现浇薄壁管桩在威-乌高速公路软基加固中的应用

刚性疏桩复合地基是高速公路软基处理中一种较为有效的方法,现浇薄壁管桩复合地基作为刚性疏桩复合地基其中的一种得到越来越多地运用,但相关研究开展的较少。结合现浇薄壁管桩在威-乌高速公路软基加固中的应用,对该技术的设计计算、施工、检测等方面进行了介绍。检测结果表明,现浇薄壁管桩桩体质量好、桩芯土体具有一定的闭塞效应,承载力高,经济性优越。     

砂卵石地层土压盾构掘进掌子面稳定性室内试验与三维离散元仿真研究

采用?800 mm模型土压盾构开展室内掘进试验,以探究砂卵石中土压盾构隧道掌子面失稳诱发地层变形特征。同时,补充开展三维离散元仿真以挖掘室内试验难以获取的掌子面失稳信息,并研究隧道埋深对掌子面稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明：砂卵石地层中盾构隧道掌子面失稳发展到地表后,沉降曲面呈上大下小逐步收缩的沙漏状,影响范围小于砂土地层。考虑盾构动态掘进过程后,卵石颗粒接触关系变化十分剧烈,掌子面稳定性被削弱,极限支护压力随之增大。掌子面极限支护压力随隧道埋深基本呈线性增加,极限支护压力与初始支护压力之比则随埋深增大而减小。掌子面失稳机制可根据隧道埋深划分为3种模式。与既有研究相比,考虑了盾构动态掘进过程与实际工程更加接近,可为确保砂卵石地层土压盾构隧道施工掌子面稳定提供参考。     

隧道仰拱GPR无损检测实例分析

这里基于某铁路隧道仰拱400MHz天线探地雷达的实际采集数据,采用Radan7软件处理方法所检测的缺陷结果,与施工单位及相关质量控制单位所组织的破检验证完全相符。通过对检测缺陷展开全面分析与解释,为隧道缺陷检测提供了依据和方法,将其应用于该工区后续隧道施工和隧道缺陷的检测处理与解释,具有重要的现实指导意义。     

西安地铁四号线沿线地裂缝的灾害分析与对策研究

西安地裂缝是一种地区性的地质灾害现象。目前西安共发育有14条地裂缝。地铁四号线将穿越13条,给隧道施工造成了诸多考验。文章选取西安市地铁四号线沿线的地裂缝灾害作为研究对象。探讨了地裂缝对隧道工程的影响因素和致灾特点、以及相关的评估理论方法。最后针对地裂缝灾害特征以及工程特点提出若干防治措施,对于科学研究地裂缝的灾害特点、合理防治地裂缝的灾害发生具有一定的指导意义。     

金风口地面塌陷及水源干枯成因及防治

通过对金风口片区地表的调查，分析了地面降沉、塌陷的原因；研究了塌陷对水源的影响；总结了水源干枯的规律及影响因素；并提出了防治的办法及合理化建议。     

南阳盆地新野县地裂缝现状分析

对南阳盆地新野县地裂缝发生的地质环境背景、发育现状、成因及防治对策进行了论证;确定膨胀土为引发地裂缝的主要因素;分析了膨胀土的分布规律、岩性特征、埋藏深度、土体性质及气象条件等因素;对膨胀势进行评价,判定为弱膨胀土,具蒙脱石含量较高,具高塑限、高液限,高收缩性的特点;并提出了地裂缝的防治对策。     

山区公路工程建设对地下水渗流的影响

分别就公路路堤、路堑、半挖半填等路基结构和隧道结构对周围岩土体的渗透性、渗流路径、地下水位等方面的影响进行了分析,以对公路工程建设对地下水环境的影响和与水文地质有关的灾害和损害的分析评价有所帮助。     

A Numerical Study on the Screening of Blast-Induced Waves for Reducing Ground Vibration

Blasting is often a necessary part of mining and construction operations, and is the most cost-effective way to break rock, but blasting generates both noise and ground vibration. In urban areas, noise and vibration have an environmental impact, and cause structural damage to nearby structures. Various wave-screening methods have been used for many years to reduce blast-induced ground vibration. However, these methods have not been quantitatively studied for their reduction effect of ground vibration. The present study focused on the quantitative assessment of the effectiveness in vibration reduction of line-drilling as a screening method using a numerical method. Two numerical methods were used to analyze the reduction effect toward ground vibration, namely, the “distinct element method” and the “non-linear hydrocode.” The distinct element method, by particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC 2D), was used for two-dimensional parametric analyses, and some cases of two-dimensional analyses were analyzed three-dimensionally using AUTODYN 3D, the program of the non-linear hydrocode. To analyze the screening effectiveness of line-drilling, parametric analyses were carried out under various conditions, with the spacing, diameter of drill holes, distance between the blasthole and line-drilling, and the number of rows of drill holes, including their arrangement, used as parameters. The screening effectiveness was assessed via a comparison of the vibration amplitude between cases both with and without screening. Also, the frequency distribution of ground motion of the two cases was investigated through fast Fourier transform (FFT), with the differences also examined. From our study, it was concluded that line-drilling as a screening method of blast-induced waves was considerably effective under certain design conditions. The design details for field application have also been proposed.     

苏锡常地区主要地质灾害及防治措施

自20世纪80年代初以来,苏锡常地区由于超量开采深层地下水,相继出现了地面沉降、地裂缝等地质灾害,已造成了大量的经济损失,成为影响本地区经济社会发展的重要制约因素。本文在分析苏锡常地区地质环境条件的基础上,总结出本地区地质灾害主要类型、分布特征以及形成条件等,并对人类活动可能遭受地质灾害的危险性进行分析,进而提出地质灾害的防治措施。     

煤矿开采对毕节地区地下水环境的影响研究

在对毕节地区煤矿开采现状调查的基础上,探讨煤炭开采对地下水环境的影响,分别从水资源量减少、水质污染、含水层水位变化三个方面进行论述,并指出由此引发的相关的问题,最后提出了煤矿开采区保护水环境、防止水环境恶化的建议。