苏鲁交界及南黄海地区地震波速比的变化特征

本文主要应用多台波速比和单台波速比的方法，计算了苏鲁交界及南黄海（北纬３５°３５′至３６°００′，东经１１７°００′至１２１°００′）范围内，１９８４到１９９１年７月发生在该区域的１６３次ＭＬ≥１．７地震的波速比值，并对波速比结果进行ｔ检验和模糊数学分析识别。分析结果发现，１９８５年１月至１１月出现了不连续的波速比低值异常时段，模糊数学识别的异常从属函数在这段时间也呈现高值。异常恢复后，１９８７年     

Tectonic framework of the Precambrian of Madagascar and its Gondwana connections: a review and reappraisal

The Precambrian of Madagascar is divided into two sectors by the north-west trending sinistral Ranotsara shear zone, which continues in the Mozambique belt, probably as the Surma shear zone, and in Southern India as the Achankovil shear zone. South of Ranotsara six north-south trending tectonic belts are recognized that consist largely of granulite and high amphibolite facies paragneisses, phlogopite diopsidites, concordant granites and granulites. North of Ranotsara the central-northern segment is traversed by a north-trending axial 100–150 km wide dextral shear zone of probable Pan-African age, which was metamorphosed under granulite and high amphibolite facies conditions and which has reworked older basement. This shear zone continues across southern India as the Palghat-Cauvery shear zone. Major stratiform basic -ultrabasic complexes occur in the axial zone and in the basement to the west. Well preserved low grade continental margin-type sediments (quartzites, mica schists and stromatolitic marbles) of Kibaran age are present in western Madagascar. Two partly greenschist grade sedimentary groups lie unconformably on high grade basement in north-east Madagascar. Isotopic age data suggest the presence in Madagascar of Archaean, Early and Mid-Proterozoic crustal material that was extensively reworked in Pan-African times.     

A numerical simulation of gas flow during coal/gas outbursts

Summary A model of the gas flow in airways during an instantaneous outburst of coal and gas is formulated and solved numerically using MacCormack's explicit finite-difference scheme. This model is based on the assumption that geological structures, in-situ stresses and high-gas-pressure gradients play important roles in initiating an outburst, with the gas content and gas-pressure gradients being the most dominant factors. The fluid-dynamic processes that occur after an outburst are computed by the numerical integration of the complete time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations. The mixture velocity, the density and the gas-concentration profiles in both time and space domains (immediately after an outburst) are presented. The global results are useful in gaining an improved understanding of gas-flow patterns during coal/gas outbursts and in determining the range of the disturbance so that effective methods of control can be developed.Nomenclature a speed of sound - C gas concentration (mass) - C _v specific heat at constant volume - C _p specific heat at constant pressure - CFL Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy number - E total energy of the mixture - F the vector defined in Equation 27 - G the vector defined in Equation 28 - h entropy - h _i entropy at inlet - J _xi diffusion flux in the i-direction - k thermal conductivity of a gas - M Mach number - P pressure of a mixture (the partial pressure of gas) - P gas pressure - P _a atmospheric pressure     

黄河流域旱涝年地面热量收支变化特征

根据北京、郑州３年热量平衡观测资料，建立波文（Ｂｏｗｅｎ）比计算模式。并用此模式及辐射计算式等估计黄河流域８年５－８月地面月辐射收支、蒸发耗热、湍流热交换量和土壤热交换量，并比较分析旱涝年它们的差异以及随旱涝（用降水距平表示）的变化。      

山西中强地震前波速比异常研究

本文分析了大同－阳高６．１级（１９８９），５．８级（１９９１），忻州５．、１级（１９９１），侯马５．１级（１９８９）以及太原，运城１９８９－１９９１年几个４．０级左右地震前后的２０２次小震资料。结果表明：这些主震前都存在明显的地震波速异常变化，纵横波速比Ｖｐ／Ｖｓ表面为下降－回升的异常形态，负异常持续时间与震级大小相关；主震在岁异常结束后发生，滞后时间随区域地震震源深度增大而延长。同时，主震前还存     

极隙区粒子和电流的观测和研究

处于高纬向日面的极隙区是太阳风能量、动量和质量可以直接进入地球磁场并到达地球的近地空间的区域。本文简要介绍了极隙区的观测和研究，综述了极隙区的粒子沉降、场向电流、等离子体对流和电离层电流的特征。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠中的古河道与地下水

塔克拉玛干沙漠中发育有众多的古河道，其密集区主要集中在大沙漠中部。不同河流的古河道，含水层岩性有明显差异，地下水的富水性也明显不同。但沿古河道，地下水富水性均较两侧好，水质也相对较好，多为淡水和微咸水，为在沙漠区寻找水资源提供了方向     

储层毛细管压力曲线在东海油气储量计算中的应用

本文阐述了利用储层毛细管压力曲线计算含油炮和度的方法,该方法在东海油气储量计算中取得良好的结果。     

唐山滦县震区的三维地震透射研究──中、上地壳速度层析成像

利用布设在唐山滦县震区３０ｋｍ×４０ｋｍ范围内的由８８台数字和模拟地震仪组成的临时台阵，接收来自不同方向６个炮点激发产生的莫霍界面反射波走时，重建了台阵下１-９ｋｍ深度的Ｐ，Ｓ波速度和Ｖ_ｐ／Ｖ_ｓ图像．结果表明。中、上地壳结构存在明显的横向不均匀性．北北东走向的滦县-卢龙断裂自地表向下至少延伸到８ｋｍ深度处，并向北西方向倾斜．中、上地壳存在着近东西向的低速异常条带．这两组构造控制着该区的地震活动．     

中国大陆8级巨震生成背景研究

中国大陆８级巨震群体活动的盛衰起伏，紧随全球整体活动的变化而变，并明显地受到太阳活动长期变化的调制。就个体巨震孕育而言，其供能机制可造成周围数千公里构造应力场持续多年的剧烈增强。因此，对于震级为８级的巨大地震的预测问题，必须在极为广阔的研究视野中探讨。