苏里格气田盒8气藏气水层测井识别研究

鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田盒8气藏为弹性驱动的河流相低效气藏,储层非均质性强,在开发中普遍见水。根据试采情况将气藏储层分为气层、水层、气水层三类,开展气、水层的测井识别研究。以区内26口井50个射孔层段各层的试油结果作为依据,选出了700个样本点作为判识建模的标本,以声波时差和中子孔隙度等8个原始测井值作为判识变量组合,采用模糊判别分析,建立了各层的判识模型。回判结果表明,模型对气层精度达到97％,水层为89％,气水层为94％。利用未参加建模的出水井射孔段对模型进行验证,判识结果基本符合实际情况,模型具有较高精度。     

GIS中最佳遍历分析算法与实现

首先介绍了地理信息系统（GIS）网络分析的发展概况;其次在已有GIS最佳遍历分析存在问题的基础上,提出了一种最佳多路遍历分析算法。并在ArcEngine环境下,以某县交通网为例,利用C#.net及ArcEngine二次开发类库实现了其最佳多路灾情巡视路线分析。算法适用范围广,可以推广到很多同类的地理网络问题。     

第二次土地调查若干问题探讨

第二次土地调查的目的是全面查清全国土地利用状况,掌握真实的土地基础数据,如何保证调查的质量?文章以江阴市为例进行探讨。     

临港新城地质特征及其对新城规划与建设的影响分析

结合临港新城三维地质调查所取得的成果,分析了该城区地质特征及对新城建设的影响,为新城规划建设提供科学依据和服务。     

轨道交通下立交区间基坑降水技术

根据下立交区间基坑特点,合理制定基坑工程降水方案。经工程实践证明,通过疏干井、混合井、降压井的合理设置,联合使用,科学有效地治理了地下水,较好地控制了因降水产生的工程风险。     

Trace metals in suspended particulate matter and in sediment trap material from a permanently anoxic fjord — Framvaren, South Norway

Geochemical studies of the trace metal concentrations in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment trap material from a permanently anoxic fjord, Framvaren, South Norway in 1989 and 1993 indicate that extremely high concentrations of zinc (max = 183920 mg/kg), copper (max = 4130 mg/kg), lead (max = 2752 mg/kg), and cadmium (max= 8.1 mg/kg) sometimes (1993) occur in the SPM collected in the anoxic water layer. The highest concentrations of Zn occur just below the redoxcline at 22 m water depth (in 1993), and copper, lead and cadmium have maximum concentrations between 30 and 80 m depth, where the amount of total SPM is at a minimum (about 0.3 mg/L). On a mass per volume (g/L) basis, the maximum concentrations of Cd, Cu and Fe occur at the interface (21m) and those of Zn occur just below the redoxcline (22 m depth). The SPM and sediment trap data suggest that the metals are precipitated as sulfide minerals in the anoxic water. The presence of particulate sulfides was confirmed by SEM studies that show the occurrence of discrete metal (Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) sulfide particles in size from 10–20 m as well as framboidal pyrites (1–5 m in size). Higher levels of metal sulfides at intermediate depths rather than in the deep water of Framvaren (> 100 m), may be due to input of trace metals by water exchange over the sill in the upper part of the water column. In the deep water, less metal sulfide precipitation takes place due to depletion of trace metals, and the dilution of particulate metal concentrations by organic matter and by the chemogenic formation of calcite.     

试论我国城市发展方针

在执行重重工业的发展战略和城乡分割体制的计划经济背景下,我国制定了“控制大城市规模,合理发展中等城市,积极发展小城市”的城市建设方针。但是分析表明,这一方针不能适应市场经济和对外开放形势的需要,也不符合我国人多地少、农村剩余劳动力多的国情,必须调整现有的城市发展方针,选择适宜的城市化发展道路。因此,本文就适度发展大中城市,提高城市现代化水平;加速乡村城市化,积极合理发展小城镇;以及根据不同地区的具体情况,因地制宜地指定城市化途径等方面作了探讨。     

