广西防城港沿海6·16特大暴雨成因及机制探讨

利用NCEP FNL 1°×1°再分析、地面观测、FY-2G卫星和多普勒天气雷达等资料,对广西防城港沿海地区2020年6月16日出现的特大暴雨过程进行成因分析以及触发维持机制探讨。(1)此次极端降雨过程是一次暖区暴雨过程,降雨过程主要分为两个阶段,具有局地性强,雨势猛,强度大,降水难预报和突发性等特点。(2)暴雨在弱环流背景条件下发生,暴雨区有深厚的水汽和较强的不稳定能量,但天气尺度系统上升运动不深厚强度也不强,因而预报难度大。(3)初始对流在防城港南部近海海面触发,靠近海岸线时迅速发展加强,在防城港沿海地区演变成一个较大尺度的M_βCS,其西侧和南侧出现一连串强度45～55 dBZ γ中尺度对流系统,不断经过暴雨区上空,形成列车效应最终导致极端降雨的发生。(4)天气尺度背景为北部湾近海海面出现对流提供了有利条件,低空急流的显著加强触发防城港市近海海面初始对流生成;不同性质下垫面的热力差异和M_βCS冷池出流造成防城港沿海地区出现中尺度低压及中尺度辐合线,致使对流在防城港沿海地区增强和长时间维持。(5)高温高湿环境中尺度扰动可能处于暖湿不稳定层结...     

Weak gravitational lensing of black hole from T-duality in plasma

In this study, we investigate the impact of a plasma environment on gravitational weak lensing around a black hole from the perspective of T-duality. Our results demonstrate that the deflection angle of light rays around the black hole is notably affected by the parameter $l_0$, with an increase leading to a decrease in the deflection angle, while the effect of plasma on the deflection angle is the opposite. We also consider different types of plasma distributions, including uniform ${\omega }_e=const$, Singular Isothermal Sphere medium, and Non-Singular Isothermal gas sphere plasma. We have analyzed the total magnification of the image source due to gravitational weak lensing, taking into account the effect of parameter $l_0$ related to T-duality in the presence of plasma around the black hole.     

武陵山区一次暖区强降水触发和维持机制分析

利用自动站观测资料、多普勒雷达资料、ERA5 0.25 °×0.25 °再分析资料及WRF数值模拟资料，对2018年5月19—20日发生在重庆武陵山区一次暖区暴雨过程中尺度环境条件及中小尺度对流系统演变、触发和维持机制等进行分析。结果表明:（1）此次过程无明显冷空气强迫，斜压性弱，边界层高温高湿，对流层中下层存在明显条件不稳定层结；（2）石桥强降水中小尺度对流系统演变主要有3个阶段:分散对流组织成东西向带状对流、带状对流断裂后雨团准静止维持、东北-西南向带状对流快速重建；（3）沿武陵山脉分布的边界层辐合线触发雷暴发生，强回波单体沿辐合线移动和加强，形成“列车效应”；（4）石桥东部山顶雷暴冷池出流下山，与环境暖湿气流和地形作用共同维持石桥强降水；（5）山区地形对降水有重要影响，近地面偏东风与石桥西部山体相互作用形成局地气旋性小涡旋触发降水，而受到石桥东部山体阻挡作用，地形性涡旋移速变慢，利于强降水维持。      

黑龙江省暴雨台风事件气候特征分析

把北上台风影响黑龙江省且造成暴雨的天气过程定义为一个暴雨台风事件，根据影响的强度及方式分为3种类型：热带气旋型、变性型和水汽型。利用1981—2020年CMA最佳数据集和黑龙江省84个国家观测站常规观测资料进行分析，黑龙江省暴雨台风事件共有29个，均出现在7—9月，8月最多，9月最少。多数台风都在35°N以北登陆，其中在朝鲜半岛附近向东北移动入日本海的路径最多，由朝鲜半岛或者辽宁进入东北地区的路径次之。对比各类型发现，热带气旋型在暴雨站次、平均雨量等暴雨特征方面表现最强，变性型次之。研究中发现，暴雨台风事件具有明显的年代际特征，1995—2011年为弱影响期，1981—1994年和2012—2020年为2个强影响期，后一个强影响期中暴雨台风事件明显增多，年内时间跨度更大，暴雨站次、平均雨量等暴雨特征值更大，热带气旋型和变性型的影响系统更强，但路径差异不大。     

安徽北部一次局地特大暴雨过程的中尺度特征分析

利用NCEP 0.25°×0.25°再分析资料、自动站加密观测资料、卫星和雷达资料,对2018年6月27—28日安徽北部出现的一次局地特大暴雨过程进行特征分析,结果表明:(1)此次特大暴雨过程发生在冷涡后部的大尺度天气背景中,低槽具有前倾结构,环境场提供了充足的水汽和能量条件;(2)降水具有低质心暖云降水特征,后向传播...     

Spatial evolution and determinants of new infrastructure development in China北大核心CSCD

New infrastructure has become an important support for China's economic transformation and high-quality development in the new era. In order to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of China's new infrastructure development and its driving factors, this study first constructed a comprehensive evaluation index of the development level of new infrastructure based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020. Then, it used the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) entropy method and spatial econometric model to measure the development level of new infrastructure and analyze its driving factors. The results show that: 1) The development level of China's new infrastructure has increased year by year, and there is a trend of balanced development among provinces. 2) There is great spatial heterogeneity in the development level of China's new infrastructure. The new infrastructure development level is much higher in the eastern region than the central, western, and northeastern regions. The overall temporal and spatial evolution pattern showed an east-west expansion trend, and the center of gravity continued to move to the southwest. 3) The development level of new infrastructure is affected by many factors, among which the economic development level, financial development level, innovation foundation, urbanization process, and population size are the key driving factors. By examining the evolution of the spatial pattern of China's new infrastructure development level and its influencing factors, this article may provide a decision-making reference for its optimal layout and development. © 2023, Editorial office of PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY. All rights reserved.