引滦工程对滦河三角洲盐水入侵及土壤盐渍化的影响

引滦工程后滦河三角洲水文过程发生很大变化,滦河入海水量骤减河海动力平衡破坏,海洋作用相对增强,滦河口盐度增加,盐水入侵长度增大,三角洲地下水含盐量增高,土壤盐渍化的面积扩大。     

通量传输事件磁场的理论计算及其与观测的比较

根据涡旋诱发重联理论,对通量传输事件（FTEs）磁场分布特性作了计算.结果表明,卫星测到的FTEs的不同磁场分布形态,是取决于通量管的运动方向及卫星穿越通量管的部位.在北半球,当通量管由低纬向高纬（由南向北）直向运动时,不论卫星通过什么部位,绝大多数情况下观测到先正后负的B_x,变化（即正FTE）,个别部位观测到先负后正的B_x变化（即反FTE）;B_z是单峰分布形式,表现为V型、倒V型或是U型和倒U型.当通量管在x方向有正或负速度分量即斜向运动时,大部分部位测到的B_x呈不规则变化,B_z表现为双极分布.与61个FTEs的观测实例作了对比,理论计算与观测符合得较好.     

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF ANOMALOUS VARIATION OF WATER TABLE IN CHANGPING WELL, BEIJING

Field investigation on hydrogeological environment around Changping well reveals that the anomalous uprise of 'water table begining from Oct. 1988 was mainly caused by the leakage of water from the channel leading to Shisanling Reservoir, but not the precursor of Datong-Yanggao earthquake in Shanxi Province in 1989     

On the scavenging of SO2 by cloud and rain drops: IV. A wind tunnel and theoretical study of the absorption of SO2 in the ppb(v) range by water drops in the presence of H2O2

An experimental study involving the Mainz vertical wind tunnel is described where the rate of SO₂ removed from the air by freely suspended water drops was measured for SO₂ concentrations in the gas phase ranging between 50 and 500 ppb, and for various H₂O₂ concentrations in the liquid phase. In a first set of experiments, the pH inside the SO₂ absorbing drops was monitored by means of colour pH indicators added to the drops. In a second set of experiments, the amount of SO₂ scavenged by the drops was determined as sulfate by an ionchromatograph after the drops had been removed from the vertical air stream of the wind tunnel after various times of exposure to SO₂. The results of our experimental study were compared with the theoretical gas diffusion model of Walcek and Pruppacher which was reformulated for the case of SO₂ concentrations in the ppbv(v) range for which the main resistance to diffusion lies in the gas phase surrounding the drop. Excellent agreement between experiment and theory was obtained. Encouraged by this agreement, the theory was used to investigate the rate of sulfate production inside a drop as a function of pH. The sulfate production rate, which includes transport and oxidation, was compared with the production rate based on bulk equilibrium, as cited in the literature.     

浅海水下地形地貌遥感信息提取与应用

本文根据笔者在我国渤海海峡、闽江口、瓯江口以及珠江口附近海域的遥感实验,讨论由卫星遥感提供的水下地形地貌信息的特征、机理,提出使用信息论和灰色系统论方法分析水深遥感信息传递的过程。以此为依据,建立水深信息提取模型,研究其实用性、精度和效果。实践表明,水深遥感的测量精度没有达到大、中比例尺常规测量的要求。但作为大面积、短周期的宏观分析,特别是遥感图像上显示的海水表层流场特征,对判别浅海水下地形走向和地貌单元,了解其冲刷、沉积作用的动力因素,动态变化等具有十分重要的意义,它成为常规方法的补充手段。对近海的规划、开发,如港湾海水养殖、航道选址、海上工程、海水排污等方面的海水环境分析与宏观评价及监测,具有一定的优势。本文着重讨论了以下三个问题: 1.水下地形地貌遥感的原理与信息特性;2.水深信息提取及灰色系统方法与模糊判别模型分析;3.遥感水下地形地貌的应用与效果分析。     

数字成象系统调制传递函数的测定及应用

本文首次探讨了数字成象系统调制传递函数的测定方法及应用。试验结果表明:该测定方法不仅合理可行,而且强有力地证明了MTF的应用价值。即不仅用于象质的评价,而且为成象系统的检定和调试提供了新的技术手段。     

利用能量传递提高荧光法测铅的灵敏度

基于2-(4′-联苯基)-6-苯基苯并(口恶)唑(PBBO)染料分子发射光谱(λ_(em)~(max)=400nm)和2,3,4,6,7,8-六氢化喹嗪并[9,10,1-f,g]-1-甲基香豆素(CND_(102))的激发光谱(λ_(em)~(max)=388nm)的能级相互匹配,以及表面活性剂胶束的存在是染料分子间能量传递的必备条件,使荧光法测Pb的灵敏度以数量级提高。     

自记水位仪的数字化改造

本文详细叙述了采用光电编码和微机技术对自记水位仪进行数字化改造的方案选择、理论计算和改造实践。     

低Peclet数下剪切流中气溶胶粒子的传质率

本文研究了低Péclet数下剪切流中气溶胶粒子的传质率。Péclet数(Pe)是物质浓度的对流输送项对分子扩散项的比。它等于Reynolds数(Re)与Schmidt数的(Sc)之积。本文应用奇异扰动方法得到了无因次传质率Nu(Nusselt数)在小Péclet数条件下的四项渐近展式，因而?改进了前人的结果。