Comparison of Two Sample Preparation Methods for X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in the Determination of Ni and Cr

Pressed powder pellets and fused beads or glass disks are routinely used in X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of major and trace elements, respectively, in geological materials. In order to evaluate the performance of these two sample preparation methods, we determined Ni and Cr concentrations of fourteen RMs from Japan, France and South Africa, and eighty‐five igneous and three sedimentary rock samples from Mexico in both powder pellets and glass beads. We also computed new values of statistical parameters for RMs from an outlier‐based multiple‐test method and compared them with the literature mean and confidence limit values. The results showed that the multiple‐test method provided more reliable central tendency and dispersion parameters for RMs than those obtained previously from the two or three standard deviation method, or from robust methods. The powder pellet and fused bead sample preparation methods provided consistent results for Ni and Cr at concentration levels > 50 μg g^?1 in this application; for lower concentration levels, however, these methods showed somewhat greater differences. For quantitative comparisons, both ordinary and weighted least‐squares linear regression models were used to show that the two sample preparation methods provided generally unbiased results.     

同步辐射X射线近边吸收谱法研究——二元金属重整催化剂中铂和铼的化学态

北京同步辐射装置（ＢＳＲＦ）提供同步辐射（ＳＲ）可调单色光,用Ｘ射线近边吸收谱法测得Ｆｅ３＋～Ｆｅ０和Ｎｉ３＋～Ｎｉ０的Ｋα吸收边能量位移分别为１０ｅＶ;Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）～Ｐｔ０的ＬⅢ吸收边能量位移为２ｅＶ;Ｒｅ（Ⅳ）～Ｒｅ０和Ｒｅ（Ⅶ）～Ｒｅ０的ＬⅢ吸收边能量位移分别为３ｅＶ和４ｅＶ,其化学位移测量的标准偏差为±０５１ｅＶ（２σ）。     

不同变质类型煤的XRD结构演化特征

通过对大别造山带前陆盆地石炭纪含煤岩系高煤级煤的X射线衍射分析,探讨了高煤级煤基本结构单元的演化特征及其影响因素。结果表明,构造应力作用提高了“煤晶核”BSU的延展度和堆砌度,使面网间距减小。     

新一代高灵敏度手提式X荧光仪的研制

介绍了新一代高灵敏度手提式X射线荧光仪,该仪器由电制冷Si-PIN半导体X射线探测器、放射性同位素X射线激发源和基于PC/104工控机的4 096道多道脉冲幅度分析器组成,对铜、锌、砷等元素的分析检出限为10×10-6,适用于野外现场的天然岩石、土壤和水系沉积物的多元素含量的定量测定,基本满足新一轮地质大调查的需要,特别是二、三级异常点(带)的快速查证与野外追索工作.     

海底X射线荧光探测技术及其应用研究

介绍一种新的海底X射线荧光探测系统,提出了天然沉积物水份对现场X射线荧光测量影响的散射校正模型.经水底砂介质模型和船上天然海底沉积物的试验表明,该探测系统在无液氮冷却条件下能够实现对水底沉积物的原位测量,且一次可同时完成5~10余种元素的定性、定量测定,其检出限可达(10~200)×10-6,这是一种快速、经济、准确和有效的现场原位分析技术.     

Si—PIN探测器便携式X荧光分析仪在海洋多金属结核结壳分析中的应用

采用自行研制的Si-PIN探测器便携式X射线荧光分析仪对海洋多金属结核、富钴锰结壳样品进行了应用实验,测定了Ti、V、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、As、Sr、Y、Zr、Mo和Pb等多种元素,并考察了仪器在进行现场分析的可行性。实验证明Si-PIN便携式X射线荧光分析仪能够满足大洋多金属结核和结壳现场分析的基本要求。     

X射线荧光光谱分析方法标准化的进展

简述了X射线荧光光谱分析方法标准化的进展,包括其意义与历史回顾、标准现状、不足与建议。主要参考文献33篇。     

Visualization of geologic geospatial datasets through X3D in the frame of WebGIS

Abstract

3D geo spatial data have become the normal. However, to view the data, usually expert software is required, which have up to now hindered the wide spread use of 3D scenes for the display of geological data. The internet real time 3D rendering framework X3D is assessed regarding its suitability for building a geological GIS on the internet. Especially important for geological data, 3D rendering enhances the intuitive grasp of the data and enables the user to interactively explore it. It is often necessary to find a solution to distribute this data to a wide range of interested parties, experts and non-experts alike. According to the nature of 3D data, the best technique to display geo-data, the modeling of objects and unresolved issues have to be taken into consideration. The internet is the apparent tool for the public distribution and visualization of 3D data and it was found that through the open ISO-standardized format X3D it offers a multitude of possibilities. A 3D geological interactive map was created with these prerequisites to identify challenges and possibilities through this process. It was found that the use of lead to satisfactory results, that could probably not have been achieved with another technology.     

南极乔治王岛六种苔藓植物的X荧光分析

在无标样条件下 ,我们利用微束 X荧光分析法对南极乔治王岛的 6种苔藓植物的叶和茎进行重元素分析。它们是 :Andreaea regularis,Bryum muehlenbeckii,Drepanocladus uncinatus,Brachythecium subpilosum,Tortula saxiola,Ditrichum austro- georgicum。研究结果发现 ,不同苔藓植物对各种不同重元素的吸收能力不同 ,即使是同一种植物 ,叶和茎中的重元素成分也有差异。在 6种苔藓中 ,Andreaea regularis体内的重元素种类最少 ,但其对 Fe有较强的吸收。由于南极环境条件优越 ,在苔藓植物体内 ,尚未发现大量有毒重金属元素的存在