜，粉晶衍射方法对广西大厂硫锑铅矿进行了综合研究，证实硫锑铅矿的晶体结构是单斜晶系，而且存在假晶胞。其分子式昌Ｐｂ５Ｓｂ４Ｓ１１。     

西藏地区联合应用X荧光法和快金分析法快速追踪和评价金异常源

论述了在西藏地区某金矿区金异常的追踪和评价工作中，联合应用Ｘ荧光法和快金分析法的效果，以Ｘ荧光法现场测定与金矿化密切相关亲铜元素（或亲铜元素组合），发现，追踪含金矿（化）脉（带），以快金分析法及时对矿（化）脉定性，实践表明，这是一种简捷，快速，经济和有效的工作方法。