Rupture process of large earthquakes in the northern Mexico subduction zone

The Cocos plate subducts beneath North America at the Mexico trench. The northernmost segment of this trench, between the Orozco and Rivera fracture zones, has ruptured in a sequence of five large earthquakes from 1973 to 1985; the Jan. 30, 1973 Colima event (M _s 7.5) at the northern end of the segment near Rivera fracture zone; the Mar. 14, 1979 Petatlan event (M _s 7.6) at the southern end of the segment on the Orozco fracture zone; the Oct. 25, 1981 Playa Azul event (M _s 7.3) in the middle of the Michoacan gap; the Sept. 19, 1985 Michoacan mainshock (M _s 8.1); and the Sept. 21, 1985 Michoacan aftershock (M _s 7.6) that reruptured part of the Petatlan zone. Body wave inversion for the rupture process of these earthquakes finds the best: earthquake depth; focal mechanism; overall source time function; and seismic moment, for each earthquake. In addition, we have determined spatial concentrations of seismic moment release for the Colima earthquake, and the Michoacan mainshock and aftershock. These spatial concentrations of slip are interpreted as asperities; and the resultant asperity distribution for Mexico is compared to other subduction zones. The body wave inversion technique also determines theMoment Tensor Rate Functions; but there is no evidence for statistically significant changes in the moment tensor during rupture for any of the five earthquakes. An appendix describes theMoment Tensor Rate Functions methodology in detail.The systematic bias between global and regional determinations of epicentral locations in Mexico must be resolved to enable plotting of asperities with aftershocks and geographic features. We have spatially shifted all of our results to regional determinations of epicenters. The best point source depths for the five earthquakes are all above 30 km, consistent with the idea that the down-dip edge of the seismogenic plate interface in Mexico is shallow compared to other subduction zones. Consideration of uncertainties in the focal mechanisms allows us to state that all five earthquakes occurred on fault planes with the same strike (N65°W to N70°W) and dip (15±3°), except for the smaller Playa Azul event at the down-dip edge which has a steeper dip angle of 20 to 25°. However, the Petatlan earthquake does prefer a fault plane that is rotated to a more east-west orientation—one explanation may be that this earthquake is located near the crest of the subducting Orozco fracture zone. The slip vectors of all five earthquakes are similar and generally consistent with the NUVEL-predicted Cocos-North America convergence direction of N33°E for this segment. The most important deviation is the more northerly slip direction for the Petatlan earthquake. Also, the slip vectors from the Harvard CMT solutions for large and small events in this segment prefer an overall convergence direction of about N20°E to N25°E.All five earthquakes share a common feature in the rupture process: each earthquake has a small initial precursory arrival followed by a large pulse of moment release with a distinct onset. The delay time varies from 4 s for the Playa Azul event to 8 s for the Colima event. While there is some evidence of spatial concentration of moment release for each event, our overall asperity distribution for the northern Mexico segment consists of one clear asperity, in the epicentral region of the 1973 Colima earthquake, and then a scattering of diffuse and overlapping regions of high moment release for the remainder of the segment. This character is directly displayed in the overlapping of rupture zones between the 1979 Petatlan event and the 1985 Michoacan aftershock. This character of the asperity distribution is in contrast to the widely spaced distinct asperities in the northern Japan-Kuriles Islands subduction zone, but is somewhat similar to the asperity distributions found in the central Peru and Santa Cruz Islands subduction zones. Subduction of the Orozco fracture zone may strongly affect the seismogenic character as the overlapping rupture zones are located on the crest of the subducted fracture zone. There is also a distinct change in the physiography of the upper plate that coincides with the subducting fracture zone, and the Guerrero seismic gap to the south of the Petatlan earthquake is in the wake of the Orozco fracture zone. At the northern end, the Rivera fracture zone in the subducting plate and the Colima graben in the upper plate coincide with the northernmost extent of the Colima rupture zone.     

抓“热点”、解“难点”，依法行政搞矿管

原达县地区是全省矿业活动最频繁的地区之一,也一度成了全省有名的“采煤混战”大区。近几年来,以《矿产资源法》为指针,抓住“重点”,调处“热点”,解决“难点”,以点带面,加强矿管行政执法工作,促进了全区矿业秩序的全面好转,矿业生产也相应得到健康发展。矿业产值占全区工业总产值的１５％左右,是全区的一大支柱产业,有力地促进了地方经济的发展。     

铁砚磨穿指蘸墨 不用扬鞭自奋蹄——志《山西地震》创刊20周年

回顾了《山西地震》创刊20年的历史,叙述了《山西地震》.编辑部在自身建设、执行科技期刊编排标准、为防震减灾事业默默奉献的情况,总结了经验、教训,指出了今后努力的方向.